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List of ambassadors of China to Russia

This is a list of ambassadors appointed by the Chinese government to represent it to the Soviet and Russian governments. Since China sent its first representative to Russia in 1878 under the Qing Dynasty, the government of both countries have changed multiple times through revolution, collapse of the previous state and civil war. This list does not include representatives of the Republic of China, commonly known as Taiwan, to Russia after its official relations with the Soviet Union ended on October 2, 1949.

Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People’s Republic of China to the Russian Federation
中华人民共和国驻俄罗斯联邦特命全权大使
Emblem of the People's Republic of China
Incumbent
Zhang Hanhui
since 12 September 2019
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
ResidenceMoscow
NominatorStanding Committee of the National People's Congress
AppointerPresident of China
WebsiteEmbassy of China in Russia

The current iteration of the post is Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People’s Republic of China to the Russian Federation. Zhang Hanhui has held the post of Chinese ambassador to Russia since he presented his letter of credence to Russian President Vladimir Putin on February 5, 2020.

Envoys of the Qing Empire to the Russian Empire (1878–1912)

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The Qing Empire began to send an Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Russia in 1878.[1][2] Chonghou, the first envoy, left Russia for China without permission and was replaced by Shao Yu-lien, who was consul at the Chinese embassy in Russia.[3] On February 17, 1902, Yang Yu became the only Qing envoy to Russia to have died in office. China appointed Luo Fenglu to become its envoy on August 29, 1901, but the appointment was rejected by Russia.

No.[a] Portrait Name Title Appointment Arrival Presentation Termination Departure
1   Chonghou
(崇厚) 		Envoy June 22, 1878[3] December 31, 1878[3] January 20, 1879[3] January 17, 1880[4]: 211  October 11, 1879[3][4]: 210 
Ambassador August 19, 1878[3]
Shao Yu-lien
(邵友濂) 		Chargé d'affaires ad interim October 22, 1879[3] October 22, 1879[3] July 30, 1880[3]
2   Tseng Chi-tse
(曾紀澤) 		Envoy February 12, 1880[3] July 30, 1880[3] August 22, 1880[3] August 17, 1886[3]
3 Liu Jui-fen
(劉瑞芬) 		Envoy July 27, 1885[3] August 17, 1886[3] August 29, 1886[3] January 4, 1888[3]
4   Hung Chun
(洪鈞) 		Envoy June 23, 1887[3] January 4, 1888[3] February 25, 1891[3]
5   Hsu Ching-cheng
(許景澄) 		Envoy September 9, 1890[3] February 23, 1891[3] March 2, 1891[3] December 30, 1896[3] May 28, 1897
6 Yang Yu
(楊儒) 		Envoy November 23, 1896[3] February 17, 1902[3] Died in office
7   Hu Weide
(胡惟德) 		Chargé d'affaires ad interim February 20, 1902[5] February 20, 1902[5] July 12, 1902[5]
Envoy July 12, 1902[5] July 12, 1902[5] January 14, 1903[5] October 7, 1907[5]
  Liu Ching-jen
(劉鏡人) 		Chargé d'affaires ad interim October 7, 1907[5] January 26, 1908[5]
8 Sayintu
(薩蔭圖) 		Envoy September 23, 1907[5] January 26, 1908[5] February 4, 1908[5] September 14, 1909[5]
Tang Zaifu
(唐在復) 		Chargé d'affaires ad interim September 22, 1911[5] November 21, 1911[5]
9   Lou Tseng-tsiang
(陸徵祥) 		Envoy September 6, 1911[5] November 21, 1911[5] Did not present February 1912

Envoys of the Republic of China to the Russian Empire (1912–1918)

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The Republic of China was established in 1912. The Russian Empire recognized the Republic of China on October 6, 1913, and the Lou Tseng-tsiang continued his role as the envoy to Russia for the new republic. After the October Revolution, China's mission to Russia was withdrawn in February 1918, and diplomatic relations were halted.

No. Portrait Name Title Appointment Arrival Presentation Termination Departure
1   Lou Tseng-tsiang
(陸徵祥) 		Representative February 1912 March 30, 1912[5]
Zheng Yanxi
(鄭延禧) 		Chargé d'affaires ad interim April 1912[5] November 4, 1912[5]
2   Liu Ching-jen
(劉鏡人) 		Envoy September 16, 1912[5] November 4, 1912[5] February 26, 1918[5]

Representative of the Republic of China to the Soviet Union (1923–1949)

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Under the Beiyang government, China established a representative office in the Soviet Union in October 1923. On May 31, 1924, diplomatic relations were restored.

