Poland and Germany have been in many armed conflicts against each other. These include conflicts such as Polish–Teutonic Wars, Silesian Uprisings and World War II. This does include Polish and German intervention in wars such as the Lithuanian Civil War or the Polish–Ukrainian conflict.
Polish or Polish–Lithuanian victory
German, Brandenburger, Teutonic or Prussian victory
Another result (Result unknown or indecisive, Status quo ante bellum, treaty or peace without a clear result or an internal conflict inside Poland or Germany in which the other intervened)
Civitas Schinesghe against the Holy Roman Empire (972–1018)
edit
Kingdom of Poland against the Holy Roman Empire (1028–1348)
edit| Year | Conflict | Polish side | German side | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1028–1031 | German–Polish War[9]
Part of the German-Polish Wars Location: Lusatia, Moravia, Saxony, Poland, Red Ruthenia |
 Kingdom of Poland
|
 Holy Roman Empire
Kievan Rus' (from 1030)
|
German–Rus' victory[9] |
| 1109 | Henry V's expedition to Poland[10]
Part of the German-Polish Wars Location: Oder River, Silesia |
Kingdom of Poland
|
Holy Roman Empire
|
Polish victory[11] |
| 1157 | Frederick I's expedition to Głogów[12]
Part of the German-Polish Wars Location: Głogów, Poznań, Greater Poland |
Kingdom of Poland
|
Holy Roman Empire
|
German victory[13]
|
| 1345–1348 | Polish–Bohemian War[14]
Location: Silesia, Lesser Poland |
 Kingdom of Poland
|
 Kingdom of Bohemia
|
Inconclusive[15]
|
Kingdom of Poland against the Margraviate of Brandenburg (1209–1427)
edit_(cropped).jpg)
Kingdom of Poland against the Teutonic Order (1308–1521)
edit
.jpg)
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against Prussia (1794)
edit| Year | Conflict | Polish side | German side | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1794 | Kościuszko Uprising[56]
Part of the Partitions of Poland and Polish-Russian Wars Location: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Prussian Partition (Greater Poland and Kuyavia), Russian Partition |
 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
|
 Russian Empire
|
Prussian–Russian victory[57]
|
Duchy of Warsaw against Prussia (1806–1815)
edit| Year | Conflict | Polish side | German side | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1806 | Greater Poland Uprising[58]
Part of the War of the Fourth Coalition Location: Greater Poland |
 First French Empire
|
 Kingdom of Prussia
|
Franco–Polish victory[59]
|
| 1812–1814 | War of the Sixth Coalition[60]
Part of the Napoleonic Wars and Coalition Wars Location: Central and Eastern Europe, the Low Countries, France |
Original coalition
After the Armistice of Pläswitz After the Battle of Leipzig After 20 November 1813 After January 1814 |
France
Until January 1814
Co-belligerent:
|
Coalition victory[61]
|
Polish insurgents against Prussia (1848)
edit| Year | Conflict | Polish side | German side | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1848 | Greater Poland Uprising[62]
Part of the Revolutions of 1848 Location: Prussian Partition (Grand Duchy of Posen and former West Prussia), Silesia |
Polish independence movement | Prussia
|
Prussian victory[63]
|
Second Polish Republic against Weimar Republic (1918–1921)
edit| Year | Conflict | Polish side | German side | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1918–1919 | Greater Poland Uprising[64]
Part of the Aftermath of World War I Location: Greater Poland |
 Polish insurgents
|
 Weimar Republic
|
Polish victory[65]
|
| 1919 | First Silesian Uprising[66]
Part of the Aftermath of World War I and Silesian Uprisings Location: Parts of Upper Silesia |
Polish insurgents
|
Weimar Republic
|
German victory[67]
|
| 1920 | Second Silesian Uprising[66]
Part of the Aftermath of World War I and Silesian Uprisings Location: Upper Silesia |
Polish insurgents
|
Weimar Republic
|
Polish victory[68] |
| 1921 | Third Silesian Uprising[66]
Part of the Aftermath of World War I and Silesian Uprisings Location: Upper Silesia.jpg) |
Polish insurgents
|
Weimar Republic
|
League of Nations forces a ceasefire[69] |
Polish Underground State against Nazi Germany (1939–1945)
edit| Year | Conflict | Polish side | German side | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1939 | Invasion of Poland[70]
Part of the European theatre of World War II Location: Second Polish Republic, eastern Germany, Free City of Danzig (modern-day Gdańsk) |
Second Polish Republic
|
 Nazi Germany
|
German–Soviet–Slovak victory[71]
|
| 1939–1945 | World War II[72]Location: |
Allies of World War II
Including: |
Axis powers
Including: |
Allied victory[73]
|
Communist Poland against Nazi Germany (1939–1947)
edit| Year | Conflict | Polish side | German side | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1939–1947 | Polish–Ukrainian conflict[74]
Part of World War II and the Cold War Location: Lublin Voivodeship, Lwów Voivodeship, Rzeszów Voivodeship |
 Polish Underground State
After 1944: |
Ukrainian Insurgent Army
|
Polish victory[75][76][77]
|
References
edit- ^ Vogenbeck, Bernd; Institut für Angewandte Geschichte, eds. (2008). Terra Transoderana: zwischen Neumark und Ziemia Lubuska. Almanach - europäische Grenzregionen neu entdecken. Berlin: Be.bra Wissenschaft Verl. ISBN 978-3-937233-50-5.
