List of fish encountered in Swedish waters; both fresh water (lakes and streams) and in the marine salt water.
The table denotes species native to Sweden, as well as those introduced from a neighbouring country and those that have only occurred occasionally. There are approximately 140 species which are native and common in Sweden, plus another 90 which are sporadic, not established or extinct.[1]
The IUCN Red List is a set of criteria for fish population statuses. The following terminology is used: extinct, critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable, near threatened, least concern, disappeared, data deficient and not evaluated.
List
editAulopiformes
editThe Aulopiformes, or grinners, are marine fish, most of which live in deep-sea waters in the Atlantic. Only sporadically encountered in Swedish waters, e.g. the Magnisudis atlantica has to date been found eight times, the first in 1960 and the last in 1978.[2]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paralepididae (barracudina) | Arctozenus risso | N/A | Mindre laxtobis | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Paralepididae | Magnisudis atlantica | N/A | Laxtobis | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Acipenseriformes (sturgeon-like fish)
editThe Acipenseriformes are an order of primitive ray-finned fishes that includes the sturgeons and paddlefishes. There have been occasional finds in Swedish waters. Some species, such as the beluga sturgeon are heavily desired for its roe, or caviar.
Some species of sturgeons are known to have populated Swedish waters in the 19th century along the coast lines of the Baltic Sea and in some inland streams. The population has now probably disappeared, and the Red List denotes it as disappeared (RE). Stuffed specimens are common in museums.[3]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acipenseridae | Acipenser baerii | Siberian sturgeon | Sibirisk stör | brackish water | Introduced; not established | Not evaluated |
| Acipenseridae | Acipenser gueldenstaedti | Russian sturgeon | Rysk stör | brackish water | Introduced; not established | Not evaluated |
| Acipenseridae | Acipenser ruthenus | Sterlet | Sterlett | Fresh water, brackish water | Introduced, not established | Not evaluated |
| Acipenseridae | Acipenser oxyrinchus | N/A | Stör | Fresh, marine and brackish water | Sporadic, previously native and common | Disappeared (RE) |
| Acipenseridae | Huso huso | Beluga sturgeon | Beluga stör | brackish water | Introduced, not established | Not evaluated |
Anguilliformes (eel fish)
editThe European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in Swedish waters has radically diminished in the latest decades, and is now listed as critically endangered. The population is estimated to have decreased to 1–10% of what it was in the 1970s. Eels are sensitive of environmental pollution, but the fishing of eel has also increased, especially in French waters. As eels migrate long distances, overfishing and pollution in one location may endanger the population and little is known of all possible causes for the diminishing population.[4]
The eel is a popular dish, especially in southern Sweden, and is economically of importance with catches of around 1,000 tonnes (1,200 in 1983). It is prepared by being smoked.[4]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anguillidae | Anguilla anguilla | European eel | Ål | Fresh, marine and brackish water | Native and common | Critically endangered (CR) |
| Congridae | Conger conger | European conger | Havsål | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Nemichthyidae | Nemichthys scolopaceus | Slender snipe eel | Trådål | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Carcharhiniformes (ground sharks)
editThe order Carcharhiniformes, or ground sharks, are the largest order of sharks and include many well-known types such as the blue shark and the sandbar shark.
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Triakidae | Galeorhinus galeus | School shark | Gråhaj | Marine | Native and common | Vulnerable (VU) |
| Triakidae | Mustelus asterias | Starry smooth-hound | Nordlig hundhaj / Glatthaj | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Carcharhinidae | Carcharhinus longimanus | Oceanic whitetip shark | Årfenhaj | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Carcharhinidae | Prionace glauca | Blue shark | Blåhaj | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Pentanchidae | Galeus melastomus | Blackmouth catshark | Hågäl | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Scyliorhinidae | Scyliorhinus canicula | Small-spotted catshark | Småfläckig rödhaj | Marine | Native and common | Data deficient (DD) |
| Scyliorhinidae | Scyliorhinus stellaris | Nursehound | Storfläckig rödhaj | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Beryciformes
editThe Beryciformes are an order of ray-finned fishes. They live solely in deep marine waters, usually in tropical areas, and are only sporadically seen in Nordic waters.