No. Portrait Name Title Appointment Arrival Presentation Termination Departure
1 Li Jiaao
(李家鏊) 		Envoy October 6, 1923 February 6, 1924 August 29, 1925 November 13, 1925
2   Sun Baoqi
(孫寶琦) 		Ambassador August 30, 1925 Did not arrive
Zheng Yanxi
(鄭延禧) 		Chargé d'affaires ad interim August 18, 1925 November 13, 1925 October 27, 1928
Liao Shigong
(廖世功) 		Chargé d'affaires ad interim October 27, 1928 November 5, 1928 April 1, 1929
Zhu Shaoyang
(朱紹陽) 		Chargé d'affaires ad interim March 30, 1929 April 1, 1929 May 3, 1929
Xia Weisong
(夏維崧) 		Chargé d'affaires ad interim April 20, 1929 May 3, 1929 July 24, 1929
The Beiyang government collapsed in 1928 after the Northern Expedition and replaced by the Nationalist government in Nanjing. The Soviet Union broke ties with China on July 23, 1929 and relations were not restored until December 12, 1932.
3   Yan Huiqing
(顏惠慶) 		Ambassador January 6, 1933 March 8, 1933 March 9, 1933 August 26, 1936 March 23, 1936
Wu Nanru
(吳南如) 		Chargé d'affaires ad interim March 23, 1936 November 7, 1936
4   Tsiang Tingfu
(蔣廷黼) 		Ambassador August 26, 1936 November 7, 1936 November 11, 1936 May 12, 1938 January 18, 1938
Yu Ming
(余銘) 		Chargé d'affaires ad interim December 23, 1937 January 18, 1938 June 1, 1938
5   Yang Jie
(楊杰) 		Ambassador May 12, 1938 June 1, 1938 September 4, 1938 April 18, 1940 January 13, 1940
6   Shao Lizi
(邵力子) 		Ambassador April 18, 1940 June 7, 1940 June 11, 1940 January 15, 1943 October 27, 1942
7 Fu Bingchang
(傅秉常) 		Ambassador January 15, 1943 February 24, 1943 March 8, 1943 October 11, 1949

Ambassadors of the People's Republic of China to the Soviet Union (1949–1991)

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No. Portrait Name Tenure begins Tenure ends
1   Wang Jiaxiang
(王稼祥) 		October 4, 1949 February 1951
2   Zhang Wentian
(张闻天) 		March 21, 1951 January 1955
3   Liu Xiao
(刘晓) 		January 13, 1955 October 24, 1962
4   Pan Zili
(潘自力) 		November 23, 1962 May 1966
5 Zhang Dequn
(张德群) 		May 1966 1966
6 An Zhiyuan
(安致远) 		1966 November 1970
7 Liu Xinquan
(刘新权) 		November 1970 March 2, 1976
8   Li Yaowen
(李耀文) 		March 1976 April 1977
9 Wang Youping
(王幼平) 		August 1977 July 1979
10 Yang Shouzheng
(杨守正) 		April 1980 January 22, 1985
11 Li Zewang
(李则望) 		February 1985 July 1987
12 Yu Hongliang
(于洪亮) 		August 13, 1987 November 1991
13 Wang Jinqing
(王荩卿) 		November 6, 1991 December 27, 1991

Ambassadors to Russia (since 1991)

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The Chinese foreign ministry declared recognized the Russian Federation on December 27, 1991 after the dissolution of the Soviet Union two days before. Wang Jinqing, who had been Ambassador to the Soviet Union, was appointed the first Chinese ambassador to post-Soviet Russia.

No. Portrait Name Title Appointment Arrival Presentation Termination Departure
1 Wang Jinqing
(王荩卿) 		Ambassador December 27, 1991 December 5, 1991 February 4, 1992 June 19, 1995 June 1995
2 Li Fenglin
(李凤林) 		Ambassador June 19, 1995 June 1995 September 17, 1998 September 1998
3 Wu Tao
(武韬) 		Ambassador September 17, 1998 September 1998 December 15, 1998 August 8, 2001 July 2001
4 Zhang Deguang
(张德广) 		Ambassador August 8, 2001[6] July 2001 August 27, 2001 November 18, 2003 October 2003[7]
5 Liu Guchang
(刘古昌) 		Ambassador November 18, 2003[8] November 14, 2003 January 22, 2004 August 13, 2009[9] July 2009
6   Li Hui
(李辉) 		Ambassador August 13, 2009[9] August 28, 2009 December 16, 2009 September 12, 2019[10] August 1, 2019[11]
7   Zhang Hanhui
(张汉晖) 		Ambassador September 12, 2019[10] August 10, 2019[12] February 5, 2020[13] Incumbent

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Acting envoys are not numbered.

