Wikipedia

List of ministers of infrastructure of the Netherlands

The minister of infrastructure and water management (Dutch: Minister van Infrastructuur en Waterstaat) is the head of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management and a member of the Cabinet and the Council of Ministers. The incumbent minister is Barry Madlener of the Party for Freedom (PVV) who has been in office since 2 July 2024. Regularly, a state secretary is assigned to the ministry who is tasked with specific portfolios. Chris Jansen of the PVV has been serving as state secretary since 2 July 2024, and he has been assigned the portfolios of public transport and the environment (excluding climate).

Minister of Infrastructure
and Water Management
of the Netherlands
Minister van Infrastructuur
en Waterstaat
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management
Flag of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Minister of Infrastructure and Water Management Mark Harbers
since 2 July 2024; 4 months ago (2024-07-02)
Ministry of Infrastructure
and Water Management
StyleHis/Her Excellency
Member ofCouncil of Ministers
AppointerThe Monarch
on advice of the Prime Minister
First holderAdriaan Twent van Raaphorst
as Minister of Water Management 27 May 1809; 215 years ago (1809-05-27)

Steef van Schaik
as Minister of Transport
25 June 1945; 79 years ago (1945-06-25)

Hein Vos
as Minister of Transport
and Water Management
1 March 1947; 77 years ago (1947-03-01)

Melanie Schultz van Haegen
as Minister of Infrastructure
14 October 2010; 14 years ago (2010-10-14)
DeputyChris Jansen
as State Secretary for Public Transport and the Environment
Salary€157,287 (As of 2017)
(including €4,193 of expenses)
WebsiteMinister of Infrastructure and Water Management

List of ministers of infrastructure

edit

For full list, see List of ministers of transport of the Netherlands. (in Dutch)

