Wikipedia

List of Louisiana Creoles

This is a list of notable Louisiana Creole people.

To be included in this list, the person must have a Wikipedia article showing they are Louisiana Creoles or must have references showing they are Louisiana Creoles and are notable.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

List

edit

Arts, culture, and entertainment

edit
 
Don Albert
 
Troian Bellisario in Manila in February 2013
 
Barney Bigard
 
Edgar Degas
  • Edgar Degas (1834–1917) – artist famous for his paintings, sculptures, prints, and drawings; cousin of Norbert Rillieux; eldest of five children of Célestine Musson De Gas, a Creole from New Orleans, and Augustin De Gas, a banker
  • Harold Dejan (1909–2002) – jazz alto saxophonist and bandleader[22][23]
 
Geno Delafose
 
George Herriman
 
Julien Hudson
 
Beyoncé Knowles
 
Rosie Ledet
 
Tristin Mays
 
Adah Isaacs Menken
 
Nicole Richie in store appearance at the 2012 David Jones Photo Call in Sydney
 
Terrance Simien

Business

edit
 
Lurita Doan

Education

edit
 
Earl Barthe

Journalism

edit
 
Bryant Gumbel in 2013

Law and politics

edit
 
Caesar Antoine
 
Rodolphe Desdunes
  • Dan Desdunes (1870–1929) – civil rights activist and musician in New Orleans and Omaha
  • Rodolphe Desdunes (1849–1928) – civil rights activist, poet, historian, journalist, and customs officer primarily active in New Orleans
  • Jean Noel Destrehan (1754–1823) – politician in Louisiana and one-time owner of Destréhan Plantation, one of Louisiana's most famous antebellum historical landmarks
  • Antoine Dubuclet (1810–1887) – State Treasurer of Louisiana
  • Jacques Dupre (1773–1846) – 8th Governor of Louisiana[107]
  • Edwin Edwards (1927–2021) – served as the 50th governor of Louisiana for four terms (1972–1980, 1984–1988 and 1992–1996), twice as many elected terms as any other Louisiana chief executive
 
