List of Roxy Music members

Roxy Music are an English rock band formed by in 1970 by singer Bryan Ferry and bassist Graham Simpson, who were soon joined by saxophonist Andy Mackay, synthesizer player Brian Eno, guitarist Roger Bunn and drummer Dexter Lloyd. By the time the band recorded their first album in 1972, Bunn and Lloyd had both departed, with drummer Paul Thompson (who joined in 1971) and guitarist Phil Manzanera (who joined just before recording began in 1972) alongside Ferry, Simpson, Mackay and Eno. The band split in 1976, reformed in 1978 and split again in 1983. Since 2001, Roxy Music has reformed several times for tours, but have not released any studio material since 1982's Avalon album. The band's current line-up, who last reunited in 2022, includes Ferry, Mackay, Thompson and Manzanera, augmented by backing musicians.

Roxy Music in 1973, 2006 and 2022.

History

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1970–1983

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In November 1970, Bryan Ferry, who had just lost his job teaching ceramics at a girls' school for holding impromptu record-listening sessions,[1] advertised for a keyboardist to collaborate with him and Graham Simpson, a bassist he knew from his Newcastle art-college band, the Gas Board. Andy Mackay replied to Ferry's advertisement, not as a keyboardist but a saxophonist and oboist, though he did have a EMS VCS 3 synthesizer. Mackay had already met Brian Eno during university days, as both were interested in avant-garde and electronic music. Although Eno was a non-musician, he could operate a synthesizer and owned a Revox reel-to-reel tape machine, so Mackay convinced him to join the band as a technical adviser. Before long, Eno was an official member of the group. Rounding out the original sextet were guitarist Roger Bunn (who had issued the well-regarded solo studio album Piece of Mind earlier in 1970)[2] and drummer Dexter Lloyd, a classically trained timpanist. In 1971, Roxy Music recorded a demo tape of some early compositions. In the spring of that year, Lloyd left the band, and an advertisement was placed in Melody Maker saying "wonder drummer wanted for an avant rock group".[3] Paul Thompson responded to the advertisement and joined the band in June 1971. Bunn left the group at the end of the summer of 1971, and in October, Roxy advertised in Melody Maker seeking the "Perfect Guitarist". The successful applicant was David O'List, former guitarist with the Nice.[4] Phil Manzanera—soon to become a group member—was one of about twenty other players who also auditioned. Although he did not initially make the band as a guitarist, the group were impressed enough with Manzanera that he was invited to become Roxy Music's roadie, an offer which he accepted. In December 1971, after a year of writing and rehearsing, Roxy Music began playing live, with their first show at the Friends of the Tate Gallery Christmas show in London.[5] In early February 1972, O'List quit the group abruptly after an altercation with Paul Thompson, which took place at their audition for David Enthoven of E.G. Management. When O'List did not show up for the next rehearsal, Manzanera was asked to come along on the pretext of becoming the band's sound mixer. When he arrived, he was invited to play guitar and quickly realised that it was an informal audition. Unbeknownst to the rest of the group, Manzanera had learned their entire repertoire and as a result, he was immediately hired as O'List's permanent replacement, joining on 14 February 1972.

E.G. Management financed the recording of the tracks for their debut album, Roxy Music, recorded in March–April 1972 and produced by King Crimson lyricist Peter Sinfield.[6] During the first half of 1972, bassist Graham Simpson became increasingly withdrawn and uncommunicative, which led to his leaving the band almost immediately after the recording of the debut album. He was replaced by Rik Kenton,[7] who was with the band until January 1973 before being replaced by John Porter.