Minister of Water Management,
Commerce and Industry 		Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
  Johannes Tak
van Poortvliet
(1839–1904) 		3 November 1877 –
20 August 1879 		Independent
Liberal
(Classical Liberal) 		Jan Kappeyne van
de Coppello
(Kappeyne van
de Coppello)
[1]
  Jonkheer
Guillaume Klerck
(1825–1884) 		20 August 1879 –
23 April 1883 		Independent
Liberal
(Conservative Liberal) 		Theo van Lynden
van Sandenburg
(Van Lynden
van Sandenburg)
[2]
  Johannes van den Bergh
(1824–1890) 		23 April 1883 –
10 June 1887
[Res] 		Independent
Christian Democrat
(Conservative Catholic) 		Jan Heemskerk
(J. Heemskerk)
[3]
  Frederik Cornelis Tromp
(Minister of the Navy)
(1828–1900) 		10 June 1887 –
11 July 1887
[Ad interim] 		Independent
Liberal
(Conservative Liberal)
  Jacob Bastert
(1826–1902) 		11 July 1887 –
21 April 1888 		Independent
Liberal
(Conservative Liberal)
  Jacob Havelaar
(1840–1918) 		21 April 1888 –
21 August 1891 		Anti-Revolutionary Party Aeneas Mackay
(Mackay)
[4]
  Cornelis Lely
(1854–1929) 		21 August 1891 –
9 May 1894 		Liberal Union Gijsbert van Tienhoven
(Van Tienhoven)
[5]
  Philippe van
der Sleijden
(1842–1923) 		9 May 1894 –
27 July 1897 		Independent
Liberal
(Classical Liberal) 		Joan Röell
(Röell)
[6]
  Cornelis Lely
(1854–1929) 		27 July 1897 –
1 August 1901 		Liberal Union Nicolaas Pierson
(Pierson)
[7]
  Johannes Christiaan
de Marez Oyens
(1845–1911) 		1 August 1901 –
17 August 1905 		Anti-Revolutionary Party Abraham Kuyper
(Kuyper)
[8]
  Jacob Kraus
(1861–1951) 		17 August 1905 –
1 July 1906 		Liberal Union Theo de Meester
(De Meester)
[9]
Minister of Water
Management 		Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
  Dr.
Jacob Kraus
(1861–1951) 		1 July 1906 –
12 February 1908 		Liberal Union Theo de Meester
(De Meester)
[9]
  Jean Bevers
(1852–1909) 		12 February 1908 –
5 January 1909
[Died] 		General League of
Roman Catholic
Caucuses 		Theo Heemskerk
(T. Heemskerk)
[10]
  Syb Talma
(Minister of Agriculture,
Industry and Commerce)
(1864–1916) 		5 January 1909 –
21 January 1909
[Ad interim] 		Anti-Revolutionary Party
  Louis Regout
(1861–1915) 		21 January 1909 –
29 August 1913 		General League of
Roman Catholic
Caucuses
  Dr.
Cornelis Lely
(1854–1929) 		29 August 1913 –
9 September 1918 		Liberal Union Pieter Cort van
der Linden
(Cort van der Linden)
[11]
  Adrianus König
(1867–1944) 		9 September 1918 –
18 September 1922 		Roman Catholic
State Party 		Charles Ruijs de
Beerenbrouck
(Ruijs de Beerenbrouck I)
[12]
  Dr.
Gerard van Swaay
(1867–1945) 		18 September 1922 –
4 August 1925 		Roman Catholic
State Party 		Charles Ruijs de
Beerenbrouck
(Ruijs de Beerenbrouck II)
[13]
  Max Bongaerts
(1875–1959) 		4 August 1925 –
8 March 1926 		Roman Catholic
State Party 		Hendrikus Colijn
(Colijn I)
[14]
  Hendrik van der Vegte
(1868–1933) 		8 March 1926 –
10 August 1929 		Anti-Revolutionary Party Dirk Jan de Geer
(De Geer I)
[15]
  Paul Reymer
(1882–1952) 		10 August 1929 –
26 May 1933 		Roman Catholic
State Party 		Charles Ruijs de
Beerenbrouck
(Ruijs de Beerenbrouck III)
[16]
  Jacob Kalff
(1869–1935) 		26 May 1933 –
13 January 1935
[Died] 		Liberal State Party Hendrikus Colijn
(Colijn II)
