Wikipedia

List of mammals of Alabama

The U.S. state of Alabama is home to these known indigenous mammal species.[1] Historically, the state's indigenous species included one armadillo species, sixteen bat species, thirteen carnivore species, six insectivore species, one opossum species, four rabbit species, twenty-two rodent species, and three ungulate species.[2][3][4][5][6][7] Four of these native species have become extirpated within the state, including the American bison (Bos bison), cougar (Puma concolor), red wolf (Canis rufus), and the elk (Cervus canadensis).[1][8]

There are six known introduced mammal species in the state. These include the black rat, brown rat, fallow deer, wild boar, house mouse, and nutria.[8]

Human predation and habitat destruction has placed several mammal species at risk of extirpation or extinction. The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources lists the conservation status of each species within the state with a rank of lowest, low, moderate, high, and highest concern.[3][5][6][7][8]

Armadillo

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Image Scientific name Common name Family Conservation
concern
  Dasypus novemcinctus nine-banded armadillo
common long-nosed armadillo		 Dasypodidae Low

Bats

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Image Scientific name Common name Family Conservation
concern
  Corynorhinus rafinesquii Rafinesque's big-eared bat Vespertilionidae Highest
  Eptesicus fuscus big brown bat Vespertilionidae Lowest
  Lasionycteris noctivagans silver-haired bat Vespertilionidae Moderate
  Lasiurus borealis eastern red bat Vespertilionidae Lowest
  Lasiurus cinereus hoary bat Vespertilionidae Moderate
Lasiurus intermedius northern yellow bat Vespertilionidae High
  Lasiurus seminolus Seminole bat Vespertilionidae Lowest
  Myotis austroriparius southeastern myotis Vespertilionidae High
  Myotis grisescens gray bat Vespertilionidae Highest
  Myotis leibii eastern small-footed myotis Vespertilionidae Moderate
  Myotis lucifugus little brown bat Vespertilionidae High
  Myotis septentrionalis northern long-eared myotis Vespertilionidae High
  Myotis sodalis Indiana myotis Vespertilionidae Highest
  Nycticeius humeralis evening bat Vespertilionidae Lowest
  Perimyotis subflavus eastern pipistrelle
tricolored bat		 Vespertilionidae Lowest
  Tadarida brasiliensis Mexican free-tailed bat
Brazilian free-tailed bat		 Molossidae High

Carnivores

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Image Scientific name Common name Family Conservation
concern
  Canis latrans coyote Canidae Lowest
  Canis rufus red wolf Canidae Extirpated
  Urocyon cinereoargenteus gray fox Canidae Lowest
  Vulpes vulpes red fox Canidae Lowest
  Ursus americanus American black bear Ursidae Highest


Range limited to northeast Alabama and Mobile-Tensaw River Delta.
Designated as state land mammal.

  Procyon lotor raccoon Procyonidae Lowest
  Lontra canadensis North American river otter Mustelidae Low
  Neogale frenata long-tailed weasel Mustelidae High
  Neogale vison American mink Mustelidae Low
  Mephitis mephitis striped skunk Mephitidae Low
  Spilogale putorius eastern spotted skunk Mephitidae High
  Lynx rufus bobcat Felidae Lowest
  Puma concolor cougar
mountain lion
panther
puma
 Felidae Extirpated

Eulipotyphlans

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Image Scientific name Common name Family Conservation
concern
  Blarina brevicauda northern short-tailed shrew Soricidae Moderate
  Blarina carolinensis southern short-tailed shrew Soricidae Moderate
  Cryptotis parva North American least shrew Soricidae Moderate
Sorex hoyi American pygmy shrew Soricidae High
  Sorex longirostris southeastern shrew Soricidae Moderate
  Scalopus aquaticus eastern mole Talpidae Low

Opossums

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Image Scientific name Common name Family Conservation
concern
  Didelphis virginiana Virginia opossum
North American opossum		 Didelphidae Low

Rabbits

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Image Scientific name Common name Family Conservation
concern
  Sylvilagus aquaticus swamp rabbit Leporidae Low
  Sylvilagus floridanus eastern cottontail Leporidae Lowest
  Sylvilagus obscurus Appalachian cottontail Leporidae High
  Sylvilagus palustris marsh rabbit Leporidae High

