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- c. 970 — c. 1240 Decline of the Ghana Empire
- c. 1,075 Almoravid conquest of the Ghana Empire
- c. 1100 — c. 1235 Aftermath and Sosso Occupation
- c. 1217 — c. 1230 Pre-imperial expansion of the Mali Empire
- c. 1217 — c. 1255 Campaigns of Sundiata Keita
- c. 1235 Battle of Kirina
- c. 1217 — c. 1255 Campaigns of Fakoli and Fran
- c. 1217 — c. 1255 Campaigns of Sundiata Keita
- 1235 — 1230 Pre-imperial expansion
- c. 1235 — c. 1255 Campaigns of Sundiata Keita
- c. 1235 Battle of Kirina
- c. 1235 — c. 1255 Campaigns of Fakoli and Fran
- c. 1235 — c. 1255 Campaigns of Sundiata Keita
- 1235 — 1250 Early imperial expansion of the Mali Empire
- 1235 — 1255 Tiramakhan's western campaign
- 1255 — 1270 Expansion under Mansa Ouali I
- Civil war and rebellion
- 1285 — 1300 Re-conquest and expansion under Mansa Sakura
- 1300 — 1337 The empire at its zenith
- 1337 — 1440 The fragmenting empire
- 1440 — 1490 The empire on the defensive
- 1500 — 1600 Collapse of the Mali empire
- 1440 — 1490 The Mali Empire on the Defensive
- 1500 — 1600 Collapse of the Mali Empire
- 1578 — 1603 Campaigns of Ahmad al-Mansur of the Saadi dynasty of Morocco
- October 16, 1590 — March 13, 1591 Songhai campaign
- March 13, 1591 Battle of Tondibi
- October 16, 1590 — March 13, 1591 Songhai campaign
- April 26, 1599 Battle of Jenné
- c. 1776 — April 20, 1845 Campaigns of Seku Amadu
- 1810 — 1818 Jihad of Seku Amadu
- c. 1797 — 1864 Campaigns of El Hadj Umar Tall
- 1848 — 1864 Initial conquests
- 1659 — 1958 French colonisation in Africa
- April 1857 Siege of Medina Fort
- 1659 — 1958 French colonisation in Africa
- March 10, 1861 — March 16, 1862 Conquest of the Bamana Empire
- March 10, 1861 Battle of Segou
- 1848 — 1864 Initial conquests
- 1883 — 1886 Mandingo Wars
- 1916 — 2012 Tuareg rebellions
- 1962 — 1964 First Tuareg rebellion
- 1985 Agacher Strip War
- 1990 — 1995 Azawad insurgency and Malian civil war
- October 7, 2001 — ongoing War on Terror
- 2002 — ongoing Insurgency in the Maghreb
- February 6, 2007 — ongoing Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara
- February 2007 — May 2009 Second Tuareg rebellion
- December 8, 2010 — ongoing Arab Spring
- 2012 — ongoing Northern Mali conflict
- 2012 — Third Tuareg Rebellion
- January 18, 2012 — March 11, 2012 Battle of Tessalit
- January 17, 2012 — January 25, 2012 Battle of Aguelhok
- February 7, 2012 — February 8, 2012 Battle of Tinzaouaten
- March 21, 2012 — April 8, 2012 Malian coup d'état
- June 27, 2012 — ongoing Internal conflict in Azawad
- June 26, 2012 — June 27, 2012 Battle of Gao
- November 16, 2012 — November 20, 2012 Battle of Menaka
- February 22, 2013 — February 23, 2013 Battle of Khalil
- March 29, 2013 — March 30, 2013 Battle of In Arab
- January 11, 2013 — ongoing Operation Serval
- 2012 — Third Tuareg Rebellion
- 2012 — ongoing Northern Mali conflict
- 2002 — ongoing Insurgency in the Maghreb