[17]
  Dr.
Hendrikus Colijn
(Prime Minister)
(1869–1944) 		13 January 1935 –
15 March 1935
[Ad interim] 		Anti-Revolutionary Party
  Jonkheer
Otto van Lidth
de Jeude
(1881–1952) 		15 March 1935 –
24 June 1937 		Liberal State Party
Hendrikus Colijn
(Colijn III)
[18]
  Dr.
Johan van Buuren
(1884–1970) 		24 June 1937 –
25 July 1939 		Independent
Liberal
(Conservative Liberal) 		Hendrikus Colijn
(Colijn IV)
[19]
  Jonkheer
Otto van Lidth
de Jeude
(1881–1952) 		25 July 1939 –
10 August 1939 		Liberal State Party Hendrikus Colijn
(Colijn V)
[20]
  Willem Albarda
(also Minister of Finance
1941–1942)
(1877–1957) 		10 August 1939 –
23 February 1945 		Social Democratic
Workers' Party 		Dirk Jan de Geer
(De Geer II)
[21]
Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy
(Gerbrandy I • II)
[22]
  Frans Wijffels
(Minister of Social Affairs)
(1899–1968) 		23 February 1945 –
4 April 1945
[Ad interim] 		Roman Catholic
State Party 		Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy
(Gerbrandy III)
[23]
  Theo Tromp
(1903–1984) 		4 April 1945 –
25 June 1945 		Independent
Liberal
(Classical Liberal)
Minister of Transport
and Energy 		Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
  Steef van Schaik
(1888–1968) 		25 June 1945 –
3 July 1946 		Roman Catholic
State Party 		Willem
Schermerhorn
(Schermerhorn–
Drees)
[24]
Catholic
People's Party
Minister of Transport Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
  Hein Vos
(1903–1972) 		3 July 1946 –
1 March 1947 		Labour Party Louis Beel
(Beel I)
[25]
Minister of Transport
and Water Management 		Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
  Hein Vos
(1903–1972) 		1 March 1947 –
7 August 1948 		Labour Party Louis Beel
(Beel I)
[25]
  Josef van Schaik
(1882–1962)
[Deputy] 		7 August 1948 –
1 November 1948
[Acting] [Minister] 		Catholic
People's Party 		Willem Drees
(Drees–
Van Schaik)
[26]
  Derk Spitzen
(1896–1957) 		1 November 1948 –
15 March 1951 		Independent
Christian Democratic
Protestant
  Hendrik Wemmers
(1897–1983) 		15 March 1951 –
2 September 1952 		Independent
Christian Democratic
Protestant 		Willem Drees
(Drees I)
[27]
  Jacob Algera
(1902–1966) 		2 September 1952 –
10 October 1958
[Res] 		Anti-Revolutionary
Party 		Willem Drees
(Drees II)
[28]
Willem Drees
(Drees III)
[29]
  Herman Witte
(1909–1973) 		10 October 1958 –
1 November 1958
[Ad Interim] [Minister] 		Catholic
People's Party
  Jan van Aartsen
(1909–1992) 		1 November 1958 –
19 May 1959 		Anti-Revolutionary
Party
Louis Beel
(Beel II)
[30]
  Henk Korthals
(1911–1976)
[Deputy] 		19 May 1959 –
24 July 1963
[Minister] 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Jan de Quay
(De Quay)
[31]
  Jan van Aartsen
(1909–1992) 		24 July 1963 –
14 April 1965 		Anti-Revolutionary
Party 		Victor Marijnen
(Marijnen)
[32]
  Ko Suurhoff
(1905–1967) 		14 April 1965 –
1 May 1966
[Note] 		Labour Party Jo Cals
(Cals)
[33]
  Pieter Bogaers
(1924–2008) 		1 May 1966 –
30 June 1966
[Acting] [Minister] 		Catholic
People's Party
  Ko Suurhoff
(1905–1967) 		30 June 1966 –
22 November 1966 		Labour Party
  Dr.
Jan de Quay
(1901–1985)
[Deputy] 		22 November 1966 –
5 April 1967 		Catholic
People's Party 		Jelle Zijlstra