Keith Ellison
 
Ivan L.R. Lemelle
 
John Willis Menard

Literature

edit
 
Victor Séjour

Military

edit
 
P.G.T. Beauregard

Religion

edit
 
Henriette DeLille

Science and technology

edit
 
Boyd Melson
 
Paul Sentell
 
Brett Favre

Sports

edit

Other

edit

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ James Lincoln Collier, Jazz: The American Theme Song, Oxford University Press, 1993, pg. 193
  2. ^ Whitney Balliett, Collected Works: A Journal of Jazz 1954–2001, St. Martin's Press, 2002, pp. 792–793
  3. ^ Howard T. Weiner, Early Twentieth-Century Brass Idioms: Art, Jazz, and Other Popular Traditions, Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2009, pg. 16
  4. ^ Louise McKinney, New Orleans: A Cultural History, Oxford University Press, 2006, pp. 26–27
  5. ^ Media, American Public. "American Routes ~ Dave Bartholomew". Archived from the original on May 3, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  6. ^ "Jonathon Batiste and the Stay Human Band". Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  7. ^ "Jon Batiste Talks 'Social Music'". Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  8. ^ Lee Collins, Mary Spriggs Collins, Frank Gillis, John W. Miner, Oh, Didn't He Ramble: The Life Story of Lee Collins, University of Illinois Press, 1989, pg. 80
  9. ^ "Albany "Barney" Bigard (1906–1980)". The Red Hot Jazz Archive. Archived from the original on October 17, 2006.
  10. ^ Linda Dahl, Stormy Weather: The Music and Lives of a Century of Jazz Women, Limelight Edition, 1995, pg. 110
  11. ^ Robert Baron, Ana C. Cara, Creolization as Cultural Creativity, University Press of Mississippi, 2011, pg. 58
  12. ^ William Carter, Preservation Hall: Music from the Heart, Bayou Press Ltd, 1991, pg. 52
  13. ^ Thomas Brothers, Louis Armstrong's New Orleans, W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2006, pg. 195
  14. ^ "John Boutté: New Orleans Jazz Vocalist". Archived from the original on October 7, 2011. Born into a large Creole family that goes back seven generations in Louisiana, he was exposed to music early in life, soaking up New Orleans jazz, soul, blues and gospel, then adding his own Creole traditions along the way.
  15. ^ Wirt, John (September 5, 1993). "Music's In Her Blood: Inez Catalon's Creole Heritage Evident in the Variety of Songs She Sings". The Advocate. Baton Rouge, LA. p. MAG section, 15.
  16. ^ a b Joseph, Pat (Spring 2011). "Killing the Serpent". California. Cal Alumni Association. Archived from the original on April 27, 2012. The painter Robert Colescott, who died in 2009 at age 83, is often remembered as the first African American to earn a solo exhibit in the Venice Biennale—a milestone not reached, incredibly, until 1997. In truth, Colescott was of Creole stock, mixed in race and culture. His parents, both musicians, emigrated from New Orleans to Oakland in no small part to be near the University of California.
  17. ^ "Florestine Perrault Collins – Entries – KnowLA, Encyclopedia of Louisiana". Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  18. ^ Charles Connor Archived October 13, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Legendarydrummer.tv. Retrieved September 12, 2014
  19. ^ Charles Connor – The Original Drummer for Little Richard Archived November 14, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Notinhalloffame.com. Retrieved September 12, 2014
  20. ^ Kurt E Armbruster, Before Seattle Rocked: A City and Its Music, University of Washington Press, 2011, pg. 127
  21. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 7, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  22. ^ Matt Sakakeeny, Roll With It: Brass Bands in the Streets of New Orleans, Duke University Press, 2013, pg 17
  23. ^ Vacher, Peter (August 8, 2002). "Harold Dejan". The Guardian. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  24. ^ David Evans, Ramblin' on My Mind: New Perspectives on the Blues, University of Illinois Press, 2008, pg. 386
  25. ^ Arthur Bradley, On and Off the Bandstand: A Collection of Essays Related to the Great Bands, the story of jazz, and the years when there was non-vocal popular music for adults, iUniverse Inc., 2005
  26. ^ Ivy Crane Wilson, Hollywood in the 1940s: the stars' own stories, Frederick Ungar Pub. Co, 1980, pg. 123
  27. ^ "French Creole | Fats Domino". Frenchcreoles.com. Archived from the original on September 26, 2013. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
  28. ^ James Lincoln Collier, Louis Armstrong: An American Genius, Oxford University Press, 1983, pg. 253
  29. ^ Barney Bigard, Barry Martyn, With Louis and the Duke: The Autobiography of a Jazz Clarinetist, Macmillan Press, 1985 pg. 16
  30. ^ Sanchez, Brenna (2003). "E., Sheila: 1957—: Percussionist, Singer, Composer, Producer". Contemporary Hispanic Biography. Encyclopedia.com. Archived from the original on August 27, 2014. She is the first born of Latin jazz percussionist Pete, who is Mexican-American, and Juanita Escovedo, who is Creole, meaning part French and part black.
