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The Soviet Union maintained a system of foreign military bases against the United States during the Cold War.[1]
Army bases
editAt different times, various Soviet Army contingents were deployed in different regions of the world:
- In Eastern Europe:
- Northern Group of Forces (Poland)
- Central Group of Forces (Austria, Hungary and Czechoslovakia)
- Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (German Democratic Republic)
- Southern Group of Forces (Romania and Hungary)
- Special Corps (Hungary; 1955–1957)
- Separate Mechanized Army (Romania; 1947–1958)
- North-West Group of Forces in the Baltic republics of the USSR (15 November 1991 until the collapse of the USSR)
- Limited Contingent of Soviet Troops in Afghanistan (The 40th Army under the command of the Turkestan Military District; 1979–1989)
- Soviet Forces in Mongolia (under the command of the Transbaikal Military District)
- 39th Army in China (1945)
- Group of Soviet Military Specialists in China (1948–1961)
- Group of Soviet Military Specialists in Cuba
- Group of Soviet Military Specialists in Vietnam (1961–1991)
Naval bases
editLocation | Country | Dates | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Hanko Naval Base | Finland | 1940–1941 | Signals intelligence facility. |
Alexandria and Marsa Matruh | Egypt | 1967–1972 | |
Latakia and Tartus | Syria | 1971–present | |
Nokra, Dahlak Archipelago | Ethiopia | 1977–1991 | |
Socotra and Aden | South Yemen | 1971–late 1980s | [2][3][4] |
Tripoli and Tobruk | Libya | 1977–2011 | |
Tivat | Yugoslavia | Limited pre-announced shipyard access only.[5] | |
Port Arthur, Bohai Bay | China | 1945–1956 | It was the largest Soviet base abroad in the 1940s to 1950s. |
Cam Ranh Base | Vietnam | 1979–2002 | |
Pasha Liman Base, Vlore | Albania | 1955–1962 | It was the only Soviet base in the Mediterranean in the 1950s.[6] |
Porkkala Naval Base | Finland | 1944–1956 | Signals intelligence facility. |
Rostock | East Germany | 1949–1990 | Signals intelligence facility. |
Swinoujscie | Poland | 1949—1991 | Signals intelligence facility. |
Hodeidah | South Yemen |
Air force
editLocation | Country | Notes |
---|---|---|
Cairo, Aswan, Mersa Matruh Airfields | Egypt | |
Asmara airfield | Ethiopia | |
Hargeisa | Somalia | |
Aden, Al Anad Air Base | South Yemen | |
Tuchengzi Air Base and Dalian Zhoushuizi in Dalian, Jiangwan, Dachang, Longhua air bases in Shanghai | China | 1945–1956, 1949–1953 |
Havana | Cuba | |
Conakry | Guinea | |
Luanda | Angola | |
Cam Ranh Base | Vietnam | 1979–2002 |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Независимая газета. В. Соловьев. В. Иванов. Военно-базовая удавка
- ^ "32. South Yemen (1967-1990)". uca.edu. Retrieved 2022-05-21.
- ^ "Soviets bolster an Arab ally. Military buildup in South Yemen worries US officials". Christian Science Monitor. 1988-03-11. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved 2022-05-21.
- ^ Cohen, Saul Bernard (2003). Geopolitics of the World System. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-8476-9907-0.
- ^ Bases Abroad: The Global Foreign Military Presence - By Robert E. Harkavy, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
- ^ Gordon H. McCormick (1987). "The Soviet Presence in the Mediterranean" (PDF).