Paul I of Russia and his consort Maria Feodorovna, via nine children that lived to adulthood, had 30 legitimate grandchildren.
Moreover, through their grandchildren, Paul and Maria are ancestors of many European royals, including Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands, Felipe VI of Spain, Charles III of the United Kingdom, and Frederik X of Denmark.
| Name | Date of birth | Date of death | Mother | Father |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia | May 29, 1799 | July 8, 1800 | Elizabeth Alexeievna (Louise of Baden) | Alexander I of Russia |
| Paul Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | September 15, 1800 | March 7, 1842 | Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia | Friedrich Ludwig, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
| Archduchess Alexandrina Paulina of Austria | March 8, 1801 | March 8, 1801 | Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia | Archduke Joseph of Austria |
| Duchess Marie Louise of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | March 31, 1803 | October 26, 1862 | Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia | Friedrich Ludwig, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
| Prince Charles of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | September 25, 1805 | April 10, 1806 | Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia | Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach |
| Grand Duchess Elizabeth Alexandrovna of Russia | November 15, 1806 | May 12, 1808 | Elizabeth Alexeievna (Louise of Baden) | Alexander I of Russia |
| Princess Marie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | February 3, 1808 | January 18, 1877 | Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia | Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach |
| Duke Alexander Georgievich of Oldenburg | August 30, 1810 | November 16, 1829 | Catherine Pavlovna of Russia | Duke George of Oldenburg |
| Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | September 30, 1811 | January 7, 1890 | Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia | Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach |
| Duke Peter Georgievich of Oldenburg | August 26, 1812 | May 14, 1881 | Catherine Pavlovna of Russia | Duke George of Oldenburg |
| Princess Maria of Württemberg | October 30, 1816 | January 4, 1887 | Catherine Pavlovna of Russia | William I of Württemberg |
| William III of the Netherlands | February 19, 1817 | November 23, 1890 | Anna Pavlovna of Russia | William II of the Netherlands |
| Alexander II of Russia | April 29, 1818 | March 13, 1881 | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) | Nicholas I of Russia |
| Sophie of Württemberg | June 17, 1818 | June 3, 1877 | Catherine Pavlovna of Russia | William I of Württemberg |
| Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | June 24, 1818 | January 5, 1901 | Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia | Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach |
| Prince Alexander of the Netherlands | August 2, 1818 | February 2, 1848 | Anna Pavlovna of Russia | William II of the Netherlands |
| Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia | August 18, 1819 | February 21, 1876 | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) | Nicholas I of Russia |
| Prince Henry of the Netherlands | June 13, 1820 | January 14, 1879 | Anna Pavlovna of Russia | William II of the Netherlands |
| Prince Ernest Casimir of the Netherlands | May 21, 1822 | August 22, 1822 | Anna Pavlovna of Russia | William II of the Netherlands |
| Olga Nikolaevna of Russia | September 11, 1822 | October 30, 1892 | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) | Nicholas I of Russia |
| Princess Sophie of the Netherlands | April 8, 1824 | March 23, 1897 | Anna Pavlovna of Russia | William II of the Netherlands |
| Grand Duchess Maria Mikhailovna of Russia | March 9, 1825 | November 19, 1846 | Elena Pavlovna of Württemberg | Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of Russia |
| Grand Duchess Alexandra Nikolaevna of Russia | June 24, 1825 | August 10, 1844 | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) | Nicholas I of Russia |
| Grand Duchess Elizabeth Mikhailovna of Russia | May 26, 1826 | January 28, 1845 | Elena Pavlovna of Württemberg | Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of Russia |
| Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna of Russia | August 28, 1827 | May 12, 1894 | Elena Pavlovna of Württemberg | Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of Russia |
| Grand Duke Constantine Nikolaevich of Russia | September 9, 1827 | January 13, 1892 | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) | Nicholas I of Russia |
| Grand Duchess Alexandra Mikhailovna of Russia | January 28, 1831 | March 27, 1832 | Elena Pavlovna of Württemberg | Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of Russia |
| Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia | July 27, 1831 | April 13, 1891 | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) | Nicholas I of Russia |
| Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia | October 13, 1832 | December 18, 1909 | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) | Nicholas I of Russia |
| Grand Duchess Anna Mikhailovna of Russia | October 27, 1834 | March 22, 1836 | Elena Pavlovna of Württemberg | Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of Russia |