This is a list of hillforts on the Isle of Man. Found across Europe and the British Isles, hillforts are a type of prehistoric archaeological site dating to the Bronze Age and Iron Age, and to a lesser extent the post-Roman period. They are classically defined as small hilltop settlements fortified with earthworks, but many are not located on hills, and probably did not function as forts.[1] Their function is unclear; although conventionally interpreted as defensive fortifications[2] and centres of economic political power,[3] there is little evidence that they were ever attacked,[1] and more recent scholarship has suggested that they may be better interpreted as monuments.[4]
According to the Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland, there are up to twenty eight extant hillforts on Mann itself, and possibly two on the Calf of Man. All but two are on the coast.[5]
Ayre
edit- Cashtal Ree Gorree, also known as Balyhamig, a promontory fort located on the northwestern shore of the island. The site was first reported by German archaeologist Gerhard Bersu, who surveyed the island whilst being held there as a prisoner of war, in 1949.[6] P. J. Fowler of the RCHME revisited the site in 1984 and suggested it may in fact be a natural feature.[7] 54°23′28″N 4°28′45″W / 54.391°N 4.4793°W
- Cronk Sumark[8] 54°19′02″N 4°28′25″W / 54.3171°N 4.4736°W
- Vowlan[9] 54°20′02″N 4°23′05″W / 54.334°N 4.3846°W
Garff
editGlenfaba
edit- Borrane Ballelby[14] 54°10′30″N 4°44′09″W / 54.1749°N 4.7359°W
- Borrane Creglea[15] 54°10′00″N 4°44′28″W / 54.1667°N 4.741°W
- Buggane Mooar[16] 54°14′45″N 4°38′56″W / 54.2459°N 4.6488°W
- Cronk Mooar ny Traagh[17] 54°10′55″N 4°43′26″W / 54.182°N 4.7238°W
- Niarbyl[18] 54°09′44″N 4°44′23″W / 54.1623°N 4.7396°W
- Peel Castle[19] 54°13′35″N 4°41′55″W / 54.2265°N 4.6987°W
- Port y Candas[20] 54°12′13″N 4°37′44″W / 54.2035°N 4.629°W
Middle
edit- Cass ny Hawin[21] 54°05′27″N 4°36′15″W / 54.0909°N 4.6043°W
- Cronk ny Merriu[22] 54°06′09″N 4°34′31″W / 54.1026°N 4.5752°W
- Little Switzerland[23] 54°09′51″N 4°28′14″W / 54.1643°N 4.4706°W
- Meary Veg[24] 54°06′12″N 4°32′45″W / 54.1034°N 4.5459°W
- Purt ny Ceebagh[25] 54°06′05″N 4°34′18″W / 54.1013°N 4.5716°W
- Santon Burn[26] 54°05′35″N 4°36′18″W / 54.0931°N 4.6051°W
Rushen
edit
Cronk ny Merriu - Burroo Ned[28] 54°03′42″N 4°47′16″W / 54.0616°N 4.7877°W
- Caigher Point[29] 54°03′14″N 4°49′25″W / 54.054°N 4.8237°W
- Chapel Hill[30] 54°04′46″N 4°40′55″W / 54.0795°N 4.6819°W
- Close ny Chollagh[31] 54°04′12″N 4°40′57″W / 54.0699°N 4.6824°W
- Hango Broogh[32] 54°04′18″N 4°36′29″W / 54.0717°N 4.6081°W
- The Parade[33] 54°03′50″N 4°47′36″W / 54.0638°N 4.7932°W
- Towlfoggy[34] 54°04′05″N 4°44′30″W / 54.068°N 4.7417°W
- Langness Point[35] 54°03′18″N 4°37′53″W / 54.0549°N 4.6314°W
- South Barrule[36] 54°08′57″N 4°40′08″W / 54.1493°N 4.6688°W
References
edit- ^ a b Morris, Steven (21 June 2017). "Hill fort hotspots in UK and Ireland mapped for first time in online atlas". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
- ^ Hawkes, Christopher (1931). "Hill-Forts". Antiquity. 5 (17): 60–97. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00005603. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 246042804.
- ^ Cunliffe, Barrington Windsor (1974). Iron Age Communities in Britain: an account of England, Scotland and Wales from the seventh century BC until the Roman conquest. London: Routledge. OCLC 819799871.
- ^ Hamilton, Sue; Manley, John (2001). "Hillforts, monumentality and place: a chronological and topographic review of first millennium BC hillforts of south-east England". European Journal of Archaeology. 4 (1): 7–42. doi:10.1179/eja.2001.4.1.7. ISSN 1461-9571. S2CID 221325363.
- ^ "Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland". Retrieved 27 July 2017.
- ^ Bersu, Gerhard (1949). "A Promontory Fort on the Shore of Ramsey Bay, Isle of Man". The Antiquaries Journal. 29 (1–2): 62–79. doi:10.1017/S0003581500020710. ISSN 1758-5309. S2CID 161791260.
- ^ "Cashtal Ree Gorree". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Cronk Sumark". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Vowlan". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Ballure". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "The Cashtal". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Gob ny Garvain". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Maughold Head". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Borrane Ballelby". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Borrane Creglea". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Buggane Mooar". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Cronk Mooar ny Traagh". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Niarbyl". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Peel Castle". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Port y Candas". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Cass ny Hawin". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Cronk ny Merriu". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Little Switzerland". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Meary Veg". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Purt ny Ceebagh". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Santon Burn". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Buroo". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Burroo Ned". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Caigher Point". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Chapel Hill". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Close ny Chollagh". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Hango Broogh". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "The Parade". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Towlfoggy". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Langness Point". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "South Barrule". Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 4 November 2024.