For Your Pleasure, was released in March 1973. Soon after the tour to promote the album ended, Brian Eno left Roxy Music amidst increasing differences with Ferry.[8][9] He was replaced by 18-year-old multi-instrumentalist Eddie Jobson, formerly of progressive rockers Curved Air, who played keyboards and electric violin. John Porter also left at this time, and for the next few years, Roxy would undergo several more changes in bassist. The band's next three albums–Stranded (1973), Country Life (1974) and Siren (1975)– were recorded with John Gustafson (ex-Merseybeats and Quatermass) on bass, though the only time he played live with Roxy Music was during the first half of the Siren tour in 1975. Other Roxy bassists during this period were Sal Maida on the 1973/74 Stranded tour, John Wetton (ex-King Crimson and future Uriah Heep, U.K. and Asia member) on the 1974/75 Country Life tour, and Rick Wills (future Foreigner member) on the second half of the 1975/76 Siren tour. The Siren tour also saw the core sextet augmented by backing singers Doreen Chanter and Jacquie Sullivan, nicknamed "The Sirens". Roxy Music disbanded in June 1976. Their live album Viva! was released two months later. The album includes recordings from the tours with Maida, Wetton and Gustafson. Wills is also credited on the album, though no recordings from his time with the band are actually included. It has been speculated that he was credited for contributing to later studio overdubs on the album, although this has not been confirmed.[10]

Roxy Music reunited during 1978 to record a new studio album, Manifesto. The band was now a core quartet of Ferry, Mackay, Manzanera and Thompson, augmented both in the studio and on stage by various backing musicians. Bassists Alan Spenner and Gary Tibbs and keyboardist Paul Carrack (ex-Ace and future Squeeze and Mike and the Mechanics member) are the only external musicians credited on the album, although it later came to light that a number of other musicians also contributed to the sessions.[11] On the subsequent Manifesto tour, Tibbs and keyboardist Dave Skinner played alongside Ferry, Mackay, Manzanera and Thompson.

After the tour and before the recording of the next album, Flesh + Blood (1980), Thompson broke his thumb in a motorcycle mishap and took a leave from the band. After Ferry, Mackay and Manzanera completed the album with several session drummers, Thompson rejoined them, briefly, in the spring of 1980 and made some television appearances as part of the album's early promotion. By the time the Flesh + Blood tour properly began, Thompson had left again due to musical differences with Ferry.[12] Roxy continued as a core trio of Ferry, Mackay and Manzanera, augmented by a variety of musicians over the next few years including Alan Spenner, Gary Tibbs, Paul Carrack, drummer Andy Newmark and guitarist Neil Hubbard. Later, with more sombre and carefully sculpted soundscapes, the band's eighth—and final—studio album, Avalon (1982), was recorded at Chris Blackwell's Compass Point Studios. Ferry, Mackay and Manzanera toured extensively from August 1982 to May 1983,[13] with a backing band consisting of Newmark, Spenner, Hubbard, Jimmy Maelen (percussion), future Dire Straits member Guy Fletcher (keyboards) and Tawatha Agee, Michelle Cobbs and Fonzi Thornton (all backing vocals).[14] The Avalon tour was documented on the live albums The High Road, released in March 1983, and Heart Still Beating, released in October 1990. Roxy Music officially split after completion of the tour in May 1983.

Reunions

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Ferry, Manzanera, Mackay and Thompson re-formed in 2001 to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the band and toured extensively. Other musicians for their 2001 tour included Colin Good (piano), Zev Katz (bass), Julia Thornton (percussion, keyboards), Lucy Wilkins (keyboards, violin), Sarah Brown (backing vocals) and Chris Spedding (guitar).[15]

Their 2003 tour included returning musicians Good, Spedding and Thornton, along with Mark Smith (bass), Louise Peacock (violin, keyboards) and Michelle John and Sharon White (backing vocals).[16] Good, Spedding, Thornton and Peacock also stayed for their 2005 tour, alongside David Williams (guitar) Guy Pratt (bass) and Sarah Brown and Me'sha Bryan (backing vocals).[17] Only Pratt stayed into 2006, alongside Andy Newmark (Drums; replacing the ailing Thompson), Oliver Thompson (guitar), Leo Abrahams (guitar) and Me'sha Bryan and Joy Malcolm (backing vocals) and Louise Clare Marshall (backing vocals & keyboards).[18]