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Berycidae | Beryx decadactylus | Alfonsino | Nordisk beryx | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Beloniformes
editThe Beloniformes are an order of "horned" fishes. The most notable species here is the garfish (Belone belone) which swims in large shoals during the summer along the coasts of south and west Sweden, and caught for food or sport. The catch during 1983 was 44 tonnes.[5]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belonidae | Belone belone | Garfish | Näbbgädda / Horngädda | Marine and brackish | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Scomberesocidae | Scomberesox saurus | Atlantic saury | Makrillgädda | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Batrachoidiformes
editThe order Batrachoidiformes, or toadfish, are a type of ray-finned fish normally found on the sand and mud bottoms of coastal waters worldwide. The only example of a fish from this order caught in Swedish water was a specimen of Halobatrachus didactylus—a fish native to the coasts of Africa—caught by the shore of southern Sweden in 1820 (specimens preserved).[6]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Batrachoididae | Halobatrachus didactylus | Lusitanian toadfish | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Chimaeriformes (ghost sharks)
editThe order Chimaeriformes is common in tropical waters. The only species found in Swedish water is the Chimaera monstrosa which is somewhat common in the westernmost waters of Sweden, the Skagerrak. This fish is unsuitable as a food fish, but its large liver is used to produce a lubricant.[7]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chimaeridae | Chimaera monstrosa | Rabbit fish | Havsmus | Marine | Native and common | Vulnerable (VU) |
Clupeiformes (herring-like fish)
editClupeiformes is the order of ray-finned fish that includes the herring family, Clupeidae, and the anchovy family, Engraulidae.
The herring is common around the coasts of Sweden where it is often the most common fish—the population fluctuates yearly. The herring has been of historical importance for the Swedish economy and food since the Middle Ages. It is still the most economically important Swedish fish. The catch of herring in Swedish waters in 1996 was 132,153 tonnes, of which 74,293 tonnes became fish meal and 57,860 tonnes was sold to consumers.[8]
The Swedes have two names for herring, sill or strömming, depending on where they have been caught, west or east of the island of Bornholm.
The herring is also an important part of the Swedish cuisine. It is served pickled both at Christmas and at Midsummer, and in northern Sweden the fermented herring, surströmming, is popular treat.
Shoals of anchovies are denoted as native and common, but the anchovy is primarily native to southern Europe, and the shoals in Nordic waters vary between years. As such, anchovy fishing is not reliable.[9]
A third economically important fish of this order is the European sprat (Sprattus sprattus). The catch in Swedish waters in 1996 was 168,582 tonnes. It is often flavoured and put in cans labeled as anchovy, which is incorrect from a zoological point of view, but fairly accurate in terms of usage. This pickled "anchovy" is a main ingredient of the Swedish traditional dish Janssons frestelse.[10]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clupeidae (herrings) | Alosa alosa | Shad | Majfisk | Fresh, marine and brackish water | Native and common | Not available (NA) |
| Clupeidae | Alosa fallax | Twait shad | Staksill | Fresh, marine and brackish water | Native and common | Not available (NA) |
| Clupeidae | Clupea harengus | Atlantic herring | Sill / strömming | Marine, brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Clupeidae | Sardina pilchardus | European pilchard (true sardine) | Sardin | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Clupeidae | Sprattus sprattus | European sprat | Skarpsill / vassbuk | Marine, brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Engraulididae (anchovies) | Engraulis encrasicolus | European anchovy | Ansjovis | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
Cypriniformes
editThe order Cypriniformes consists of several families of carp-like fishes, the most important being the cyprinids—the carps and minnows.
The carp bream (Abramis brama), the largest of the breams, is of note in Swedish fresh waters. Once an important source of food (which is still the case in parts of Europe), it is today only of economic importance in Sweden's southern parts (Skåne, etc.). However it is still common in other waters in Sweden, where it is a popular game fish.[11]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyprinidae (carps) | Abramis ballerus | Blue bream (zope) | Faren | Fresh water | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
| Cyprinidae | Abramis bjoerkna | White bream | Björkna | Fresh water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Abramis brama | Carp bream | Braxen | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Abramis vimba | Vimba | Vimma | Fresh water | Native and common | Data deficient (DD) |
| Cyprinidae | Alburnus alburnus | Bleak | Löja / benlöja | Fresh water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Aspius aspius | Asp | Asp | Fresh water | Native and common | Vulnerable (VU) |
| Cyprinidae | Carassius carassius | Crucian carp | Ruda | Fresh water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Ctenopharyngodon idella | Grass carp or white amur | Gräskarp | Fresh water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Cyprinus carpio | Common or European carp | Karp | Fresh water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Gobio gobio | Gudgeon | Sandkrypare | Fresh water | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
| Cyprinidae | Hypophthalmichthys molitrix | Silver carp | Silverkarp | Fresh water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Hypophthalmichthys nobilis | Bighead carp | Marmorkarp | Fresh water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Leucaspius delineatus | N/A | Groplöja | Fresh water | Native and common | Near threatened (NT) |
| Cyprinidae | Leuciscus idus | Ide or orfe | Id | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Leuciscus leuciscus | Common dace | Stäm | Fresh water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Pelecus cultratus | N/A | Skärkniv | Fresh and brackish water | Sporadic | Not available (NA) |
| Cyprinidae | Phoxinus phoxinus | Eurasian minnow | Elrita | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Rutilus rutilus | Roach | Mört | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Scardinius erythrophthalmus | Rudd | Sarv | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cyprinidae | Squalius cephalus | Chub | Färna | Fresh water | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
| Cyprinidae | Tinca tinca | Tench | Sutare | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cobitidae | Cobitis taenia | Spined loach | Nissöga | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
| Balitoridae | Barbatula barbatula | N/A | Grönling | Fresh water | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
Esociformes (pike fish)
editThere is only one fish of the genus Esox in Europe: the Esox lucius, epox, also known as northern pike. This fish is common in lakes in the whole of Sweden, with the exceptions of the northernmost regions where it is only sporadic.
