This is a list of all British ship classes that served in World War II. This list includes all British ship classes including those which did not serve with the Royal Navy or British military in general.
Aircraft carriers
editFleet carriers
edit- HMS Eagle (1918)[1]
- Courageous-class aircraft carrier[2][3]
- HMS Ark Royal (91)[4]
- Illustrious-class aircraft carrier[5]
- Implacable-class aircraft carrier[6]
Light aircraft carriers
editEscort carrier
edit- HMS Pretoria Castle (F61)[12]
- HMS Audacity[13]
- HMS Archer (D78)[14]
- Avenger-class escort carrier[15][16]
- Attacker-class escort carrier[17][18]
- Ruler-class escort carrier[19]
- HMS Activity (D94)[20]
- Nairana-class escort carrier[21][22]
Merchant aircraft carriers
edit- Merchant aircraft carriers (MAC) were grain ships or tankers with a flying deck mounted on top; they were operated by civilian crew with some naval personnel.[23][page needed][24][page needed]
Seaplane carriers
edit- HMS Pegasus - used as training ship and aircraft transport[25]
- HMS Albatross - ex-RAN, converted to "Landing Ship (Engineering)" to be repair ship for invasion of France[26]
Catapult equipped ships
edit- Fighter catapult ship - convoy escorts fitted with a catapult to launch a fighter[27][28]
- CAM ship - civilian ships equipped with a catapult to launch a fighter[29]
Battleships
editBattlecruisers
editCruisers
editHeavy cruisers were defined by international agreement pre-war for the purposes of arms limitation as those with guns greater than 6-inch (152 mm); ships of guns of 6-inch or less were light cruisers.
Heavy cruisers
editLight cruisers
edit- C-class cruiser[43][page needed]
- Danae-class cruiser[40][page needed][44]
- Emerald-class cruiser[45][46]
- Leander-class cruiser[47][43][page needed]
- Arethusa-class cruiser[45][46]
- Town-class cruiser[48][49]
- Dido-class cruiser[43][page needed]
- Fiji-class cruiser[43][page needed]
- Minotaur-class cruiser[50][43][page needed]
Armed merchant cruisers
editMonitors
editDestroyers
editDestroyer leaders
editDestroyers
edit- R-class destroyer - HMS Skate only[58][59]
- V and W-class destroyer[60][56]
- S-class destroyer[61]
- HMS Ambuscade (D38)[62][57]
- HMS Amazon (D39)[57]
- A- and B-class destroyer[63][64]
- C and D-class destroyer[65][66]
- E and F-class destroyer[67]
- G and H-class destroyer[68]
- I-class destroyer[69][70]
- Tribal-class destroyer[71][72]
- J-, K- and N-class destroyer[73][74]
- L and M-class destroyer[58][75]
- Hunt-class destroyer[76][57]
- Town-class destroyer[77][78]
- O and P-class destroyer[79][57]
- Q and R-class destroyer[80][69]
- S and T-class destroyer[79][56]
- U and V-class destroyer[57][79]
- W and Z-class destroyer[56][43][page needed]
- C-class destroyer[81][72]
- Battle-class destroyer[72]
- Weapon-class destroyer
Frigates
editCorvettes
editSloops
edit- 24-class sloop[91][92]
- Bridgewater-class sloop[93][page needed][94]
- Hastings-class sloop[95][92]
- Banff-class sloop[96][97]
- Shoreham-class sloop[98][93][page needed]
- Grimsby-class sloop[93][page needed]1998
- Kingfisher-class sloop[92][43][page needed]
- Bittern-class sloop[99][93][page needed]
- Egret-class sloop[43][page needed][93][page needed]
- Black Swan-class sloop[97][93][page needed]
Minelayers
edit- HMS Adventure (M23) - minelaying cruiser[100][101]
- HMS Plover (M26)[100][40][page needed]
- Linnet-class minelayer[102]
- HMS Teviot Bank - auxiliary minelayer[103][104]
- HMS Agamemnon (M10) - auxiliary minelayer[105]
- HMS Menestheus - auxiliary minelayer[103]
- HMS Port Quebec - auxiliary minelayer[105][104]
- HMS Port Napier[106]
- HMS Southern Prince - auxiliary minelayer[107][103]
- Abdiel-class minelayer - also used as fast transports[108]
Minesweepers
edit- Hunt-class minesweeper[109][40]
- Halcyon-class minesweeper[110]
- MMS-class minesweeper – MMS stands for motor minesweeper.[111]
- Bangor-class minesweeper[112]