Roxy Music remained inactive until 2010 when they toured again with a band of Colin Good (piano and keyboards), Oliver Thompson (guitar), Sewuese Abwa Hannah Kemoh, Aleysha Lei (Gordon) (backing vocals), Anna Phobe (violin), Jerry Meehan (bass)[19] and for three dates, Andy Newmark (drums).[20] And again into 2011 with Colin Good (piano), Oliver Thompson (guitar), Jerry Meehan (bass), Sewuese Abwa (vocals), Aleysha Lei (Gordon) (vocals), Hannah Kemoh (vocals), Jorja Chalmers (keyboards & saxophone) and Tara Ferry (percussion).[21] In a Rolling Stone Magazine interview on 3 November 2014, Manzanera stated that Roxy had been inactive since 2011 and were unlikely to perform together again.[22] On 29 March 2019, Roxy Music were inducted to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, with Ferry, Mackay, Manzanera and Eddie Jobson performing a six-song set at the Barclays Center in Brooklyn, New York.[23] The band included Jorja Chalmers (saxophone & keyboards), Luke Bullen (drums),[24] Neil Jason (bass), Chris Spedding (guitar), Fonzi Thornton and Tawatha Agee (backing vocals);[25] all musicians (minus Bullen) had performed with the band in the past.

Roxy Music reformed in 2022 for a 50th anniversary tour of the United Kingdom and the United States to be held that autumn.[26] The band included Christian Gulino (musical director & keyboards), Tom Vanstiphout (guitar), Jorja Chalmers (sax & keys), Neil Jason (bass), Nathen 'Tugg' Curran (percussion), Chloe Beth Smith (keyboards) and Fonzi Thornton, Senab Adekunle and Phebe Edwards (backing vocals). For UK dates, Gulino was replaced by Richard Cardwell.[27]

Members

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Current line-up

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Image Name Years active Instruments Release contributions
Bryan Ferry
  • 1970–1976
  • 1978–1983
  • 2001–2011
  • 2019
  • 2022
  • vocals
  • keyboards
  • piano
  • harmonica
  • occasional guitar
all releases
Andy Mackay
  • saxophone
  • oboe
  • keyboards
  • backing vocals
Paul Thompson
  • 1971–1976
  • 1978–1979
  • 2001–2006
  • 2006–2011
  • 2022
drums all releases except Flesh and Blood (1980), "Jealous Guy" (1981), Avalon (1982), The High Road (1983) and Heart Still Beating (1990)
Phil Manzanera
  • 1972–1976
  • 1978–1983
  • 2001–2011
  • 2019
  • 2022
  • lead guitar
  • occasional backing vocals and bass
all releases

Former members

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Image Name Years active Instruments Release contributions
Brian Eno 1970–1973
  • synthesizer
  • "treatments"
  • backing vocals
Graham Simpson 1970–1972 (died 2012) bass
  • Roxy Music (1972)
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Dexter Lloyd 1970–1971 drums Roxy Music (1972) 40th anniversary deluxe reissue
Roger Bunn guitar
David O'List 1971–1972
Rik Kenton 1972–1973 bass
  • "Virginia Plain" (1972)
  • Roxy Music (1972) one track on North American release
  • Greatest Hits (1977) one track
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
John Porter 1973
  • "Pyjamarama" (1973)
  • For Your Pleasure (1973)
  • Greatest Hits (1977) three tracks
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Eddie Jobson
  • 1973–1976
  • 2019
  • keyboards
  • synthesizers
  • electric violin
  • backing vocals
John Gustafson
  • 1973
  • 1974
  • 1975 (died 2014)
bass
  • Stranded (1973)
  • Country Life (1974)
  • Siren (1975)
  • Viva! (1976) one track
  • Greatest Hits (1977) seven tracks
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Sal Maida 1973–1974
  • Viva! (1976) two tracks
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
John Wetton 1974–1975 (died 2017)
  • Viva! (1976) five tracks
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Rick Wills 1975–1976
  • Viva! (1976) possible but unconfirmed studio overdubs[28]
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)