Commercial fishing is practically non-existent. Most epox are caught by sport-fishers; it is the largest fish in fresh waters, with the official record weight (in Swedish fresh waters) being 31 kg.[12]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Esocidae | Esox lucius | Pike | Gädda | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
Gadiformes (cod-like fish)
editThe order Gadiformes includes many important food fish. For Sweden, the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is, together with the herring, the most important food fish. Cod in Swedish waters is caught in the west of Sweden in the Skagerrak and east in the Baltic Sea. Cod in the Baltic does not migrate to the Atlantic, and may be a subspecies: Gadus morhua callarias, but this view is generally abandoned today.[13]
Baltic cod has been subjected to heavy fishing in the latest decades and is now endangered. Fishing moratoriums have been called for, but the cod is of importance to many countries around the Baltic and is of such economic importance that a complete stop has not been carried through.[13]
The haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) is another important food fish of the Gadiformes. It is, in Swedish view, less important than the cod as it does not populate the Baltic. Like the cod, the population has diminished.[14]
Burbot, the only fresh water fish of this order, is common in the whole of Sweden. It is the provincial fish of Västergötland in west Sweden.[15]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gadidae | Gadiculus thori | N/A | Silvertorsk | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gadidae | Gadus morhua | Atlantic cod | Torsk | Marine, brackish water | Native and common | Endangered (EN) |
| Gadidae | Melanogrammus aeglefinus | Haddock | Kolja | Marine | Native and common | Near threatened (NT) |
| Gadidae | Merlangius merlangus | Whiting | Vitling | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gadidae | Micromesistius poutassou | Blue whiting | Kolmule / blåvitling | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gadidae | Pollachius pollachius | Pollock (Atlantic or European) | Lyrtorsk / bleka | Marine | Native and common | Endangered (EN) |
| Gadidae | Pollachius virens | Pollock or coalfish | Gråsej | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gadidae | Trisopterus esmarkii | N/A | Vitlinglyra | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gadidae | Trisopterus luscus | Bib or pouting | Skäggtorsk | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Gadidae | Trisopterus minutus | Poor cod | Glyskolja | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Lotidae | Brosme brosme | Cusk | Lubb | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Lotidae | Ciliata mustela | Fivebeard rockling | Femtömmad skärlånga | Marine | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
| Lotidae | Ciliata septentrionalis | N/A | Nordlig skärlånga | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Lotidae | Enchelyopus cimbrius | Fourbeard rockling | Fyrtömmad skärlånga | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Lotidae | Gaidropsarus vulgaris | Three-bearded rockling | Tretömmad skärlånga | Marine | Native and common | Not available (NA) |
| Lotidae | Lota lota | Burbot | Lake | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Endangered (EN) |
| Lotidae | Molva dypterygia | Blue ling | Birkelånga | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Lotidae | Molva molva | Common ling | Långa | Marine | Native and common | Vulnerable (VU) |
| Macrouridae | Coryphaenoides rupestris | N/A | Skoläst | Marine | Native and common | Vulnerable (VU) |
| Macrouridae | Malacocephalus laevis | N/A | Småfjällig skoläst | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Merlucciidae | Merluccius merluccius | European hake | Kümmel | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Phycidae | Phycis blennoides | N/A | Fjällbrosme | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Ranicipitidae | Raniceps raninus | N/A | Paddtorsk | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
Gasterosteiformes (pipefish or sticklebacks)
editThe most notable families of the order Gasterosteiformes are the sticklebacks. The three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is common on all Swedish coasts and in adjacent fresh water lakes and streams. It was once caught in large quantities to make fish oil; today it is still caught in some extent for the purpose of fish meal.[16]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Macroramphosidae | Macroramphosus scolopax | Longspine snipefish | Snäppfisk | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Gasterosteidae | Gasterosteus aculeatus | Three-spined stickleback | Stor spigg | Fresh, marine and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gasterosteidae | Pungitius pungitius | N/A | Små spigg | Fresh, marine and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gasterosteidae | Spinachia spinachia | N/A | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated | |
| Syngnathidae | Entelurus aequoreus | Snake pipefish | Större havsnål | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Syngnathidae | Nerophis lumbriciformis | Worm pipefish | Krumnosig havsnål | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Syngnathidae | Nerophis ophidion | Straightnose pipefish | Mindre havsnål | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Syngnathidae | Syngnathus acus | Greater pipefish | Större kantnål | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Syngnathidae | Syngnathus rostellatus | Lesser pipefish | Mindre kantnål | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Syngnathidae | Syngnathus typhle | Broadnosed pipefish | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
Lamniformes (mackerel sharks)
editThe Lamniformes include some of the most familiar species of sharks, such as the great white shark. For this list, the basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) is of note, as it is the largest fish in Nordic waters, occasionally encountered on the Swedish west coast (Västergötland). As the finds have become more sparse in recent years it is now listed as endangered.