- Algerine-class minesweeper[113]
- Auk-class minesweeper – known as Catherine class in British service[114]
- Cybele-class mine destructor vessel[115][116]
- BYMS-class minesweeper
Submarines
edit- H-class submarine[117]
- L-class submarine[43]
- Odin-class submarine[118]
- Parthian-class submarine[119]
- Rainbow-class submarine[120]
- S-class submarine[43][121]
- River-class submarine (also known as the Thames class)[122]
- Grampus-class submarine minelaying submarines[123]
- T-class submarine (also known as the Triton class)[43][124]
- U-class submarine[125]
- P611-class submarine[126]
- V-class submarine[127]
- Amphion-class submarine[128]
Midget submarines
editNaval trawlers
editSmall armed boats
edit- Motor Launch[135]
- Harbour Defence Motor Launch[138]
- Motor torpedo boats[139]
- Motor gun boats[142]
- Steam Gun Boat[144]
- High-speed launch[145]
- High-speed launches type boats or HSL were operated only by the Royal Air Force Marine Branch to rescue downed RAF aircrew at sea
- Type Two 63 ft HSL[146]
Other
editGunboats
editSalvage vessels
editRepair and maintenance ships
editBoom defence
editTugs
editSeveral classes of Admiralty tug were operated as well as other vessels obtained
- Rescue tugs operated by His Majesty's Rescue Tug Service and civilians through Ministry of War Transport
- Saint
- Rollicker
- Brigand
- Assurance
- Favourite
- Bustler
- Nimble
- Envoy
- Director
- Harbour tugs, operated by Royal Maritime Auxiliary Service,
- Robust
- West
- Alligator
- TID-class tug[150]
Auxiliary and merchant ships
editGeneral purpose ships
edit- Empire ship[151]
- Empire F coaster
- Channel Tanker (CHANT)[152]
- Heavy lift ships
- "Ocean"-type tanker
- Norwegian-type tanker
- Wave-class oiler[153]
- Three Island type cargo ship
- Malta type cargo ship
- Tank landing ships
- Ocean going tugs
- Convoy rescue ship
- Empire Maple-class tug
- Ramped cargo lighter[154]
Oilers and tankers
edit- Dale-class oiler[153]
- Ranger-class tanker[153]
- Sprite-class tanker[153]
- Ol-class tanker[153]
- War-class oiler
- Spa-class coastal water carriers
- Fresh-class water tank vessels
Stores
editAmphibious warfare vessels
editCivilian ships
editSee also
editNotes
edit- ^ Gardiner & Gray 1985, pp. 38, 70.
- ^ Roberts 1997, pp. 64–65.
- ^ Burt 2012, p. 277.
- ^ Colledge & Warlow 2006, p. 21.
- ^ Friedman, Norman (1983). U.S. Aircraft Carriers: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-739-9. p. 145.
- ^ Hobbs, David (2013). British Aircraft Carriers: Design, Development and Service Histories. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth. p. 109.
- ^ Friedman 1988, p. 71.
- ^ McCart, Neil (2001). HMS Hermes 1923 & 1959. Cheltenham, UK: Fan Publications. pp. 11, 50. ISBN 1-901225-05-4.
- ^ Friedman 1988, p. 172.
- ^ Robbins, Guy (2001). The Aircraft Carrier Story: 1908–1945. London: Cassel & Co. p. 91. ISBN 0-304-35308-6. OCLC 45306859.
- ^ Bishop, Chris; Chant, Christopher (2004). Aircraft carriers: the world's greatest naval vessels and their aircraft. Grand Rapids, MI: Zenith. p. 63. ISBN 0-7603-2005-5. OCLC 56646560.
- ^ Mason RN, Geoffrey B (16 October 2010). "HMS Pretoria Castle, (F 61) - Escort Aircraft Carrier". Service Histories of Royal Navy Warships in World War 2. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
- ^ Mitchell & Sawyer 1990, p. 243, 423.
- ^ Mitchell & Sawyer 1990, p. 425.
- ^ Cocker 2008, p. 78.
- ^ Poolman, Kenneth (1972). Escort Carrier 1941–1945. London: Ian Allan. p. 29. ISBN 0-7110-0273-8.
- ^ Cocker 2008, p. 79.
- ^ Poolman, (1972). p 155
- ^ Cocker 2008, p. 81-82.
- ^ "HMS Activity (D 94) of the Royal Navy - British Escort Carrier of the Activity class". uboat.net. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ^ Cocker 2008, p. 76–78.
- ^ Poolman (1972). pp. 155-156
- ^ Brand, Stanley (2009). Achtung Swordfish!: Merchant Aircraft Carriers. Leeds, UK: Propagator Press. ISBN 9781-86029-805-9.