Other contributors

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Image Name Years active Instruments Release contributions
Chris Laurence 1973 double bass Stranded (1973) one track
The London Welsh Male Voice Choir backing vocals Stranded (1973) one track
Doreen Chanter 1975
  • Viva! (1976) one track
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Jacquie Sullivan
Gary Tibbs 1978–1981
  • bass
  • backing vocals
  • Manifesto (1979) exact number of tracks unconfirmed
  • "Angel Eyes" (re-recorded single version 1979)
  • Flesh and Blood (1980) one track
  • "Jealous Guy" (1981)
  • On the Road (1990)
  • Concert Classics (1998)
  • Concerto (2001)
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Alan Spenner
  • 1978–1979
  • 1979–1980
  • 1981–1983 (died 1991)
bass
  • Manifesto (1979) exact number of tracks unconfirmed
  • Flesh and Blood (1980) five tracks
  • Avalon (1982) six tracks
  • The High Road (1983)
  • Heart Still Beating (1990)
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Rick Marotta
  • 1978–1979
  • 1981–1982
drums
  • Manifesto (1979) exact number of tracks unconfirmed
  • Avalon (1982) one track
Steve Ferrone 1978–1979 Manifesto (1979) exact number of tracks for all these musicians unconfirmed
Melissa Manchester backing vocals
Luther Vandross 1978–1979 (died 2005)
Richard Tee 1978–1979 (died 1993) piano
Paul Carrack
  • 1978–1979
  • 1979–1980
  • 1981–1982
  • keyboards
  • backing vocals
  • Manifesto (1979) exact number of tracks unconfirmed
  • "Angel Eyes" (re-recorded single version 1979)
  • Flesh and Blood (1980) two tracks
  • Avalon (1982) one track
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Dave Skinner
  • 1979
  • 1980–1981
  • "Jealous Guy" (1981)
  • On the Road (1990)
  • Concert Classics (1998)
  • Concerto (2001)
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Fiona Hibbert 1979 harp "Angel Eyes" (re-recorded single version 1979)
Neil Hubbard
  • 1979–1981
  • 1981–1983
guitar
  • Flesh and Blood (1980) six tracks
  • Avalon (1982) nine tracks
  • The High Road (1983)
  • Heart Still Beating (1990)
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Neil Jason
  • 1979–1980
  • 1981–1982
  • 2019
  • 2022
bass
  • Flesh and Blood (1980) three tracks
  • Avalon (1982) four tracks
Simon Phillips 1979–1980 percussion Flesh and Blood (1980) one track
Allan Schwartzberg
  • drums
  • percussion
Flesh and Blood (1980)
Andy Newmark
  • 1979–1980
  • 1981–1983
  • 2006
drums
  • Flesh and Blood (1980) two tracks
  • Avalon (1982) eight tracks
  • The High Road (1983)
  • Heart Still Beating (1990)
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Michael Dawe 1980–1981
  • "Jealous Guy" (1981)
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Jimmy Maelen 1981–1983 (died 1988) percussion
  • Avalon (1982) six tracks
  • The High Road (1983)
  • Heart Still Beating (1990)
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Kermit Moore 1981–1982 (died 2013) cello Avalon (1982) one track
Fonzi Thornton
  • 1981–1983
  • 2019
  • 2022
backing vocals
  • Avalon (1982) six tracks
  • The High Road (1983)
  • Heart Still Beating (1990)
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Yanick Étienne 1981–1982 (died 2022) Avalon (1982) one track
Tawatha Agee
  • 1982–1983
  • 2019
  • The High Road (1983)
  • Heart Still Beating (1990)
  • Total Recall: A History (1990)
Michelle Cobbs 1982–1983
Guy Fletcher
  • keyboards
  • backing vocals
Colin Good
  • 2001–2005
  • 2010–2011
  • piano
  • backing vocals
  • Live at the Apollo (2002)
  • Live (2003)
Chris Spedding
  • 2001–2005
  • 2019
guitar
Julia Thornton 2001–2005
  • percussion
  • keyboards
  • backing vocals
Zev Katz 2001 bass
Lucy Wilkins
  • violin
  • keyboards
  • backing vocals
Sarah Brown
  • 2001
  • 2005
backing vocals
Vicky Akpewrene 2001 (substitute) none
Louise Peacock 2003–2005
  • violin
  • keyboards
Mark Smith 2003 bass
Michelle John backing vocals
Sharon White
Guy Pratt 2005–2006 bass
Me'sha Bryan backing vocals
David Williams 2005 guitar
Oliver Thompson 2006–2011
Leo Abrahams 2006
Louise Clare Marshall
  • backing vocals
  • keyboards
Joy Malcolm backing vocals
Sewuese Abwa 2010–2011
Hannah Kemoh
Aleysha Lei (Gordon)
Jerry Meehan bass
Anna Phoebe 2010 violin
Jorja Chalmers
  • 2011
  • 2019
  • 2022
  • keyboards
  • saxophone
Tara Ferry 2011 percussion
Luke Bullen 2019 drums
Tom Vanstiphout 2022 guitar
Nathen 'Tugg' Curran percussion
Chloe Beth Smith keyboards
Senab Adekunle backing vocals
Phebe Edwards
Christian Gulino
  • keyboards
  • musical director
Richard Cardwell