(Zijlstra)
[34]
  Joop Bakker
(1921–2003)
[Deputy] 		5 April 1967 –
6 July 1971
[Minister] 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Piet de Jong
(De Jong)
[35]
  Dr.
Willem Drees Jr.
(1922–1998) 		6 July 1971 –
21 July 1972
[Res] 		Democratic
Socialists '70 		Barend Biesheuvel
(Biesheuvel I)
[36]
Barend Biesheuvel
(Biesheuvel II)
[36]
  Bé Udink
(1926–2016) 		21 July 1972 –
11 May 1973
[Minister] 		Christian
Historical Union
  Tjerk Westerterp
(1930–2023) 		11 May 1973 –
19 December 1977 		Catholic
People's Party 		Joop den Uyl
(Den Uyl)
[37]
  Dany Tuijnman
(1915–1992) 		19 December 1977 –
11 September 1981 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Dries van Agt
(Van Agt I)
[38]
  Henk Zeevalking
(1922–2005) 		11 September 1981 –
4 November 1982 		Democrats 66 Dries van Agt
(Van Agt II • III)
[39][40]
  Neelie Kroes
(born 1941) 		4 November 1982 –
7 November 1989 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Ruud Lubbers
(Lubbers I • II)
[41][42]
  Hanja
Maij-Weggen
(born 1943) 		7 November 1989 –
16 July 1994
[Res] 		Christian
Democratic Appeal 		Ruud Lubbers
(Lubbers III)
[43]
  Dr.
Koos Andriessen
(1928–2019) 		16 July 1994 –
22 August 1994
[Acting] [Minister] 		Christian
Democratic Appeal
  Annemarie
Jorritsma
(born 1950) 		22 August 1994 –
3 August 1998 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Wim Kok
(Kok I)
[44]
  Tineke Netelenbos
(born 1944) 		3 August 1998 –
22 July 2002 		Labour Party Wim Kok
(Kok II)
[45]
  Roelf de Boer
(born 1944)
[Deputy] 		22 July 2002 –
27 May 2003 		Pim Fortuyn List Jan Peter
Balkenende
(Balkenende I)
[46]
  Karla Peijs
(born 1944) 		27 May 2003 –
22 February 2007 		Christian
Democratic Appeal 		Jan Peter
Balkenende
(Balkenende II • III)
[47][48]
  Camiel Eurlings
(born 1973) 		22 February 2007 –
14 October 2010 		Christian
Democratic Appeal 		Jan Peter
Balkenende
(Balkenende IV)
[49]
Minister of Infrastructure
and the Environment 		Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
  Melanie Schultz
van Haegen
(born 1970) 		14 October 2010 –
26 October 2017 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Mark Rutte
(Rutte I • II)
[50][51]
Minister of Infrastructure
and Water Management 		Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
  Cora van
Nieuwenhuizen
(born 1963) 		26 October 2017 –
31 August 2021
[Res] 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Mark Rutte
(Rutte III)
[52]
  Barbara Visser
(born 1977) 		31 August 2021 –
10 January 2022 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy
  Mark Harbers
(born 1969) 		10 January 2022 –
2 July 2024 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Mark Rutte
(Rutte IV)
[53]
  Barry Madlener
(born 1969) 		2 July 2024 –
Incumbent 		Party for Freedom Dick Schoof
(Schoof)
[54]
Resigned
Resigned following election to the European Parliament
Acting
Ad Interim
Died in office
Deputy Prime Minister
Deputy Prime Minister from 18 October 2002
Medical leave of absence from 1 May 1966 until 30 June 1966
Minister without Portfolio for the Interior
Minister of Housing and Construction
Minister for Kingdom Relations
Minister of Housing and Spatial Planning
Minister of Economic Affairs