- ^ Hobbs, David (1996). Aircraft carriers of the Royal and Commonwealth navies : the complete illustrated encyclopedia from World War I to the present. London: Greenhill Books. ISBN 1-85367-252-1. OCLC 35068270.
- ^ Layman, R. D. (1976). "HMS Ark Royal – Pegasus 1914–1950". Warship International (XIII (2)). Toledo: International Naval Research Organization: 90–114. ISSN 0043-0374.
- ^ "HMS Albatros, British seaplane carrier, WW2". www.naval-history.net. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
- ^ Pauly, John; Truebe, Carl E.; Wilde, Doug; Wilterding, John H. (2012). "Question 14/48: Catapult Armed Merchant Ships". Warship International. XLIX (2): 160–170. ISSN 0043-0374.
- ^ Barker, Ralph (1978). The Hurricats. London: Pelham Books. ISBN 0-7207-0994-6.
- ^ Hague, Arnold (2000). The Allied Convoy System 1939–1945. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-019-3.
- ^ Friedman, Norman (2015). The British Battleship 1906–1946. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. p. 135. ISBN 978-1-84832-225-7.
- ^ Burt, R. A. (2012b). British Battleships of World War One (2nd ed.). Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. p. 300. ISBN 978-0-87021-863-7.
- ^ Burt 2012, pp. 348–349.
- ^ Brown, David K. (1995). The Design And Construction Of British Warships 1939–1945. Vol. 1 Major Surface Vessels. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 25. ISBN 1-55750-160-2.
- ^ Roberts 1997, p. 47.
- ^ Burt 1993, pp. 238, 242.
- ^ Parkes, Oscar (1990) [1957]. British Battleships. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. p. 644. ISBN 1-55750-075-4.
- ^ Taylor, Bruce (2008). The Battlecruiser HMS Hood: An Illustrated Biography, 1916–1941. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-1-86176-216-0.
- ^ Raven, Alan; Roberts, John (1980). British Cruisers of World War Two. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 51. ISBN 0-87021-922-7.
- ^ Whitley 1995, p. 80, 99.
- ^ a b c d e Lenton 1998.
- ^ Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, p. 27–28.
- ^ Marriott, Leo (2005). Treaty Cruisers: The first international warship building competition. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Maritime. p. 35. ISBN 1-84415-188-3.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Colledge & Warlow 2006.
- ^ Gardiner 1984.
- ^ a b Raven, Alan; Roberts, John (1980). British Cruisers of World War Two. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-922-7.
- ^ a b Whitley 1995.
- ^ Whitley 1995, p. 154.
- ^ Waters, Conrad (2019). British Town Class Cruisers: Design, Development & Performance; Southampton & Belfast Classes. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-1-5267-1885-3.
- ^ Brown, David K. (1995). The Design And Construction Of British Warships 1939–1945, Vol 1 Major Surface Vessels. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-160-2.
- ^ Freidman, Norman (2010). British Cruisers in Two World Wars & After. Seaforth. ISBN 978-1848320789.
- ^ Osborne, Richard; Spong, Harry; Grover, Tom (2007). Armed Merchant Cruisers 1878–1945. Windsor, UK: World Warship Society. ISBN 978-0-9543310-8-5.
- ^ "HMS Erebus, RN monitor, WW2". www.naval-history.net. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
- ^ Beevor, Antony (2010). D-Day: The Battle for Normandy. Penguin. p. 81. ISBN 978-0-14-311818-3.
- ^ Crossley, Jim (2013). Monitors of the Royal Navy; How the Fleet Brought the Great Guns to Bear. Barnsley, UK: Pen & Sword. ISBN 978-1-78383-004-6.
- ^ Monitors: Design, Construction and Operations 1914–1945 (2nd Revised ed.). Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84415-719-8.[page needed]
- ^ a b c d e Cocker 1981.
- ^ a b c d e f Whitley 1999.
- ^ a b c March 1966.
- ^ Friedman 2009.
- ^ Preston, Antony (1971). 'V & W' Class Destroyers 1917–1945. London: Macdonald. OCLC 464542895.
- ^ March 1966, p. 219.
- ^ English 1993, p. 3.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 195-202.
- ^ English 1993, p. 40.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 205-215 and 298-299.
- ^ English 1993, p. 53, 56.
- ^ English 1993, p. 62-63,75.
- ^ English 1993, p. 75, 88, 102.
- ^ a b c Friedman 2006.
- ^ Smith, Peter C. (2005). Into the Minefields: British Destroyer Minelaying 1918–1980. Barnsley, UK: Pen & Sword Books. ISBN 1-84415-271-5.