Timeline

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Line-ups

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Period Members Releases
December 1970 – June 1971 none
July – September 1971
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Brian Eno - synthesizer
  • Graham Simpson - bass
  • Roger Bunn - guitar
  • Paul Thompson - drums
October 1971 – January 1972[29]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Brian Eno - synthesizer
  • Graham Simpson - bass
  • Paul Thompson - drums
  • David O'List - guitar
February – April 1972[29]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Brian Eno - synthesizer
  • Graham Simpson - bass
  • Paul Thompson - drums
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
May 1972 – January 1973[29]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Brian Eno - synthesizer
  • Paul Thompson - drums
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
  • Rik Kenton - bass
February – July 1973[29]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Brian Eno - synthesizer
  • Paul Thompson - drums
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
  • John Porter - bass
August – September 1973[29]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Paul Thompson - drums
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
  • Eddie Jobson - synthesizer, keyboards, violin
  • John Gustafson - bass
October 1973 – June 1974[29][30]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Paul Thompson - drums
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
  • Eddie Jobson - synthesizer, keyboards, violin
  • Sal Maida - bass
July – August 1974[29]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Paul Thompson - drums
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
  • Eddie Jobson - synthesizer, keyboards, violin
  • John Gustafson - bass
September 1974 – March 1975[29][31]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Paul Thompson - drums
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
  • Eddie Jobson - synthesizer, keyboards, violin
  • John Wetton - bass
  • Viva! (1976) (5 tracks)
April – December 1975[29]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Paul Thompson - drums
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
  • Eddie Jobson - synthesizer, keyboards, violin
  • John Gustafson - bass
  • Siren (1975)
  • Viva! (1976) (1 track)
January – July 1976[29]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Paul Thompson - drums
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
  • Eddie Jobson - synthesizer, keyboards, violin
  • Rick Wills - bass
  • Viva! (1976) (possible but unconfirmed studio overdubs)[32]
Band inactive August 1976 – October 1978[29]
November 1978 – December 1979[29]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Paul Thompson - drums
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
January 1980 – May 1983[29]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
Band inactive June 1983 – January 2001[29]
February 2001 – March 2011[29]
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
  • Paul Thompson - drums
Band inactive April 2011 – March 2019[29]
April 2019: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
  • Eddie Jobson - synthesizer, keyboards, violin