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alopiidae | Alopias vulpinus | Long-tailed thresher shark | Rävhaj | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Alopiidae | Cetorhinus maximus | Basking shark | Brugd | Marine | Sporadic | Endangered (EN) |
| Alopiidae | Lamna nasus | Porbeagle shark | Håbrand, sillhaj | Marine | Native and common | Critically endangered (CR) |
Myxiniformes
editThe Myxiniformes, or hagfish, are a family of primitive eel-like fish. They live in marine waters, and in Swedish waters they are encountered west of Sweden in the Skagerrak and Kattegat. It lacks economic importance as it is not eaten.
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Myxinidae | Myxine glutinosa | Hagfish | Pirål | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
Lampriformes (seep sea ray finned fish)
editThe Lampriformes are an order of primitive, often rope-like, fishes. Living in deep-sea in tropical and temperate waters, they are rarely encountered in Nordic waters.
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lampridae (opah) | Lampris guttatus | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Regalecidae | Regalecus glesne | King of herrings | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Trachipteridae | Trachipterus arcticus | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Myctophiformes
editThe order Myctophiformes, which includes the family Myctophidae, or lanternfishes, consists of deep-sea fish common on the Southern Hemisphere and only rarely caught in Swedish waters.
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Myctophidae (lanternfish) | Notoscopelus kroyeri | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Lophiiformes
editThe Lophiiformes, or angler fish, are deep-water fish with big heads. Of these, the angler or sea-devil (Lophius piscatorius) is common in Sweden in the waters west of Sweden in the Skagerrak and Kattegat. It is a tasty fish and therefore common in fish dishes, usually with its head removed. The Swedish catch in 1983 was 26 tonnes.[17]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lophiidae | Lophius piscatorius | Angler | Marulk | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
Mugiliformes
edit| Family | Scientific name | English name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mugilidae (mullets) | Chelon labrosus | N/A | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Mugilidae | Liza aurata | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Mugilidae | Liza ramada | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Osmeriformes
editThe order Osmeriformes is generally encountered in the Atlantic Ocean as well as other oceans. A few species of the family Argentinidae extend their habitat to the Skagerrak where it is caught by Swedish ships. The catches are not food fish, but processed into fish meal.[18]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Osmeridae | Mallotus villosus | Capelin | Lodda | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Osmeridae | Osmerus eperlanus | European smelt | Slom / nors | Fresh, brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Argentinidae | Argentina silus | Greater argentine | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated | |
| Argentinidae | Argentina sphyraena | Argentine | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
Perciformes (perch-like fish)
editThe Perciformes include about 40% of all fish. The name Perciformes means perch-like.
One of the best known types is the zander (gös in Swedish), common and native in Sweden and most of Europe. It is a popular game fish because of its taste. In Sweden it is common in all regions except the northernmost mountains and on the island of Gotland, and it is the provincial fish of Västmanland. The Swedish record weight is 12.007 kg.[19]
The arguably most popular fish in Swedish fresh water is the European perch, and the annual catch is around 2,000 tonnes. It is common in the whole country—with the exception of the mountain regions in the north—and commonly encountered around the coast of the brackish Baltic Sea.[20]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammodytidae (sand lance) | Ammodytes marinus | N/A | Havstobis | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Ammodytidae | Ammodytes tobianus | Lesser sand eel | Kusttobis | Marine, brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Ammodytidae | Hyperoplus lanceolatus | Greater sand eel | Tobiskung | Marine, brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Anarhichadidae | Anarhichas denticulatus | N/A | Blå havskatt | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Anarhichadidae | Anarhichas lupus | Atlantic wolffish, seawolf | Havskatt | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Anarhichadidae | Anarhichas minor | N/A | Fläckig havskatt | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Bramidae | Brama brama | Atlantic pomfret | Havsbraxen | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Bramidae | Pterycombus brama | N/A | Fengömmare | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Callionymidae | Callionymus lyra | N/A | Randig sjökock | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Callionymidae | Callionymus maculatus | N/A | Fläckig sjökock | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Caproidae | Capros aper | N/A | Trynfisk | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Carangidae | Naucrates ductor | Pilot fish | Lotsfisk | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Carangidae | Trachinotus ovatus | N/A | Blå gaffelmakrill | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Carangidae | Trachurus trachurus | Atlantic horse mackerel | Taggmakrill | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Centrarchidae | Micropterus dolomieu | Smallmouth bass | Svartabborre | Fresh water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Centrarchidae | Micropterus salmoides | Largemouth bass | Öringabborre | Fresh water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Centrolophidae | Centrolophus niger | Rudderfish | Svartfisk | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Centrolophidae | Hyperoglyphe perciformis | N/A | Svartfening | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Centrolophidae | Schedophilus medusophagus | N/A | Engelsk svartfisk | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Gempylidae | Lepidopus caudatus | Silver scabbardfish | Strumpebandsfisk | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Gempylidae | Nesiarchus nasutus | N/A | Havsgädda | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Gobiesocidae | Diplecogaster bimaculata | N/A | Tvåfläckig dubbelsugare | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Gobiidae | Aphia minuta | N/A | Klarbult | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gobiidae | Crystallogobius linearis | N/A | Glasbult | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gobiidae | Gobius niger | N/A | Svart smörbult | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gobiidae | Gobiusculus flavescens | N/A | Sjustrålig smörbult | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gobiidae | Lebetus scorpioides | N/A | Simpstubb | Marine | Native and common | Data deficient (DD) |
| Gobiidae | Lesueurigobius friesii | N/A | Spetsstjärtad smörbult | Marine | Native and common | Data deficient (DD) |
| Gobiidae | Neogobius melanostomus | Round goby | Svartmunnad smörbult | Euryhaline | Introduced, sporadic | Least concern (LC) |
| Gobiidae | Pomatoschistus microps | N/A | Lerstubb | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gobiidae | Pomatoschistus minutus | N/A | Sandstubb | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gobiidae | Pomatoschistus norvegicus | N/A | Dystubb | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gobiidae | Pomatoschistus pictus | N/A | Bergstubb | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Gobiidae | Thorogobius ephippiatus | N/A | Leopardbult | Marine | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
| Labridae | Acantholabrus palloni | N/A | Brunsnultra | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Labridae | Centrolabrus exoletus | N/A | Grässnultra | Marine | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
| Labridae | Ctenolabrus rupestris | N/A | Stensnultra | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Labridae | Labrus bergylta | Ballan wrasse | Berggylta | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Labridae | Labrus mixtus | N/A | Blågylta | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Labridae | Symphodus melops | N/A | Skärsnultra | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Moronidae | Dicentrarchus labrax | European seabass | Havsabborre | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Mullidae | Mullus surmuletus | N/A | Mulle | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Percidae | Gymnocephalus cernua | Ruffe | Gärs | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Percidae | Perca fluviatilis | European perch | Abborre | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Percidae | Sander lucioperca | Zander | Gös | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Pholididae | Pholis gunnellus | N/A | Tejsterfisk | Marine, brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Polyprionidae | Polyprion americanus | Atlantic wreckfish | Vrakfisk | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Sciaenidae | Argyrosomus regius | Meagre | Havsgös | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Scombridae (mackerel, tunas and bonitos) | Auxis randei [check spelling] | N/A | Auxid | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Scombridae | Euthynnus alletteratus | N/A | Tunnina | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Scombridae | Katsuwonus pelamis | Skipjack tuna | Bonit | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Scombridae | Orcynopsis unicolor | N/A | Ostrimmig pelamid | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Scombridae | Sarda sarda | Atlantic bonito | Ryggstrimming pelamid | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Scombridae | Scomber scombrus | Atlantic mackerel | Makrill | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Scombridae | Thunnus thynnus | Bluefin tuna | Tonfisk | Marine | Sporadic, previously native and common | Not evaluated |
| Sparidae | Boops boops | Bogue | Oxögonfisk | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Sparidae | Oblada melanurus | N/A | Oblada | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Sparidae | Pagellus acarne | N/A | Pagell | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Sparidae | Pagellus bogaraveo | N/A | Fläckpagell | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Sparidae | Pagellus erythrinus’’ | N/A | Rödpagell | Marine | (Sporadic) | Not evaluated |
| Sparidae | Sparus aurata | N/A | Guldsparid | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Sparidae | Spondyliosoma cantharus | N/A | Havsruda | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Stichaeidae | Chirolophis ascanii | Yarrell's blenny | Tångsnärta | Marine | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
| Stichaeidae | Leptoclinus maculatus | N/A | Trubbstjärtat långebarn | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Stichaeidae | Lumpenus lampretaeformis | N/A | Spetsstjärtat långebarn | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Trachinidae | Trachinus draco | Greater weever | Fjärsing | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Xiphiidae | Xiphias gladius | Swordfish | Svärdfisk | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Zoarcidae | Lycenchelys sarsii | N/A | Sydlig ålbrosme | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Zoarcidae | Lycodes vahlii | N/A | Ålbrosme | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Zoarcidae | Zoarces viviparus | Viviparous eelpout | Tånglake or ålkusa | Marine, brackish water | Native and common | Near threatened (NT) |
Petromyzontiformes (lampreys)
editA lamprey is a jawless fish with a toothed, funnel-like sucking mouth, with which most species bore into the flesh of other fishes to suck their blood. In zoology, lampreys are not considered to be true fish because of their vastly different morphology and physiology.