List of state secretaries for infrastructure

edit
State Secretary for Transport
and Water Management 		Portfolio(s) Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
  Eddie Stijkel
(1918–1982) 		• Public
Transport
• Aviation
• Rail Transport
• Water
Management 		15 October 1959 –
24 July 1963 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Jan de Quay
(De Quay)
[31]
  Mike Keyzer
(1911–1983) 		• Public
Transport
• Aviation
• Rail Transport
• Weather
Forecasting 		22 October 1963 –
14 April 1965 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Victor Marijnen
(Marijnen)
[32]
  Siep Posthumus
(1910–1987) 		• Public
Transport
• Rail Transport
• Weather
Forecasting 		4 May 1965 –
22 November 1966 		Labour Party Jo Cals
(Cals)
[33]
  Leo de Block
(1904–1988) 		• Public
Transport
• Rail Transport
• Weather
Forecasting 		22 November 1966 –
5 April 1967
[State Secretary] 		Catholic
People's Party 		Jelle Zijlstra
(Zijlstra)
[34]
  Mike Keyzer
(1911–1983) 		• Public
Transport
• Aviation
• Rail Transport
• Water
Management
• Weather
Forecasting 		18 April 1967 –
6 July 1971 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Piet de Jong
(De Jong)
[35]
  Dr.
Roelof Kruisinga
(1922–2012) 		• Public
Infrastructure
• Public
Transport
• Rail Transport
• Water
Management
• Postal Service
• Weather
Forecasting 		28 July 1971 –
20 March 1973
[Res] 		Christian
Historical Union 		Barend Biesheuvel
(Biesheuvel I • II)
[36]
  Dr.
Michel van Hulten
(born 1930) 		• Public
Infrastructure
• Public
Transport
• Postal Service 		11 May 1973 –
19 December 1977 		Political Party
of Radicals 		Joop den Uyl
(Den Uyl)
[37]
  Neelie Kroes
(born 1941) 		• Public
Infrastructure
• Public
Transport
• Rail Transport
• Water
Management
• Postal Service
• Weather
Forecasting 		28 December 1977 –
11 September 1981 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Dries van Agt
(Van Agt I)
[38]
  Jaap van
der Doef
(born 1934) 		• Public
Transport
• Aviation
• Water
Management
• Postal Service
• Weather
Forecasting 		11 September 1981 –
29 May 1982
[Res] 		Labour Party Dries van Agt
(Van Agt II)
[39]
  Jaap
Scherpenhuizen
(1934–2012) 		• Public
Infrastructure
• Public
Transport
• Postal Service
• Weather
Forecasting 		8 November 1982 –
14 July 1986 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Ruud Lubbers
(Lubbers I)
[41]
Not in use
(1986–1998)
  Monique de Vries
(born 1947) 		• Telecommunication
• Water
Management
• Postal Service
• Weather
Forecasting 		3 August 1998 –
22 July 2002 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Wim Kok
(Kok II)
[45]
  Melanie Schultz
van Haegen
(born 1970) 		• Public
Infrastructure
• Public
Transport
• Aviation
• Rail Transport
• Water
Management
• Weather
Forecasting 		22 July 2002 –
22 February 2007 		People's Party
for Freedom and
Democracy 		Jan Peter
Balkenende
(Balkenende I • II • III)
[46][47][48]
  Tineke Huizinga
(born 1960) 		• Public
Transport
• Water
Management
• Weather
Forecasting 		22 February 2007 –
23 February 2010
[App] 		Christian Union Jan Peter
Balkenende
(Balkenende IV)
[49]
State Secretary for Infrastructure
and the Environment 		Portfolio Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
  Joop Atsma
(born 1956) 		• Aviation
• Water
Management
• Environmental
Policy
• Weather
Forecasting 		14 October 2010 –
5 November 2012 		Christian
Democratic Appeal 		Mark Rutte
(Rutte I)
[50]
  Wilma Mansveld
(born 1962) 		• Public
Transport
• Aviation
• Rail Transport
• Environmental
Policy
• Weather
Forecasting
[Title] 		5 November 2012 –
28 October 2015
[Res] 		Labour Party Mark Rutte
(Rutte II)
[51]
  Sharon Dijksma
(born 1971) 		3 November 2015 –
26 October 2017 		Labour Party
State Secretary for Infrastructure
and Water Management 		Portfolio(s) Term of office Party Prime Minister
(Cabinet)
  Stientje van
Veldhoven
(born 1973) 		• Public
Transport
• Rail Transport
• Water
Management
• Environmental
Policy
• Weather
Forecasting 		26 October 2017 –
1 November 2019 		Democrats 66 Mark Rutte
(Rutte III)
[52]
14 April 2020 –
10 August 2021
[Res]
  Steven van
Weyenberg
(born 1973) 		10 August 2021 –
10 January 2022 		Democrats 66