  31. ^ Susan Tucker, Beth Willinger, Newcomb College, 1886–2006: Higher Education for Women in New Orleans, Louisiana State University Press, 2012
  32. ^ Gelfert, Axel (2001). "Louis Moreau Gottschalk". French Creoles of America. Archived from the original on August 7, 2006.
  33. ^ "George Herriman: Creator of Krazy Kat Cartoon". French Creoles of America. Archived from the original on May 16, 2006.
  34. ^ "Jazz saxophonist Illinois Jacquet dies". USA Today. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  35. ^ Jazz Forum: The Magazine of the International Jazz Federation, 1977, pg. 35
  36. ^ Jill Florence Lackey, PhD. "Yesterday's Milwaukee: The Rise and Fall of Bronzeville". urbanmilwaukee.com. Archived from the original on October 12, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  37. ^ "Italian Vogue". Archived from the original on August 18, 2011. A refined, harmonious beauty that reflects her own genetic mix: her father is part Blackfoot Indian and her mother is a Louisiana Creole.
  38. ^ "More Than a Mother-in-Law – A Glimpse into the Genealogy of Ernie K-Doe". May 17, 2014. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  39. ^ a b c "Beyoncé Knowles' Biography". Fox News Channel. April 15, 2008. Archived from the original on April 2, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.
  40. ^ B. James Gladstone, The Man Who Seduced Hollywood: The Life and Loves of Greg Bautzer, Tinseltown's Most Powerful Lawyer, Chicago Review Press, 2013, pg. 48
  41. ^ Lola, Die Fesche (July 15, 2014). "Wee Frolic : Racial Ambiguity and the Golden Age of Hollywood: Dorothy Lamour". Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  42. ^ [1] The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved November 17, 2013
  43. ^ James Lincoln Collier, Jazz: The American Theme Song, Oxford University Press, 1993, p. 193
  44. ^ Henry Louis Gates Jr., Finding Your Roots: The Official Companion to the PBS Series, The University of North Carolina Press, 2014
  45. ^ "Southerners: Branford Marsalis". Southern Living. Archived from the original on May 31, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  46. ^ Tristin Mays "I'm African American-French-Indian. Creole"
  47. ^ [A Quick History of French-Speakers in Louisiana (1682–1900) "Articles | Encyclopédie du patrimoine culturel de l'Amérique française – histoire, culture, religion, héritage". Archived from the original on December 17, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2013.], ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FRENCH CULTURAL HERITAGE IN NORTH AMERICA. Retrieved December 10, 2013
  48. ^ "Actor and Educator of Film and Arts". Archived from the original on October 24, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  49. ^ "AA Registry". Archived from the original on June 6, 2012. Born Elizabeth Landreaux, she was a light-skinned Creole who was born on Bourbon Street in New Orleans, LA.
  50. ^ Kristin G. Congdon, Kara Kelley Hallmark, American Folk Art: A Regional Reference, Volume 1, ABC-CLIO, 2012, pg. 249
  51. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on April 19, 2006.
  52. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on April 19, 2006.
  53. ^ "Chicago History Encyclopedia". Archived from the original on March 30, 2012. Beginning as a portraitist in the 1910s, Motley subsequently explored his African and southern Creole roots, Mexican culture, and life in Chicago's 'Bronzeville.'
  54. ^ Idris Muhammad, Inside The Music: The Life Of Idris Muhammad: The Life Of Idris Muhammad, Xlibris, 2012
  55. ^ "The Idris Muhammad interview – Wax Poetics". waxpoetics.com. July 31, 2014. Archived from the original on September 9, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  56. ^ a b Max Jones, Jazz Talking: Profiles, Interviews, and Other Riffs on Jazz Musicians, Da Capo Press, 2000, pg. 26
  57. ^ Eric Hoeprich, The Clarinet, Yale University Press, 2008, pg. 307
  58. ^ Radloff, Jessica (January 2, 2017). "10 *Empire*-Level Crazy Things to Know About Lee Daniels' New Drama, *Star*". Glamour. Archived from the original on September 9, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  59. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on September 3, 2006.
  60. ^ Charles B. Hersch, Subversive Sounds: Race and the Birth of Jazz in New Orleans, University of Chicago Press, 2007, pg. 154
  61. ^ Lee Collins, Mary Spriggs Collins, Frank Gillis, John W. Miner, Oh, Didn't He Ramble: The Life Story of Lee Collins, University of Illinois Press, 1989, pg. 15
  62. ^ Jessie Carney Smith, Notable Black American Women, Book 2, Gale Research Inc., 1996, pg. 525
  63. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on March 3, 2016.
  64. ^ "Wardell Quezergue, the Creole Beethoven, Passes". Nola Defender. September 6, 2011. Archived from the original on April 2, 2012. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
  65. ^ "TV.com". Archived from the original on June 19, 2013. She is of Caucasian, Black Creole, and Mexican descent.