- ^ Lavery, Brian (2006). Churchill's Navy: The Ships, Men and Organisation, 1939–1945. London: Naval Institute Press.
- ^ a b c Gardiner & Chesneau 1980.
- ^ March 1966, p. 350.
- ^ Hodges, Peter; Friedman, Norman (1979). Destroyer Weapons of World War 2. Greenwich: Conway Maritime Press. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-85177-137-3.
- ^ Gardiner & Chumbley 1995, p. 516.
- ^ English, John (1987). The Hunts: A History of the Design, Development and Careers of the 86 Destroyers of This Class Built for the Royal and Allied Navies During World War II. World Ship Society. ISBN 0-905617-44-4.
- ^ Hague, Arnold (1988). Destroyers for Great Britain: A History of the 50 Town Class Ships Transferred From the United States to Great Britain in 1940. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-782-8.
- ^ Campbell, John (1985). Naval Weapons of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-459-4.
- ^ a b c Raven, Alan; Roberts, John (1978). War Built Destroyers O to Z Classes. London: Bivouac Books. ISBN 0-85680-010-4.
- ^ English, John (2001). Obdurate to Daring: British Fleet Destroyers 1941–45. Windsor, UK: World Ship Society. ISBN 978-0-9560769-0-8.
- ^ Hobbs, David (2012). C Class Destroyers. Liskeard, UK: Maritime Books. ISBN 978-1904459491.
- ^ a b Marriott 1983.
- ^ Collingwood, Donald (1998). The Captain-class frigates in the second world war: an operational history of the American-built destroyer escorts serving under the White Ensign from 1943–46. Leo Cooper. ISBN 978-0-85052-615-8.
- ^ Elliott, Peter (1972). "The Lend-Lease Captains". Warship International. International Naval Research Organization. ISSN 0043-0374. OCLC 1647131.[page needed]
- ^ "Colony class Frigates uboat.net". uboat.net. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ Janes Fighting Ships 1963–64. p. 7.
- ^ "Loch class Frigates". uboat.net. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ Loch Class Frigates, Patrick Boniface, Maritime Books, 2013, ISBN 9-781904-45954-5.
- ^ Brown, David K (2007). Atlantic Escorts: Ships, Weapons & Tactics in World War II. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84415-702-0.
- ^ "Castle class Corvettes". www.uboat.net. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
- ^ Brown, D. K. (1999). The Grand Fleet, Warship Design and Development 1906–1922. Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-099-9.
- ^ a b c Lenton, 1998
- ^ a b c d e f Hague 1993.
- ^ "HMS Bridgewater, sloop". www.naval-history.net. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ^ "Folkestone class Sloops - Allied Warships of WWII -". uboat.net. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ^ Blair, Clay (1996). Hitler's U-Boat War, The Hunters 1939–1942. Random House. ISBN 0-394-58839-8.
- ^ a b Blair 1998.
- ^ Hepper, David; Johnson, Harold; Weatherhorn, Aryeh (2006). "Question 14/05: Loss of HMS Dundee (L 84)". Warship International. XLIII (2): 145–146. ISSN 0043-0374.
- ^ Gardiner & Gray 1985b.
- ^ a b Cocker, M. P. (1993). Mine Warfare Vessels of the Royal Navy: 1908 to Date. Shrewsbury, England: Airlife Publishing. ISBN 1-85310-328-4.
- ^ Brown, David; Majeski, David V.; Buxton, Ian L.; Smythe, A. J. (2001). "Question 30/00: Cruiser-Minelayer HMS Adventure". Warship International. XXXVIII (3). International Naval Research Organization: 246. ISSN 0043-0374.
- ^ Jane's Fighting Ships 1939. p. 98.
- ^ a b c Lenton & Colledge 1968.
- ^ a b Rohwer, Jürgen (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two (Third Revised ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-119-2.
- ^ a b Lenton & Colledge 1968, p. 306, 308, 348.
- ^ "HMS Port Napier (M 32) of the Royal Navy - British Minelayer of the Auxiliary minelayers class". uboat.net. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
- ^ "HMS Southern Prince (M 47) British Auxiliary minelayer". www.uboat.net. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
- ^ Caruana, Joseph (2012). "Emergency Victualling of Malta During WWII". Warship International. LXIX (4): 357–364. ISSN 0043-0374.
- ^ Lund, Paul; Ludlam, Harry (1978). Out Sweeps! The Story of the Minesweepers in World War II. W Foulsham & Co. ISBN 0-572-01011-7.
- ^ "Halcyon class Minesweepers". uboat.net. Guðmundur Helgason. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
- ^ Melvin, Michael J (1992). Minesweeper: The Role of the Motor Minesweepers in World War II. ISBN 1-872017-57-6.