In Sweden, the European river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis), living in fresh waters, is the most usual usage of the term lamprey. The Lampetra planeri is a closely related species living in small streams, possibly even the same species.
The lamprey is the provincial fish of Västerbotten in northern Sweden.
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Petromyzontidae | Lampetra fluviatilis | European river lamprey | Fresh water | Native and common | Near threatened (NT) |
| Petromyzontidae | Lampetra planeri | Brook lamprey | Fresh water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Petromyzontidae | Petromyzon marinus | Sea lamprey | Fresh water, marine | Native and common | Endangered (EN) |
Pleuronectiformes (flatfish)
editThe flatfish are common as food fish.
Some notable specimens are the turbot which is common both on Sweden's east and west coasts. The Swedish catch was as much as 82 tonnes in the 1950s, but had decreased to 10–20 tonnes by the 1980s.[21]
The plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) is one of Sweden's most important food fishes. It is common around the shores on both the east and west coast. The catch in 1983 was 540 tonnes.[22]
The Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) was also once a major food fish, but overfishing in recent decades has endangered the population in Swedish waters.[23] The fish was eaten in Sweden during the weekends when meat was prohibited, which explains the Swedish name helgeflundra, literally "holy flounder".[24]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bothidae (left-eye flounders) | Arnoglossus laterna | N/A | Tungevar | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Scophthalmidae | Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis | N/A | Glasvar | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Scophthalmidae | Phrynorhombus norvegicus | N/A | Småvar | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Scophthalmidae | Psetta maxima | Turbot | Piggvar | Marine | Native and common | Near threatened (NT) |
| Scophthalmidae | Scophthalmus rhombus | Brill | Slätvar | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Scophthalmidae | Zeugopterus punctatus | N/A | Bergvar | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Pleuronectidae (right-eye flounders) | Glyptocephalus cynoglossus | N/A | Rädtunga | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Pleuronectidae | Hippoglossoides platessoides | N/A | Lerskädda | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Pleuronectidae | Hippoglossus hippoglossus | Atlantic halibut | Hälleflundra / helgeflundra | Marine | Native and common | Endangered (EN) |
| Pleuronectidae | Microstomus kitt | Lemon sole | Bergskädda | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Pleuronectidae | Platichthys flesus | N/A | Skrubbskädda | Fresh, marine and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Pleuronectidae | Pleuronectes limanda | N/A | Sandskädda | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Pleuronectidae | Pleuronectes platessa | European plaice | Rödspätta / spätta | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Soleidae | Buglossidium luteum | N/A | Småtunga | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Soleidae (Soles) | Solea solea | Sole | Tunga | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
Scorpaeniformes
editThe Scorpaeniformes are also known as mail-cheeked fishes due to their suborbital stay. Their head is armoured with bone plates. The families of this order are generally small, bottom living, and unsuited as food fish. As such, they lack commercial value.
An exception is the family Sebastidae, which contains appreciated food fish, but as they are rare in Swedish waters they are not subjected to systematic fishing.[25]
Of the family Triglidae, most species are uncommon in Swedish waters, but the small Chelidonichthys gurnardus (25–30 cm) has in recent decades attracted attentions as a food fish. It is common in both the Skagerrak and Kattegat, and the amount of fish caught in 1983 was 9 tonnes.[26]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agonidae | Agonus cataphractus | N/A | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cottidae | Artediellus atlanticus | N/A | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cottidae | Cottus gobio | Bullhead | Fresh water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cottidae | Cottus koshewnikowi | N/A | Fresh water | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
| Cottidae | Cottus poecilopus | N/A | Fresh water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cottidae | Icelus bicornis | Twohorn sculpin | Marine | Native and common | Not available (NA) |
| Cottidae | Micrenophrys lilljeborgii | N/A | Marine | Native and common | Data deficient (DD) |
| Cottidae | Myoxocephalus scorpius | N/A | Marine, brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cottidae | Taurulus bubalis | N/A | Marine, brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cottidae | Triglops murrayi | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Cottidae | Triglopsis quadricornis | N/A | Fresh water, brackish water | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
| Cyclopteridae | Cyclopterus lumpus | Lumpsucker | Marine, brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cyclopteridae | Liparis liparis | N/A | Marine, brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Cyclopteridae | Liparis montagui | N/A | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Triglidae | Chelidonichthys cuculus | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Triglidae | Chelidonichthys gurnardus | N/A | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Triglidae | Chelidonichthys lastoviza | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Triglidae | Chelidonichthys lucerna | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Triglidae | Trigla lyra | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Sebastidae | Helicolenus dactylopterus | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Sebastidae | Sebastes norvegicus | N/A | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Sebastidae | Sebastes viviparus | N/A | Marine | Native and common | Near threatened (NT) |
Rajiformes
editThe family of Rajiformes include ten families of ray-like fishes such as skates and stingrays.