  66. ^ Donald M. Marquis, In Search of Buddy Bolden: First Man of Jazz, Louisiana State University, 2005, pg. 79
  67. ^ "RuPaul Drag Race TV Show in New York City". Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  68. ^ Portrait of an Artist: Spirit Catcher – The Art of Betye Saar (1977) Archived March 6, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, New York Times. Retrieved November 18, 2013
  69. ^ Betye Saarl Archived April 27, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, Arts Connected. Retrieved November 18, 2013
  70. ^ Betye Saar: Colored: Consider the Rainbow Archived June 10, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, Library Thing. Retrieved November 18, 2013
  71. ^ "Meet Swirl Girl Icon: Brytni Sarpy!". Archived from the original on July 3, 2017. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  72. ^ Johnson, Diedre (December 14, 1993). "Review: 'Inside the Creole Mafia'". Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  73. ^ Tracie Spencer Archived November 24, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, playlist.com. Retrieved November 23, 2013
  74. ^ Alan Lomax, Mister Jelly Roll: The Fortunes of Jelly Roll Morton, New Orleans Creole and "Inventor of Jazz", University of California Press, 1973, pg. 101
  75. ^ DigitalCavalry. "Andre Thierry – Bio". Archived from the original on October 16, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  76. ^ Goodrich, Juliette (February 10, 2013). "Bay Area Grammy Nominee Represents Local Creole Community". Archived from the original on August 20, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  77. ^ "Famous Tureauds". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  78. ^ Tony Glover, Scott Dirks, Ward Gaines, Blues with a Feeling: The Little Walter Story, Routledge, 2002, pp. 1–5
  79. ^ Brenda Stevenson, The Contested Murder of Latasha Harlins: Justice, Gender, and the Origins of the LA Riots, Oxford University Press, 2013, p. 110
  80. ^ Whitney, Amber (September 2023). "Robert Brevelle CEO". thetop100magazine.com. p. 64. Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  81. ^ "French Creoles – Creole Experience". Archived from the original on August 1, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  82. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on September 8, 2011. The first person of color (Creole) to buy a seat on the New York Stock Exchange, Doley now runs an investment firm that has offices in New York and New Orleans.
  83. ^ Michel S. Laguerre, American Odyssey: Haitians in New York City, Cornell University Press, 1984, p. 161
  84. ^ Joan Schenka, Truly Wilde: The Unsettling Story of Dolly Wilde, Oscar's Niece, Da Capo Press, 2001, pg. 59
  85. ^ Carol Krismann, Encyclopedia of American Women in Business: A-L, Greenwood Press, 2005, pg. 340
  86. ^ Rossiter Johnson, John Howard Brown, The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans, The Biographical Society, 1904
  87. ^ Christina Vella (February 2, 2011). "Micaela Almonester, Baroness Pontalba – Encyclopedia of Louisiana". KnowLA: Encyclopedia of Louisiana. Archived from the original on February 22, 2013. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
  88. ^ "Yahoo News". Archived from the original on September 28, 2013. According to local legends recorded at FoundSF.com, Pleasant was a person of African heritage who lived as a white woman during the mid-1800s. However, she was never far from her Creole ancestry and was a secret agent for the Underground Railroad. After she moved from the Canadian border to New Orleans, Pleasant allegedly studied under the voodoo high priestess Marie Laveau.
  89. ^ Amy Chozick, "Desiree Rogers' Brand Obama" Archived May 3, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, "wsj.com", April 30, 2009
  90. ^ Dhillon, Georgina. Kreol International. London, UK. January–April 2014
  91. ^ ManagedArtwork.com. "Gilley's Gallery – Caroline Durieux – Artists Info". Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  92. ^ Tervalon, Jervey (April 19, 2006). "The Creole Connection". Archived from the original on May 18, 2014. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  93. ^ "Newspapers Hooked Dean Baquet, New Editor of The Times, at an Early Age". The New York Times. May 15, 2014. Archived from the original on November 14, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  94. ^ Chris Broussard Archived July 13, 2017, at the Wayback Machine "I'm Black. Birth certificate says "Negro". Black Creole from Louisiana."
  95. ^ Merri Dee, Merri Dee, Life Lessons on Faith, Forgiveness & Grace, Life To Legacy, 2013, pp. 73
  96. ^ Charlie LeDuff, "Charlie LeDuff: My Detroit Story" Archived March 4, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, "myfoxdetroit.com", February 17, 2011
  97. ^ "CNN Roots with Don Lemon: An Étouffée of Stories – Ancestry Blog". Archived from the original on May 1, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  98. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on September 12, 2006..