  Vivianne
Heijnen
(born 1982) 		• Aviation
• Water
Management
• Weather
Forecasting 		10 January 2022 –
24 May 2024 		Christian
Democratic Appeal 		Mark Rutte
(Rutte IV)
[53]
  Chris Jansen
(born 1966) 		• Public
Transport
• Environmental
Policy 		2 July 2024 –
Incumbent 		Party for Freedom Dick Schoof
(Schoof)
[54]
Resigned
Appointed as Minister of Social Affairs and Health
Designated with the diplomatic rank of Minister
State Secretary for Foreign Affairs
Appointed as Minister of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ "Kabinet-Kappeyne van de Coppello". KappeynevandeCoppello. Parlement & Politiek.
  2. ^ "Kabinet-Van Lynden van Sandenburg". VanLyndenvanSandenburg. Parlement & Politiek.
  3. ^ "Kabinet-Heemskerk Azn". J.Heemskerk. Parlement & Politiek.
  4. ^ "Kabinet-Mackay". Mackay. Parlement & Politiek.
  5. ^ "Kabinet-Van Tienhoven". VanTienhoven. Parlement & Politiek.
  6. ^ "Kabinet-Röell". Röell. Parlement & Politiek.
  7. ^ "Kabinet-Pierson". Pierson. Parlement & Politiek.
  8. ^ "Kabinet-Kuyper". Kuyper. Parlement & Politiek.
  9. ^ a b "Kabinet-De Meester". DeMeester. Parlement & Politiek.
  10. ^ "Kabinet-Heemskerk". THeemskerk. Parlement & Politiek.
  11. ^ "Kabinet-Cort van der Linden". CortvanderLinden. Parlement & Politiek.
  12. ^ "Kabinet-Ruijs de Beerenbrouck I". RuijsDeBeerenbrouckI. Parlement & Politiek.
  13. ^ "Kabinet-Ruijs de Beerenbrouck II". RuijsDeBeerenbrouckII. Parlement & Politiek.
  14. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn I". ColijnI. Parlement & Politiek.
  15. ^ "Kabinet-De Geer I". DeGeerI. Parlement & Politiek.
  16. ^ "Kabinet-Ruijs de Beerenbrouck III". RuijsdeBeerenbrouckIII. Parlement & Politiek.
  17. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn II". ColijnII. Parlement & Politiek.
  18. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn III". ColijnIII. Parlement & Politiek.
  19. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn IV". ColijnIV. Parlement & Politiek.
  20. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn V". ColijnV. Parlement & Politiek.
  21. ^ "Kabinet-De Geer II". DeGeerII. Parlement & Politiek.
  22. ^ "Kabinet-Gerbrandy I / II". GerbrandyI/II. Parlement & Politiek.
  23. ^ "Kabinet-Gerbrandy III". GerbrandyIII. Parlement & Politiek.
  24. ^ "Kabinet-Schermerhorn-Drees". SchermerhornDrees. Rijksoverheid.
  25. ^ a b "Kabinet-Beel I". BeelI. Rijksoverheid.
  26. ^ "Kabinet-Drees-Van Schaik". DreesVanSchaik. Rijksoverheid.
  27. ^ "Kabinet-Drees I". DreesI. Rijksoverheid.
  28. ^ "Kabinet-Drees II". DreesII. Rijksoverheid.
  29. ^ "Kabinet-Drees III". DreesIII. Rijksoverheid.
  30. ^ "Kabinet-Beel II". BeelII. Rijksoverheid.
  31. ^ a b "Kabinet-De Quay". DeQuay. Rijksoverheid.
  32. ^ a b "Kabinet-Marijnen". Marijnen. Rijksoverheid.
  33. ^ a b "Kabinet-Cals". Cals. Rijksoverheid.
  34. ^ a b "Kabinet-Zijlstra". Zijlstra. Rijksoverheid.
  35. ^ a b "Kabinet-De Jong". De Jong. Rijksoverheid.
  36. ^ a b c "Kabinet-Biesheuvel". Biesheuvel. Rijksoverheid.
  37. ^ a b "Kabinet-Den Uyl". DenUyl. Rijksoverheid.
  38. ^ a b "Kabinet-Van Agt I". VanAgtI. Rijksoverheid.
  39. ^ a b "Kabinet-Van Agt II". VanAgtII. Rijksoverheid.
  40. ^ "Kabinet-Van Agt III". VanAgtIII. Rijksoverheid.
  41. ^ a b "Kabinet-Lubbers I". LubbersI. Rijksoverheid.
  42. ^ "Kabinet-Lubbers II". LubbersII. Rijksoverheid.
  43. ^ "Kabinet-Lubbers III". LubbersIII. Rijksoverheid.
  44. ^ "Kabinet-Kok I". KokI. Rijksoverheid.
  45. ^ a b "Kabinet-Kok II". KokII. Rijksoverheid.
  46. ^ a b "Kabinet-Balkenende I". BalkenendeI. Rijksoverheid.
  47. ^ a b "Kabinet-Balkenende II". BalkenendeII. Rijksoverheid.
  48. ^ a b "Kabinet-Balkenende III". BalkenendeIII. Rijksoverheid.
  49. ^ a b "Kabinet-Balkenende IV". BalkenendeIV. Rijksoverheid.
  50. ^ a b "Kabinet-Rutte-Verhagen". RutteI. Rijksoverheid.
  51. ^ a b "Kabinet-Rutte-Asscher". RutteII. Rijksoverheid.
  52. ^ a b "Kabinet-Rutte III". RutteIII. Rijksoverheid.
  53. ^ a b "Kabinet-Rutte IV". RutteIV. Rijksoverheid.
  54. ^ a b "Kabinet-Schoof". Schoof. Rijksoverheid.
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