- ^ "Bangor class Minesweepers". uboat.net. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
- ^ "Algerine class Minesweepers". uboat.net. Guðmundur Helgason. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
- ^ "Auk class Minesweepers". uboat.net. Guðmundur Helgason. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
- ^ Elliott, Peter (1979). Allied Minesweeping in World War 2. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-87021-904-7.
- ^ Colledge, J.J. (1969). Ships of the Royal Navy: A Historical Index, Volume one: Major Ships (excluding trawlers, drifters, tugs, etc.). Devon, England: David & Charles. ISBN 978-0-7153-4353-1.
- ^ "H class Submarines". uboat.net. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ Bagnasco, Erminio (1977). Submarines of World War Two. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-962-6.
- ^ McCartney, Innes (2006). British Submarines 1939–1945. New Vanguard. 129. Oxford, UK: Osprey. ISBN 1-84603-007-2.
- ^ "R class Submarines". uboat.net. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ Gardiner & Chumbley 1995.
- ^ "River class Submarines". uboat.net. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ "Porpoise class Submarines". uboat.net. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ Mars, Alistair (1971). British Submarines at War 1939-1945. London: William Kimber. ISBN 0-7183-0202-8.
- ^ "U class Submarines". uboat.net. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ "P 611 class". uboat.net. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ "V class Submarines". uboat.net. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ Kemp, Paul (1990). The T-Class submarine. Arms and Armour. p. 127. ISBN 0-85368-958-X.
- ^ Grove, Eric (17 February 2011). "World Wars: Lost heroes of the 'Tirpitz'". BBC History. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ Felton, Mark (2015). The Sea Devils: Operation Struggle and the Last Great Raid of World War Two. Icon Books. ISBN 978-184831-994-3.
- ^ "Mersey class MS Trawlers - Allied Warships of WWII - uboat.net". uboat.net. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ^ Elliott, Peter (1977). Allied Escort Ships of World War II. London: Macdonald & Jane's Publishers Limited. ISBN 0-356-08401-9.
- ^ a b Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, p. 66.
- ^ "Shakespearian class MS Trawlers - Allied Warships of WWII - uboat.net". uboat.net. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ^ "Motor launches 1941". www.naval-history.net. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ^ Konstam 2010, pp. 12–14.
- ^ "WW2Ships.com: Fairmile Type B Motor Launch". www.ww2ships.com. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ^ "The Medusa Trust, preserving the small naval vessel of World War II". www.hmsmedusa.org.uk. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ Konstam, Angus (2003). British Motor Torpedo Boat 1939–45. ISBN 978-1-84176-500-6.
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- ^ Lambert, John (1985). Fairmile D Motor Torpedo Boat. Anatomy of the Ship. ISBN 978-1-84486-006-7.
- ^ Konstam 2010.
- ^ Lambert, John; Ross, Al (1990). Allied Coastal Forces of World War Two, Volume I : Fairmile designs and US Submarine Chasers. ISBN 978-0-85177-519-7.
- ^ "Royal Navy Coastal Forces 1940-1945". www.unithistories.com. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ^ "High Speed Launch 102". Portsmouth Naval Base Property Trust. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ^ "British Military Powerboat Trust, Coastal Forces, Gunboats, Target Boats, High Speed Launches, Motor Gun Boats, Torpedo Boats, Patrol Boats, Seaplane Tenders". www.bmpt.org.uk. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ^ Cocker 2008.
- ^ Gardiner & Gray 1985, p. 405.
- ^ Cocker, Maurice (2006). Coastal Forces Vessels of the Royal Navy from 1865. Stroud: Tempus. p. 101. ISBN 075243862X.
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- ^ Mitchell & Sawyer 1990.
- ^ Mitchell & Sawyer 1990, p. 286-292.
- ^ a b c d e Colledge, J.J. Ships of the Royal Navy: An Historical Index Volume 2: Navy-built Trawlers, Drifters, Tugs and Requisitioned Ships. Newton Abbot: David & Charles.
- ^ a b c Ladd, JD (1976). Assault From the Sea: 1939–1945. New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc. ISBN 0-88254-392-X.
- ^ a b Lund, Paul; Ludlam, Harry (1976). War of the Landing Craft. London, UK: New English Library. ISBN 978-0-450-03039-0.
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- ^ McCluskie, Tom (2013). The Rise and Fall of Harland and Wolff. Stroud: The History Press. p. 151. ISBN 9780752488615.
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- ^ "The Little Ships of Dunkirk". The Maritime Executive. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
References
edit- Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships
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- Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger (1980). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
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