Note: Paul Thompson, Brian Eno and Graham Simpson were also inducted. Simpson died in 2012, while Thompson and Eno were unable to attend.

none
Band inactive May 2019 – August 2022
September 2022 – present
  • Bryan Ferry - vocals, keyboards
  • Andy Mackay - oboe, saxophone
  • Phil Manzanera - guitar
  • Paul Thompson - drums
none

References

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  1. ^ "Bryan Ferry and Roxy Music Chronology". RoxyRama. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
  2. ^ "Roger Bunn - Biography & History - AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  3. ^ "Paul Thompson Biography". Roxyrama.com. Archived from the original on 6 January 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  4. ^ Ingham, Jonh (25 September 2013). "Roxy Music: 'Being big is the only way in rock' – a classic interview from the vaults". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  5. ^ "Roxy Music Chronology".
  6. ^ Chapman, Rob (December 1995). "Roxy Music: They Came From Planet Bacofoil". Rob-chapman.com. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  7. ^ Michael Bracewell, Roxy: The band that invented an era (Faber and Faber, 2007, ISBN 978-0-571-22986-4) p. 376
  8. ^ "Phonograph Record: Eno Music: The Roxy Rebellion". Music.hyperreal.org. 1 June 1974. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  9. ^ "Eno Left Roxy Music to do His Laundry". Contactmusic.com. Retrieved 22 July 2010.
  10. ^ "Rick Wills".
  11. ^ "Manifesto".
  12. ^ "Interview: Roxy Music's Paul Thompson". nechronicle. 6 February 2009.
  13. ^ "Viva Roxy Music".
  14. ^ The High Road (liner notes). Polydor Records. 1983. 2335 269.
  15. ^ "Roxy Music - Tours - on VivaRoxyMusic.com". www.vivaroxymusic.com. Retrieved 2023-09-03.
  16. ^ "Roxy Music - Tours - on VivaRoxyMusic.com". www.vivaroxymusic.com. Retrieved 2023-09-03.
  17. ^ "Roxy Music - Tours - on VivaRoxyMusic.com". www.vivaroxymusic.com. Retrieved 2023-09-03.
  18. ^ "Roxy Music - Tours - on VivaRoxyMusic.com". www.vivaroxymusic.com. Retrieved 2023-09-03.
  19. ^ "Roxy Music - Tours - on VivaRoxyMusic.com". www.vivaroxymusic.com. Retrieved 2023-09-03.
  20. ^ "TGPT Bounces Back For Bestival – 11 Sep 2010 – Bryan Ferry & Roxy Music News". Roxyrama.com. 11 September 2010. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  21. ^ "Roxy Music - Tours - on VivaRoxyMusic.com". www.vivaroxymusic.com. Retrieved 2023-09-03.
  22. ^ Greene, Andy (3 November 2014). "Roxy Music Break Up". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 3 November 2014.
  23. ^ Kreps, Daniel; Grow, Kory (30 March 2019). "See Roxy Music Reunite for Rock Hall Induction Ceremony Performance". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
  24. ^ "This popped up in memories today. 3 years ago! Playing with Roxy Music for their induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of fame in 2019. Such a great... | By Luke Bullen | Facebook". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 2023-09-03.
  25. ^ "Valedictory Night at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame". Manzanera.com. 2019-04-04. Retrieved 2023-09-03.
  26. ^ "Roxy Music announce 2022 UK and North American tour, their first gigs in over a decade". NME. 2022-03-28. Retrieved 2022-03-28.
  27. ^ "Roxy Music - Tours - on VivaRoxyMusic.com". www.vivaroxymusic.com. Retrieved 2023-09-03.
  28. ^ "Rick Wills".
  29. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Roxy Music chronology".
  30. ^ "Sal Maida".
  31. ^ "Country Life tour".
  32. ^ "Rick Wills".