References

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  1. ^ Denby, Charles (December 4, 1886). "Mr. Denby to Mr. Bayard". Office of the Historian. Office of the Historian. Retrieved June 26, 2023.
  2. ^ 中国第一历史档案馆. Qingji zhongwai shiling nianbiao 清季中外使领年表 [Annals of Envoys of Qing China] (in Simplified Chinese). Zhonghua Book Company. ISBN 9787101015270.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 外交部檔案子資訊處 (1989). Zhongguo zhuwai ge gongda shiguan liren guanzhang xianming nianbiao 中國駐外各公大使館歷任館長銜名年表 [Chronology of titles and names of successive heads of Chinese embassies abroad] (in Traditional Chinese) (Revised ed.). Taiwan Commercial Press. p. 146.
  4. ^ a b Hummel, Arthur William, ed. (1943). Eminent Chinese Of The Ch'ing Period (1644-1912). Vol. 1. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w 外交部檔案子資訊處 (1989). Zhongguo zhuwai ge gongda shiguan liren guanzhang xianming nianbiao 中國駐外各公大使館歷任館長銜名年表 [Chronology of titles and names of successive heads of Chinese embassies abroad] (in Traditional Chinese) (Revised ed.). Taiwan Commercial Press. p. 147.
  6. ^ "Jiang Zemin Zhuxi renmian zhu'e, ri dengguo dashi" 江泽民主席任免驻俄、日等国大使 [President Jiang Zemin appoints and dismisses ambassadors to Russia, Japan and other countries]. Xinhuanet (in Simplified Chinese). August 9, 2001. Archived from the original on February 24, 2002. Retrieved April 1, 2023.
  7. ^ "Zhu'e dashi Zhang Deguang juxing liren zhaodaihui" 驻俄大使张德广举行离任招待会 [Ambassador to Russia Zhang Deguang holds a farewell reception]. Embassy of the People's Republic of China to the Russian Federation (in Simplified Chinese). October 20, 2003. Archived from the original on December 15, 2018. Retrieved December 15, 2018.
  8. ^ "Guojia Zhuxi Hu Jintao renmian zhuwai dashi Liu Guchang wei zhu'e quanquan dashi" 国家主席胡锦涛任免驻外大使 刘古昌为驻俄全权大使 [President Hu Jintao appoints and dismisses foreign diplomats, Liu Guchang becomes Ambassador to Russia]. Xinhuanet (in Simplified Chinese). November 18, 2003. Archived from the original on July 10, 2004. Retrieved April 1, 2023.
  9. ^ a b "Shouquan fabu: Guojia zhuxi Hu Jintao renmian zhuwai dashi" 授权发布：国家主席胡锦涛任免驻外大使 [Authorized announcement: President Hu Jintao appoints and dismisses foreign diplomats]. Xinhuanet (in Simplified Chinese). August 13, 2009. Archived from the original on August 16, 2009. Retrieved April 1, 2023.
  10. ^ a b "Guojia Zhuxi Xi Jinping renmian zhuwai dashi" 国家主席习近平任免驻外大使 [President Xi Jinping appoints and dismisses foreign diplomats]. Xinhuanet (in Simplified Chinese). September 12, 2019. Archived from the original on October 27, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2023.
  11. ^ "E'luosi Gongchandang Zhongyang Weiyuanhui wei zhu'e dashi Li Hui juxing songxing wanyan" 俄罗斯共产党中央委员会为驻俄大使李辉举行送行晚宴 [Central Committee of the Communist Party of Russia holds farewell dinner for Ambassador to Russia Li Hui] (in Simplified Chinese). Embassy of the People's Republic of China to the Russian Federation. August 1, 2019. Archived from the original on April 1, 2023. Retrieved April 1, 2023.
  12. ^ "New Chinese ambassador arrives in Moscow". TASS. August 10, 2019. Archived from the original on September 22, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
  13. ^ "Presentation of foreign ambassadors' letters of credence" (Press release). The Kremlin. February 5, 2020. Archived from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved June 22, 2023.
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