  99. ^ "1975–1978 Houston GLBT Political Caucus". Archived from the original on November 5, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  100. ^ "Armand Julie Beauvais, Governor of Louisiana 1829–1830, Burial Location Unknown". Louisiana Cemeteries (La-Cemeteries). Archived from the original on April 1, 2012. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
  101. ^ {{Louisiana State Senate records on-line begin with the year 1880."Pierre Bossier", A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography, Vol. 1 (1988), p. 92 Biographical Directory of the United States Congress David Colvin,"Bossier's Forgotten Man," Shreveport Times, October 24, 1965 Clifton D. Cardin Bossier Parish historian, The Diary of John Quincy Adams}}
  102. ^ Beverly Jacques Anderson, Cherished Memories: Snapshots of Life and Lessons from a 1950s New Orleans Creole Village, iUniverse, 2011, pg. 139
  103. ^ James Carville, Had Enough?: A Handbook for Fighting Back, Simon & Schuster, 2003, pg. 22
  104. ^ "Allen Broussard – Husband, Father, Judge and Gumbo Master Chef". November 19, 2015. Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  105. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on May 16, 2006..
  106. ^ "Donald Cravins – Once Upon A Creole: The Remarkable Story of Donald Cravins Sr. of Louisiana". November 1, 2014. Archived from the original on November 17, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  107. ^ Sacher, John M. (2003). A Perfect War of Politics. LSU Press. ISBN 9780807128480. "To counteract the threat posed by Mouton's popularity among the district's Creole population, Bullard adroitly allied himself with Creole Jacques Dupre, a longtime legislator with unrivaled influence in southwestern Louisiana"
  108. ^ Capehart, Jonathan (September 16, 2014). "Keith Ellison's mom reminds us of what family is". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on August 8, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  109. ^ "Congressman Keith Ellison discusses his new book: My Country, 'tis of Thee". Archived from the original on May 9, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  110. ^ "Transcripts". Archived from the original on November 14, 2011. "And, you know, it's true that I do find my ancestral roots back in Natchitoches (ph), Louisiana, Cane River, Louisiana, 1742. I go back – I'm about as American as they come."
  111. ^ "Nutrias". Archived from the original on August 28, 2008..
  112. ^ "Civil War Reference". Archived from the original on April 6, 2012. "He was frequently mentioned by General Pierce in his reports as the gallant young Creole colonel."
  113. ^ CreoleGen (May 7, 2013). "Alex Herman of Mobile (1899–1975)". Archived from the original on May 31, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  114. ^ "The Rochons: An African American Dynasty", Pbslearningcenter.org. Retrieved May 30, 2018
  115. ^ "Wordpress". Archived from the original on March 7, 2011. "Valerie Jarrett, a Senior Adviser on Public Information and Intergovernmental Affairs to U.S. President Barack Obama, is a great-granddaughter of Victor Rochon."
  116. ^ Leslie Derfler, Paul Lafargue and the Founding of French Marxism, 1842–1882, Harvard University Press, 1991, pp. 13–14
  117. ^ Andrew Valls, Race and Racism in Modern Philosophy, Cornell University Press, 2005, pg. 23
  118. ^ "Bastille Day in Louisiana: information from John LaFleur". June 16, 2014. Archived from the original on October 13, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  119. ^ Clyde Woods, Development Drowned and Reborn: The Blues and Bourbon Restorations in Post-Katrina New Orleans, University of Georgia Press, 2017, pg. 213
  120. ^ "French Creole". Archived from the original on September 28, 2011.
  121. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on August 7, 2006.
  122. ^ "Sunshine Review". Archived from the original on October 12, 2011. Retrieved November 19, 2011. "Nagin was born in New Orleans, Louisiana to a Creole family."
  123. ^ "French Creole – Louis A. Snaer". Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  124. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on August 7, 2006.
  125. ^ Jack Olsen, Last Man Standing: TheTragedy and Triumph of Geronimo Pratt, Anchor Books, 2000, pp. 15–16
  126. ^ Jaun Gonzalez, PANTHER'S SAGA OF INJUSTICE Archived September 3, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, New York Daily News. Retrieved August 29, 2014
  127. ^ "Best of New Orleans". Archived from the original on July 21, 2012. A French Creole, he was born in 1899 and grew up on Kerlerec Street in the 7th Ward with 10 brothers and sisters.
  128. ^ Attorney, Judge and Oakland Mayor: Lionel Wilson, Calisphere. Retrieved August 29, 2014
  129. ^ A SPIRITUAL JOURNEY FOR EQUALITY AND JUSTICE Archived July 12, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Achievement.org. Retrieved August 29, 2014