- ^ "THIETMARI CHRONICON". Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 17 July 2011.
- ^ Janicki, Kamil (2021-01-02). "Pierwsza inwazja Niemców na Polskę w dziejach. Najeźdźcy postarali się, by nikt o niej nie pamiętał". WielkaHistoria (in Polish). Retrieved 2024-02-29.
- ^ Labuda, Gerard (2002). Mieszko I. Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich--Wydawn. ISBN 978-83-04-04619-1. OCLC 51531686.
- ^ Reuter, Timothy, ed. (2014). The new Cambridge medieval history. 3: C. 900 - c. 1024 / ed. by Timothy Reuter (5. print ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr. ISBN 978-0-521-36447-8.
- ^ Reuter, Timothy, ed. (2014). The new Cambridge medieval history. 3: C. 900 - c. 1024 / ed. by Timothy Reuter (5. print ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr. p. 262. ISBN 978-0-521-36447-8.
- ^ a b Achremczyk, Stanisław; Markiewicz, Henryk; Polska Akademia Nauk, eds. (1993). Polski słownik biograficzny. T. 34: Rząśnicki Adolf - Sapieha Jan. Wrocław [etc.]: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich - Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk. p. 251. ISBN 978-83-04-00148-0.
- ^ a b Zakrzewski, Stanisław (2006). Bolesław Chrobry Wielki (Universitas ed.). pp. 285, 288–289.
- ^ a b "Mieszko II Lambert". zamki.name.
- ^ Kosto, Adam J. (2012). Hostages in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-965170-2. OCLC 778325914.
- ^ Topolski, Jerzy (1986). An outline history of Poland. Warsaw: Interpress Publ. ISBN 978-83-223-2118-8.
- ^ "Fryderyk I Barbarossa". zamki.name. Retrieved 2024-02-10.
- ^ Biniaś-Szkopek, Magdalena (2009). Bolesław IV Kędzierzawy - książę Mazowsza i princeps. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Poznańskie. ISBN 978-83-7177-603-8.
- ^ Kurtyka, Janusz (1997). Tęczyńscy: studium z dziejów polskiej elity możnowładczej w średniowieczu. Kraków: Secesja. pp. 156, 164. ISBN 978-83-86077-83-0.
- ^ Rogers, Clifford J., ed. (2010). The Oxford encyclopedia of medieval warfare and military technology. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 288. ISBN 978-0-19-533403-6.
- ^ a b "Bitwa pod Lubuszem 1209". zamki.name.
- ^ Henryk I Brodaty
- ^ "Walka o tron krakowski po śmierci Leszka Białego w 1227 r." historia.interia.pl (in Polish).
- ^ "O tym jak Niemcy klucz do Polski zdobyć próbowali czyli Henryk Pobożny Lubusz ratuje". Chwała Zapomniana (in Polish). 2018-10-29.
- ^ Zientara, Benedykt (1975). Henryk Brodaty i jego czasy [Henryk Brodaty and his times] (in Polish). pp. 391–392.
