List of Qing ambans in Tibet

From 1727 until 1912, roughly corresponding to the era of Tibet under Qing rule, the Qing Emperor appointed "imperial commissioner-resident of Tibet" (Chinese: 欽差駐藏辦事大臣). The official rank of the imperial resident is amban (Tibetan: བོད་བཞུགས་ཨམ་བན, Wylie: bod bzhugs am ban, colloquially "High Commissioner"). With increasing diplomatic contacts between the British and the Qing in from the 1890s, some assistant ambans (Chinese: 欽差駐藏幫辦大臣) were just as notable as the senior ambans. Two of them, Feng Quan and Zhao Erfeng, who were stationed in Chamdo, were both murdered, the former in the Batang uprising and the latter in Xinhai Revolution.

The residence of the Amban in Lhasa
The letter from Governor Wenshuo to Khadga Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana, Governor of Palpa in Nepal, 1887

List

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The ethnicity of several ambans are unknown. By ethnicity, of the 80 ambans, most were Manchu and four were Han: Zhou Ying, Bao Jinzhong, Meng Bao, and Zhao Erfeng. At least fifteen Mongols were known to have served as ambans, perhaps more.[1]

(H=Han, M=Mongol, ?=unknown, unmarked=Manchu)

  • Assistant: An Cheng 1900–1902 (Manchu)[2]
  • Assistant: Naqin 1902–1903 (Manchu)[2]
  • Assistant: Gui Lin 桂霖 1903–1904 (Manchu)[4]
  • General Zhong Ying 1912–1913[9][10]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b In 1904, when the British sent the Younghusband expedition to Lhasa, it is said that You Tai had not yet arrived, and Yugang continued running the office. Other assistant ambans, Naqin and Gui Lin had not arrived either.[2][3]

References

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  1. ^ Kolmaš 1994, pp. 461–465.
  2. ^ a b c Xiuyu Wang 2011, pp. 90–91.
  3. ^ Coleman 2002, p. 41.
  4. ^ Coleman 2014, pp. 211–212.
  5. ^ a b c Xiuyu Wang 2011, p. 91.
  6. ^ Hui Wang 2011, p. 167.
  7. ^ Ho 2008, p. 212.
  8. ^ Teichman, Eric (28 February 2019). Travels of a consular officer in eastern tibet. CUP Archive. p. 22. Retrieved 28 June 2011.
  9. ^ Mehra 1974, p. 124.
  10. ^ Ho 2008.
Sources