Of the Rajiformes, three species are common in Nordic waters. The largest is the blue skate, which is common in the Skagerrak and Kattegatt west of Sweden but otherwise only sporadic. It is, together with the thumback ray (Raja clavata), the only cartilaginous fish of economic importance in Sweden.[27]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rajidae (skate) | Amblyraja radiata | N/A | Marine | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Rajidae | Dipturus batis | Blue skate | Marine | Native and common | Critically endangered (CR) |
| Rajidae | Dipturus linteus | N/A | Marine | Not confirmed | Not evaluated |
| Rajidae | Dipturus nidarosiensis | N/A | Marine | Not confirmed | Not evaluated |
| Rajidae | Dipturus oxyrinchus | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Rajidae | Leucoraja fullonica | N/A | Marine | Not confirmed | Not evaluated |
| Rajidae | Leucoraja naevus | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Rajidae | Raja clavata | Thumback ray | Marine | Native and common | Vulnerable (VU) |
| Dasyatididae | Dasyatis pastinaca | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Myliobatidae (eagle rays) | Myliobatis aquila | Common eagle ray | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Squaliformes (dogsharks)
editSqualiformes is an order of sharks that includes the smooth dogfish and spiny dogfish. The most notable species here is the Greenland shark, Somniosus microcephalus, the second largest fish in Swedish waters.
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Etmopteridae | Etmopterus spinax | Velvet belly | Marine | Native and common | Vulnerable (VU) | |
| Somniosidae | Somniosus microcephalus | Greenland shark | Håkärring | Marine | Native and common | Data deficient (DD) |
| Squalidae | Squalus acanthias | Piked dogfish | Pigghaj | Marine | Native and common | Endangered (EN) |
Salmoniformes (salmon-like fish)
editThe Salmoniformes, salmon fish, are important both as food fish but also for sport fishers. For sport fishers, the salmon has the foremost position due to its strength and size. In popularity, it is followed by the brown trout (Salmo trutta).
Salmons are usually native to the marine, but a notable exception is the lake population in lake Vänern. As the salmon requires access to its native birth places through the streams, it is sensitive to power stations and other modifications of the streams. As a result, the salmon population has become extinct in some areas, but by stocking fish the population has been upheld. However, the artificial cultivation of salmon has also led to the negative side effects of diseases that have further threatened the salmon population.[28]
The brown trout is conveniently divided into three species: marine, lake, and stream trouts. It was previously thought that the three species were genetically different, but recent studies are now more in favour of attributing the differences to environmental differences. The marine population is endangered for the same reasons as the salmon, but in fresh water it is still common.[29]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salmonidae | Coregonus albula | Vendace | Siklöja | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Coregonus maraena | Maraene | Fresh water | Native and common | Not evaluated | |
| Salmonidae | Coregonus maxillaris | N/A | Storsik | Fresh and brackish water | Native only in Sweden; common | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Coregonus megalops | Lacustrine fluvial whitefish | Blåsik | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Coregonus nilssoni | N/A | Planktonsik | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Coregonus pallasii | N/A | Aspsik | Fresh water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Coregonus trybomi | N/A | Vårsiklöja | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Critically endangered (CR) |
| Salmonidae | Coregonus widegreni | Valaam whitefish | Sandsik | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Hucho hucho | Huchen | Donaulax | Fresh water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Cutthroat trout | Strupsnittsöring | Fresh water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Oncorhynchus gorbuscha | Pink salmon | Puckellax | Fresh and brackish water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Oncorhynchus kisutch | Coho salmon | Silverlax | Fresh and brackish water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Oncorhynchus mykiss | Rainbow trout | Regnbåge | Fresh and brackish water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Oncorhynchus nerka | Sockeye salmon | Indianlax | Fresh water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Salmo salar | Atlantic salmon | Lax | Fresh, marine and brackish water | Native and common | Least concern (LC), locally endangered (EN) |
| Salmonidae | Salmo trutta | Brown trout | Öring | Fresh, marine and brackish water | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
| Salmonidae | Salvelinus alpinus | Arctic char | Fjällröding | Fresh water | Native and common | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Salvelinus fontinalis | Brook trout | Bäckröding | Fresh water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Salvelinus namaycush | Lake trout | Canadaröding | Fresh water | Introduced | Not evaluated |
| Salmonidae | Thymallus thymallus | Greyling | Harr | Fresh and brackish water | Native and common | Least concern (LC) |
Stomiiformes (dragon-like fish)
editFish of this order are deep-sea ray-finned fishes of very diverse morphology, including dragonfish, lightfish, marine hatchetfish and viperfish. Primarily residing in temperate waters they are uncommon in Swedish waters.