- ^ a b Zygmunt Boras (1983) Książęta Piastowscy Wielkopolski wyd. Poznańskie, p. 153-154
- ^ a b Aleksander Świeżawski (2006) Przemysł – król Polski wyd. DiG, p. 48; 100.
- ^ a b Błażej Śliwiński. (1988) Dowódcy grodu gdańskiego z 1308 roku. Z badań nad orientacjami politycznymi rycerstwa pomorskiego. „Zapiski Historyczne”. (1–2), p. 8–20,
- ^ a b Marian Biskup (1993) : Wojny Polski z zakonem krzyżackim (1308–1521). Gdańsk: Marpress, p. 358. ISBN 978-83-85349-08-2.
- ^ Rowell, S. C. (1994). Lithuania ascending: a pagan empire within east-central Europe, 1295-1345. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. Cambridge [England]; New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-521-45011-9.
- ^ a b Decker, Leon (1988). "OCLC-To-Go: The Portable OCLC, Crosstalk, and Other Miscellany". OCLC Micro. 4 (3): 38–41. doi:10.1108/eb055894. ISSN 8756-5196.
- ^ Rowell, Stephen C. (2011). Lithuania ascending: a pagan empire within east-central Europe, 1295 - 1345. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought (Transferred to digital print., [Nachdr.] ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-521-45011-9.
- ^ a b Rymar, Edward. Wojny i spory pomorsko-brandenburskie w XV-XVI wieku.
- ^ a b c Szymański, J. W. Książęcy ród Gryfitów. p. 338.
- ^ "History of the City Gdańsk - Gdańsk - en". 2012-10-17. Archived from the original on 2012-10-17.
- ^ Halina, Wątróbska (2003). "Holländische Spuren in der Danziger Geschichte". pp. 369–400.
- ^ Jurek, Tomasz (1999). Dzieje średniowieczne: 1 - podręcznik dla klasy pierwszej szkół średnich. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne. ISBN 978-83-02-07370-0.
- ^ The Cambridge History of Poland. CUP Archive. pp. 170–172. ISBN 978-1-001-28802-4.
- ^ a b Kiaupa, Zigmantas; Kiaupienė, Jūratė; Kuncevičius, Albinas (2000). The history of Lithuania before 1795. Lietuvos Istorijos institutas (Lietuvos Mokslų akademija). Vilnius: Arlila. pp. 131–132. ISBN 978-9986-810-13-1.
- ^ Urban, William L. (2003). Tannenberg and after: Lithuania, Poland, and the Teutonic Order in search of immortality. Chicago: Lithuanian Research and Studies Center. pp. 1–50. ISBN 978-0-929700-25-0.
- ^ Turnbull, Stephen R.; Hook, Richard (2003). Tannenberg 1410: disaster for the Teutonic Knights. Campaign. Oxford: Osprey. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-84176-561-7. OCLC 51779463.
- ^ a b Christiansen, Eric (1997). The northern Crusades. London, England; New York, N.Y., USA: Penguin. pp. 228, 230–231. ISBN 978-0-14-026653-5.
- ^ Kiaupa, Zigmantas; Kiaupienė, Jūratė; Kuncevičius, Albinas (2000). The history of Lithuania before 1795. Lietuvos istorijos institutas. Vilnius: Lithuanian Institute of history. pp. 142–143. ISBN 978-9986-810-13-1.
- ^ Baczkowski, K. Dzieje Polski późnośredniowiecznej 1370-1506. p. 116.
- ^ Ptak, Jan (2018-12-30). ""Jest czas wojny i czas pokoju…" W jakich porach roku prowadzono najczęściej działania wojenne w Polsce średniowiecznej?". Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica (in Polish) (102): 25. doi:10.18778/0208-6050.102.02. hdl:11089/27389. ISSN 2450-6990.
- ^ Turnbull, Stephen R.; Hook, Richard (2003). Tannenberg 1410: disaster for the Teutonic Knights. Campaign. Oxford: Osprey. p. 83. ISBN 978-1-84176-561-7. OCLC 51779463.
- ^ Christiansen, Eric (1997). The northern Crusades. London, England; New York, N.Y., USA: Penguin. p. 242. ISBN 978-0-14-026653-5.