Rodents

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Image Scientific name Common name Family Conservation
concern
  Castor canadensis North American beaver Castoridae Lowest
  Glaucomys volans southern flying squirrel Sciuridae Lowest
  Marmota monax woodchuck
groundhog		 Sciuridae Lowest
  Sciurus carolinensis eastern gray squirrel Sciuridae Lowest
  Sciurus niger fox squirrel
eastern fox squirrel
Bryant's fox squirrel		 Sciuridae Low
  Tamias striatus eastern chipmunk Sciuridae Lowest
  Geomys pinetis southeastern pocket gopher Geomyidae High
  Microtus ochrogaster prairie vole Cricetidae Moderate
  Microtus pinetorum pine vole
woodland vole		 Cricetidae Low
  Neotoma cinerea eastern woodrat
Florida woodrat		 Cricetidae Moderate
  Neotoma magister Allegheny woodrat Cricetidae High
  Ochrotomys nuttalli golden mouse Cricetidae Lowest
  Ondatra zibethicus muskrat Cricetidae Lowest
  Oryzomys palustris marsh rice rat Cricetidae Lowest
  Peromyscus gossypinus cotton mouse Cricetidae Lowest
  Peromyscus leucopus white-footed mouse Cricetidae Lowest
  Peromyscus polionotus oldfield mouse
beach mouse		 Cricetidae Moderate
  Peromyscus polionotus ammobates Alabama beach mouse Cricetidae Highest


Range limited to Fort Morgan Peninsula and Ono Island in Baldwin County.

  Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis Perdido Key beach mouse Cricetidae Highest

Range limited to the barrier island of Perdido Key in Baldwin County, Alabama and Escambia County, Florida.
  Reithrodontomys humulis eastern harvest mouse Cricetidae Moderate
  Sigmodon hispidus hispid cotton rat Cricetidae Lowest
  Mus musculus house mouse Muridae Introduced
  Rattus rattus black rat Muridae Introduced
  Rattus norvegicus Norway rat
brown rat		 Muridae Introduced
  Zapus hudsonius meadow jumping mouse Dipodidae High
  Myocastor coypus nutria
coypu
river rat		 Myocastoridae Introduced

Cetaceans

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Image Scientific name Common name Family Conservation
concern
  Eubalaena glacialis North Atlantic right whale Balaenidae Critically endangered
  Balaenoptera ricei Rice's whale Balaenopteridae Critically endangered
  Balaenoptera acutorostrata common minke whale Balaenopteridae Least concern
  Balaenoptera borealis sei whale Balaenopteridae Endangered
  Balaenoptera brydei Bryde's whale Balaenopteridae Least concern
  Balaenoptera musculus blue whale Balaenopteridae Endangered
  Balaenoptera physalus fin whale Balaenopteridae Vulnerable
  Megaptera novaeangliae humpback whale Balaenopteridae Least concern
  Physeter macrocephalus sperm whale Physeteridae Vulnerable
  Kogia breviceps pygmy sperm whale Kogiidae Least concern
  Kogia sima dwarf sperm whale Kogiidae Least concern
  Mesoplodon bidens Sowerby's beaked whale Ziphiidae Least concern
  Mesoplodon densirostris Blainville's beaked whale Ziphiidae Least concern
  Mesoplodon europaeus Gervais' beaked whale Ziphiidae Least concern
  Peponocephala electra melon-headed whale Ziphiidae Least concern
  Ziphius cavirostris Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphiidae Least concern
  Feresa attenuata pygmy killer Whale Delphinidae Least concern
  Globicephala macrorhynchus short-finned pilot whale Delphinidae Least concern
  Grampus griseus Risso's dolphin Delphinidae Least concern
  Lagenodelphis hosei Fraser's dolphin Delphinidae Least concern
  Orcinus orca killer whale Delphinidae Data deficient
  Pseudorca crassidens false killer Whale Delphinidae Near threatened
  Stenella frontalis Atlantic spotted dolphin Delphinidae Least concern
  Stenella coeruleoalba striped dolphin Delphinidae Least concern
  Stenella attenuata pantropical spotted dolphin Delphinidae Least concern
  Stenella longirostris spinner dolphin Delphinidae Least concern
  Stenella clymene Clymene dolphin Delphinidae Least concern
  Steno bredanensis rough-toothed dolphin Delphinidae Least concern
  Tursiops truncatus common bottlenose dolphin Delphinidae Least concern

Ungulates

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Image Scientific name Common name Family Conservation
concern
  Bison bison American bison
American buffalo		 Bovidae Extirpated
  Cervus canadensis elk Cervidae Extirpated; reintroduction in 1920s failed[9]
  Dama dama fallow deer Cervidae Introduced
  Odocoileus virginianus white-tailed deer
Virginia deer		 Cervidae Lowest
  Sus scrofa wild boar Suidae Introduced

References

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  1. ^ a b Mirarchi, Ralph E. (2004). Alabama Wildlife: Volume One. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press. pp. 185–202. ISBN 978-0-81735-1304.
  2. ^ Alden, Peter (1999). National Audubon Society Field Guide to the Southeastern States. New York, New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 350–375. ISBN -0-679-44683-4.
  3. ^ a b "Bats". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
  4. ^ "Carnivores". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
  5. ^ a b "Insectivores". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
  6. ^ a b "Rabbits". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 14, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
  7. ^ a b "Rodents". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
  8. ^ a b c "Mammals". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 27, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
  9. ^ "The Alabama Elk Experiment".
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