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sternoptychidae | Argyropelecus olfersii | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Sternoptychidae | Maurolicus muelleri | Pearlsides | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Siluriformes (catfish)
editSiluriformes, or catfish, are a diverse order of fish distinguished by prominent barbels, which give the image of cat-like whiskers. In Swedish waters, the only species of this order is the wels catfish (Siluris glanis). This very large freshwater fish is common over much of continental Europe, and was once well known in Sweden. Today, its presence is only confirmed in the streams Helgeån, Emån and Båven.
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| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siluridae | Silurus glanis | Wels catfish | Mal | Fresh water | Native and common | Critically endangered (CR) |
Squatiniformes (angel sharks)
editThe order of angel sharks are uncommon in Nordic waters. A sporadic visitor is however the angelshark, Squatina squatina, encountered on a few occasions between 1875 and 1961.[30]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Squatinidae | Squatina squatina | Angelshark | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Tetraodontiformes
editTetraodontiformes are ray-finned fish, most of which are marine and dwell around tropical coral reefs. As such, they are only rarely encountered in Nordic waters. The large sunfish (Mola mola) has however in recent decades been seen with more regularly in Swedish waters, almost on a yearly basis.[31]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balistidae | Balistes capriscus | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Balistidae | Canthidermis maculata | N/A | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
| Molidae | Mola mola | Ocean sunfish | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
Zeiformes
editThe order Zeiformes is best known for the dories. Generally not native in Nordic waters, but the John Dory (Zeus faber) became an occasional visitor around Swedish coasts by the late 19th century, and has in the latest decades been seen with annual regularity, although not in such quantities that systematical fishing of it is conducted. The fish is otherwise an attractive food fish in southern Europe and other parts of the world.[32]
| Family | Scientific name | English name | Swedish name | Habitat | Occurrence | Red List status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zeidae | Zeus faber | John dory | Sanktpersfisk / Sankt Pers fisk | Marine | Sporadic | Not evaluated |
References
edit- ^ Kullander
- ^ (in Swedish)"Laxtobis" -- The Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish) "Stör" Archived 2005-09-03 at the Wayback Machine Website of Kent Andersson, Göteborg, Sweden, 2002. Accessed in June 2006
- ^ a b (in Swedish) "Europeisk ål"
- ^ (in Swedish)"Horngädda" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish) "Paddfisk" -- Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish) "Havsmus" -- Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish) "Sill" -- Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish) "Ansjovis" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish) "Skarpsill"
- ^ (in Swedish)"Brax" From the Swedish Fish Database
- ^ "Officiella sportfiskerekord i sötvatten", see link below
- ^ a b (in Swedish) "Torks"
- ^ (in Swedish) "Kolja"
- ^ (in Swedish) "Lake" -- Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish) "Storspigg" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish)"Marulk" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish) "Guldlax" (Argentina silus) -- The Swedish Fish Database
- ^ Swedish sportfishing, see link below
- ^ (in Swedish) "Abborre" -- Swedish Fish Database website
- ^ (in Swedish)"Piggvar" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish)"Rödspätta" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish)"Helgeflundra" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish)Nordisk familjebok, Owl Edition, article Helgeflundra
- ^ (in Swedish)"Mindre Kungsfisk" -- Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish) "Knot" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish)"Slätrocka" -- The Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish)"Lax, Atlantisk" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish)"Öring" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
- ^ (in Swedish) "Havsängel"
- ^ (in Swedish) "Klumpfisk"
- ^ (in Swedish) "Sankt Pers fisk" -- The Swedish Fish Database
Resources
edit- Kullander, S.O. 2002. Svenska fiskar: Förteckning över svenska fiskar. World Wide Web elektronisk publikation; Naturhistoriska riksmuseet. https://web.archive.org/web/20050826044135/http://www2.nrm.se/ve/pisces/allfish.shtml.se
- English/Latin names of fishes
- Swedish Sportfishers: Sportfishing Official Records in Fresh Waters -- Officiella rekord i svenska sötvatten
Literature
edit- Gärdenfors, U. (red). (2005). Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2005. [The 2005 Red List of Swedish Species]. Artdatabanken, Uppsala, 496 pp.
- Fries, B. Fr., C. U. Ekström & C. J. Sundewall. 1836-1857. Skandinaviens Fiskar. P.A. Norstedt & Söner, Stockholm, IV+222 ss. Appendix 1-44, 1-140, pl. 1-60.
- Kottelat, M. (1997). "European freshwater fishes: An heuristic checklist of the freshwater fishes of Europe (exclusive of former USSR), with an introduction for non-systematists and comments on nomenclature and conservation". Biologia, Zool., 52, suppl. 5: 1–271.