- ^ Urban, William L. (2003). Tannenberg and after: Lithuania, Poland, and the Teutonic Order in search of immortality (Revised ed.). Chicago: Lithuanian Research and Studies Center. pp. 306–308. ISBN 978-0-929700-25-0.
- ^ Urban, William L. (2003). Tannenberg and after: Lithuania, Poland, and the Teutonic Order in search of immortality (Revised ed.). Chicago: Lithuanian Research and Studies Center. p. 311. ISBN 978-0-929700-25-0.
- ^ Rowell, S. C. (1994). Lithuania ascending: a pagan empire within east-central Europe, 1295-1345. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. Cambridge [England]; New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-521-45011-9.
- ^ Spečiūnas, Vytautas, ed. (2004). Lietuvos valdovai: XIII-XVIII a.: enciklopedinis žinynas. Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas. pp. 91–93. ISBN 978-5-420-01535-3.
- ^ Urban, William L. (2003). Tannenberg and after: Lithuania, Poland, and the Teutonic Order in search of immortality (Revised ed.). Chicago: Lithuanian Research and Studies Center. p. 313. ISBN 978-0-929700-25-0.
- ^ Stone, Daniel (2001). The Polish-Lithuanian State, 1386-1795. University of Washington Press. pp. 29–30. ISBN 978-0-295-98093-5.
- ^ Stone, Daniel (2001). The Polish-Lithuanian state, 1386-1795. History of East Central Europe. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-295-98093-5.
- ^ "Drugi Pokój Toruński 1466 - Przewodnik Toruński Serwis Turystyczny". www.turystyka.torun.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2020-06-27.
- ^ "Jeziorany - castle of Warmian bishops". Ancient and medieval architecture. Retrieved 2022-12-31.
- ^ Szczur, Stanisław (2002). Historia Polski: średniowiecze. Kraków: Wydaw. Literackie. pp. 582–583. ISBN 978-83-08-03272-5.
- ^ Lerski, Jerzy Jan (1996). Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 403. ISBN 978-0-313-26007-0.
- ^ Repcheck, Jack (2007-12-04). Copernicus' Secret: How the Scientific Revolution Began. Simon and Schuster. p. 66. ISBN 978-1-4165-5356-4.
- ^ "Modern Era (16-18th century) - Treaty of Krakow". 2012-02-06. Archived from the original on 2012-02-06.
- ^ Szyndler, Bartłomiej (2001). Powstanie kościuszkowskie 1794 (1994 ed.). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Ancher. p. 445. ISBN 978-83-85576-10-5.
- ^ Haggett, Peter, ed. (2002). Encyclopedia of world geography (2nd ed.). New York: Marshall Cavendish. p. 1740. ISBN 978-0-7614-7289-6.
- ^ "On this Day, in 1806: Jan Henryk Dąbrowski led an uprising against Prussian occupation". 2021-11-14. Archived from the original on 2021-11-14. Retrieved 2022-07-09.
- ^ Zawadzki, Hubert (2009). "Between Napoleon and Tsar Alexander: The Polish Question at Tilsit, 1807". Central Europe. 7 (2): 110–124. doi:10.1179/147909609X12490448067244. ISSN 1479-0963.
- ^ Leggiere, Michael V. (2015). Napoleon and the struggle for Germany: the Franco-Prussian war of 1813. Cambridge military histories. Cambridge: Cambridge university press. pp. 105, 120. ISBN 978-1-107-08051-5.
- ^ Büsch, Otto; Neugebauer, Wolfgang; Kleinehagenbrock, Frank; Historische Kommission zu Berlin, eds. (1992). Handbuch der preussischen Geschichte. Berlin; New York: De Gruyter. p. 72. ISBN 978-3-11-014091-0.
- ^ Davies, Norman (1981). Ahistory of Poland, God's playground. Internet Archive. New York : Columbia University Press. pp. 341–342. ISBN 978-0-231-05350-1.
- ^ Collegium Carolinum (Munich, Germany); Jaworski, Rudolf; Luft, Robert, eds. (1996). 1848/49-Revolutionen in Ostmitteleuropa: Vorträge der Tagung des Collegium Carolinum in Bad Wiessee vom 30.Nov. bis 1.Dez. 1990. Bad Wiesseer Tagungen des Collegium Carolinum. München: Oldenbourg. ISBN 978-3-486-56012-1.