  130. ^ "Voices". Archived from the original on November 12, 2011. Alice Dunbar Nelson was born Alice Ruth Moore into the Creole society of New Orleans in 1875.
  131. ^ Donald Pizer, American Expatriate Writing and the Paris Moment: Modernism and Place, Louisiana State University Press, 1997, pg. 48
  132. ^ edited by Jefferson Humphries, John Lowe, John W. Lowe, The Future of Southern Letters, Oxford University Press, 1997, pg. 92
  133. ^ Ward, Jesmyn (May 14, 2015). "Cracking the Code". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  134. ^ Harry Williams, T. (February 1995). P.G.T. Beauregard: Napoleon in Gray. ISBN 0807119741.
  135. ^ Eaton, Clement (2021). Kirwan, Albert D. (ed.). The Civilization of the Old South: Writings of Clement Eaton. UP of Kentucky. ISBN 9780813194493.
  136. ^ "The Right Way". May 14, 2004. Archived from the original on May 9, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  137. ^ "2017 Griot Award recipient Maj. Gen. Gary Cooper still inspires – Lagniappe Mobile". lagniappemobile.com. March 8, 2017. Archived from the original on March 12, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  138. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on September 3, 2006.
  139. ^ "JD News". Archived from the original on May 16, 2012. The Lejeune family, who are natives of Baton Rouge, La., prefer the French-Creole pronunciation and Brent said they "cringe" when they hear it pronounced otherwise.
  140. ^ Christophe Landry, A Creole Melting Pot: the Politics of Language, Race, and Identity in southwest Louisiana, 1918–45
  141. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on August 6, 2006.
  142. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on August 7, 2006.
  143. ^ James L. Newman, Encountering Gorillas: A Chronicle of Discovery, Exploitation, Understanding, and Survival, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2013, p. 23
  144. ^ "Weaponry: Le Mat – HistoryNet". June 12, 2006. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  145. ^ Garrett, Tracy (September 24, 2010). "LeMat Revolver – Pistol & Shotgun in One". Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  146. ^ "French Creoles". Archived from the original on April 19, 2006.
  147. ^ "Veronica Porsche [sic] Ali". French Creoles. Retrieved April 1, 2022.
  148. ^ "THE JOE NOBODY KNOWSLOTS TO TELL ABOUT PISTON WITH LITTLE TO SAY " Mitch Albom". mitchalbom.com. November 21, 2008. Archived from the original on March 15, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  149. ^ "THE PLAIN TRUTHTHERE'S MORE TO PISTONS' DUMARS THAN WHAT SHOWS ON THE SURFACE". Mitch Albom. November 21, 2008. Archived from the original on April 27, 2018. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  150. ^ Virginia R. Dominguez, White by Definition: Social Classification in Creole Louisiana, Rutgers University Press, 1986, pg. 159
  151. ^ Press, ed. (1989). "Folklife in the Florida Parishes". Louisiana Folklife Program, Division of the Arts, Office of Cultural Development, Department of Culture, Recreation, and Tourism. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
  152. ^ White, Beth, ed. (2016). The Magnolia Duchess (Gulf Coast Chronicles Book #3): A Novel. Revell. ISBN 9781493401666. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
  153. ^ "Excalibur Electronics". Archived from the original on February 24, 2008.
  154. ^ "Matthew & Xavier Paul – Brothers in baseball". International Magazine Kreol. January 20, 2017. Archived from the original on July 9, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  155. ^ "Regis Prograis Living Proof That, Yes, You Can Go Home Again". Tss.ib.tv. July 11, 2018. Retrieved January 25, 2020.
  156. ^ "Going Back to My Roots: The Odyssey of Regis "Rougarou" Prograis - Undisputed Champion Network". Archived from the original on July 15, 2018. Retrieved July 15, 2018.
  157. ^ Burgess, Phil. "Everything you always wanted to know about 'Snake' (but were afraid to ask)". NHRA. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  158. ^ "Answer Man: CC Sabathia talks imaginary friends, dots, Serena - Big League Stew - MLB Blog - Yahoo! Sports". Archived from the original on March 12, 2017. Retrieved September 3, 2017.
  159. ^ "Fanbase". Archived from the original on November 2, 2013. Paul Sentell now takes the Honor of Being the first Player of Color to play in the Major Leagues as he was a French Creole from Louisiana.
  160. ^ Cécile Accilien, Jessica Adams, Elmide Méléance, Ulrick Jean-Pierre, Revolutionary Freedoms: A History of Survival, Strength and Imagination in Haiti, Caribbean Studies Press, 2006, pp. 44–45
  161. ^ Sinnamon Love Archived January 17, 2016, at the Wayback Machine "grandfather was a Black German. The other was French Creole"
  162. ^ M.G. Houzeau, "A Land Called Louisiana, part II: Undermining Slavery from the Cypress Swamps" Archived September 7, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, rajinpelican.com. Retrieved September 2, 2016
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Louisiana_Creoles&oldid=1246487444"