- ^ Vogt, Dietrich; Rhode, Gotthold (1980). Der großpolnische Aufstand 1918/1919: Bericht, Erinnerungen, Dokumente. Marburg, Lahn: Herder-Institut. ISBN 978-3-87969-147-0.
- ^ Pajewski, Janusz; Czubiński, Antoni, eds. (1987). Polacy i Niemcy: dziesięć wieków sąsiedztwa: studia ofiarowane profesorowi Januszowi Pajewskiemu w osiemdziesiątą rocznicę urodzin: praca zbiorowa (Wyd. 1 ed.). Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawn. Nauk. ISBN 978-83-01-07535-4.
- ^ a b c "THE REBIRTH OF POLAND". www.conflicts.rem33.com. Retrieved 2024-07-01.
- ^ Greenman, Kathryn; Orford, Anne; Saunders, Anna; Tzouvala, Ntina (2021-02-18). Revolutions in International Law: The Legacies of 1917. Cambridge University Press. p. 297. ISBN 978-1-108-85236-4.
- ^ Gajda, Patricia A. (1982). Postscript to victory: British policy and the German-Polish borderlands, 1919-1925. Washington, D.C.: University Press of America. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-8191-2204-9.
- ^ Wilson, Tim (2010). Frontiers of violence: conflict and identity in Ulster and upper Silesia 1918-1922. Oxford historical monographs. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. p. 83. ISBN 978-0-19-958371-3.
- ^ "German-Soviet Pact". encyclopedia.ushmm.org. Retrieved 2022-07-27.
- ^ Toppe, Andreas (2008). Militär und Kriegsvölkerrecht: Rechtsnorm, Fachdiskurs und Kriegspraxis in Deutschland 1899 - 1940. München: Oldenbourg. p. 398. ISBN 978-3-486-58206-2.
- ^ Weinberg, Gerhard L. (2005). A world at arms: a global history of World War II (2nd ed.). Cambridge New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-85316-3.
- ^ Shepardson, Donald E. (1998). "The Fall of Berlin and the Rise of a Myth". The Journal of Military History. 62 (1): 135–154. doi:10.2307/120398. JSTOR 120398.
- ^ Lotnik, Waldemar; Preece, Julian (1999). Nine lives: ethnic conflict in the Polish-Ukrainian borderlands. London: Serif. ISBN 978-1-897959-40-4.
- ^ Chwalba, Andrzej; Smaga, Józef (2001). Imperium korupcji: korupcja w Rosji i Królestwie Polskim w latach 1861-1917. Historia Najnowsza (Wyd. 2 zm ed.). Warszawa. ISBN 978-83-7233-065-9.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Motyka, Grzegorz (2006). Ukraińska partyzantka 1942-1960: działalność Organizacji Ukraińskich Nacjonalistów i Ukraińskiej Powstańczej Armii. Seria Wschodnia (Wyd. 1 ed.). Warszawa: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN : RYTM. ISBN 978-83-88490-58-3. OCLC 71208525.
- ^ Motyka, Grzegorz (2023). From the Volhynian massacre to Operation Vistula: the Polish-Ukrainian conflict 1943-1947. Fokus. Paderborn: Brill, Schöningh. ISBN 978-3-657-79537-6.
See also
edit- Greater Poland Uprising (1846)
- War of the Polish Succession - Loyal to Augustus III forces victory (including Prussia)
- December Uprising in Vilnius 1918 (Battles for Vilnius (1918–1919))
- List of wars involving Poland - Chronological list of wars involving Poland
- List of wars involving Germany - Chronological list of wars involving Germany
- List of wars involving Russia - Chronological list of wars involving Russia
- List of wars involving France - Chronological list of wars involving France
- List of wars involving Slovakia - Chronological list of wars involving Slovakia
- List of wars involving Lithuania - Chronological list of wars involving Lithuania
- List of wars involving Czechia - Chronological list of wars involving Czechia
- Russo-Polish Wars - Wars between Poland and Russia over their history
- Napoleonic Wars - Series of wars led by Napoleon
- Treaty of Versailles - Most important treaty ending World War I
- History of Poland
- History of Germany