Municipal amalgamation is one of five forms of municipal restructuring in the Province of Alberta.[1] Under current legislation, the authority to amalgamate two or more municipalities is provided under Division 5 of the Municipal Government Act.[2]
The first amalgamation in Alberta involving one or more urban municipalities occurred on February 1, 1912, when the cities of Strathcona and Edmonton merged to form a single municipal government under the name of the City of Edmonton.[3] The most recent amalgamation occurred on January 1, 2023, when the towns of Turner Valley and Black Diamond merged into the newly created town of Diamond Valley.[4]
List of urban municipality amalgamations
editThe following is a chronological list of historic municipal amalgamations in Alberta involving at least one or more urban municipalities.
| Amalgamating municipalities | Previous statuses | Effective date | Formed municipality | Status of formed municipality |
Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edmonton Strathcona |
City City |
February 1, 1912[3] | Edmonton | City | |
| Edmonton North Edmonton |
City Village |
July 18, 1912[3] | Edmonton | City | |
| Edmonton West Edmonton |
City Village |
April 17, 1917[3] | Edmonton | City | |
| Lloydminster (AB) Lloydminster (SK) |
Village (AB) Town (SK) |
May 22, 1930[5] | Lloydminster (AB/SK) | Town | Lloydminster subsequently changed to city status on January 1, 1958.[5] |
| Drinnan Hinton |
Village New town |
April 1, 1957[6][7] | Hinton | New town | Hinton subsequently changed to town status on December 29, 1958.[8] |
| Calgary Forest Lawn |
City Town |
December 30, 1961[9][10] | Calgary | City | |
| Beverly Edmonton |
Town City |
December 31, 1961[3] | Edmonton | City | |
| Calgary Montgomery |
City Village |
August 15, 1963[11][12] | Calgary | City | |
| Bowness Calgary |
Town City |
August 15, 1964[13][14] | Calgary | City | |
| Edmonton Jasper Place |
City Town |
December 17, 1964[3] | Edmonton | City | |
| Bellevue Blairmore Coleman Frank Improvement District No. 5 |
Village Town Town Village Improvement district |
January 1, 1979[15] | Crowsnest Pass | Town | Official legal name of the formed municipality became Municipality of Crowsnest Pass. The town subsequently changed to specialized municipality status on January 16, 2008.[15] |
| Fort McMurray Improvement District No. 143 |
City Improvement district |
April 1, 1995[16] | Wood Buffalo | Specialized municipality | Official legal name of the formed municipality became Municipality of Wood Buffalo, which changed its official legal name to Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo on August 14, 1996.[16] |
| Crowsnest Pass Improvement District No. 6 |
Town Improvement district |
January 1, 1996[15] | Crowsnest Pass | Town | The town subsequently changed to specialized municipality status on January 16, 2008.[15] |
| Cold Lake Grand Centre |
Town Town |
October 1, 1996[17] | Cold Lake | Town | Amalgamation included the simultaneous annexation of Medley (CFB Cold Lake/4 Wing) from the Municipal District of Bonnyville No. 87.[17] The amalgamated town subsequently changed to city status on October 1, 2000.[17] |
| Drumheller Municipal District of Badlands No. 7 |
City Municipal district |
January 1, 1998[18] | Drumheller | Town | |
| Lac La Biche Lakeland County |
Town Municipal district |
August 1, 2007[19] | Lac La Biche County | Municipal district | The municipal district subsequently changed to specialized municipality status on January 1, 2018.[20] |
| Black Diamond Turner Valley |
Town
Town |
January 1, 2023[4] | Diamond Valley | Town |
Amalgamation proposals
editEdmonton, St. Albert and Strathcona County
editThe City of Edmonton applied for a significant annexation in early 1979 that included large portions of Parkland County and Sturgeon County as well as the entireties of City of St. Albert and Strathcona County, which included the unincorporated hamlet of Sherwood Park.[21] The annexation would have effectively amalgamated St. Albert and Strathcona County with Edmonton. Alberta's Local Authorities Board (LAB), a predecessor to the Municipal Government Board, granted the annexation in 1980 but excluded St. Albert, Sherwood Park and lands in Strathcona County to the east of Sherwood Park, thereby preventing any form of amalgamation.[21] The lesser annexation granted by the LAB was subsequently tossed out by Alberta's provincial cabinet.[21]
Entwistle and Evansburg
editThe former villages of Entwistle and Evansburg investigated amalgamation in 1986.[21] The two villages subsequently dissolved into hamlets under the jurisdictions of Parkland County and Yellowhead County respectively.
Medicine Hat and Redcliff
editThe amalgamation of the Town of Redcliff with the neighbouring City of Medicine Hat was investigated or considered to various degrees in 1962, 1968, 1972, 1979, 1980, and 1985.[21]
Spruce Grove and Stony Plain
editAmalgamation of the towns of Spruce Grove and Stony Plain was investigated in the mid-1980s after Stony Plain had incurred a high debt. Despite a recommendation in favour of amalgamation from Alberta Municipal Affairs, residents of Spruce Grove were not supportive of the amalgamation as it would have resulted in a significant increase in their property taxes.[21]
The City of Spruce Grove initiated a growth study in 2014 in which expansion via amalgamation was to be explored as an alternative to annexation.[22] Potential partners for the amalgamation included the Town of Stony Plain, Parkland County or both.[22]
See also
edit- 2000–06 municipal reorganization in Quebec
- 2002–2006 municipal reorganization of Montreal
- Amalgamation of the Halifax Regional Municipality
- Amalgamation of Toronto
- Amalgamation of Winnipeg
- Edmonton annexations
- List of communities in Alberta
- List of former municipalities in Quebec
- List of former urban municipalities in Alberta
- List of municipal amalgamations in New Brunswick
- List of municipalities in Alberta
- Manitoba municipal amalgamations, 2015
References
edit- ^ "The Amalgamation Process for Alberta Municipalities" (PDF). Alberta Municipal Affairs. Retrieved October 10, 2011.
- ^ "Municipal Government Act – Office Consolidation". Alberta Queen's Printer. November 1, 2010. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f "Census History". City of Edmonton. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ a b "Provincial permission: Towns of Black Diamond and Turner Valley on the verge of their merge". Calgary. May 27, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
- ^ a b "Municipal Profile – City of Lloydminster". Alberta Municipal Affairs. October 18, 2010. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ "History of Village of Drinnan (Municipal Boundary Document Search)" (PDF). Province of Alberta. January 1, 1957. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ "Order in Council (O.C.) 494-57, New Town Established (Amalgamation of Hinton and Drinnan)" (PDF). Province of Alberta. March 27, 1957. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ "Municipal Profile – Town of Hinton". Alberta Municipal Affairs. September 30, 2011. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ "History". International Avenue Business Revitalization Zone. Archived from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ "Forest Lawn–Forest Heights/Hubalta Area Redevelopment Plan" (PDF). City of Calgary. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
- ^ Board Order 957. Province of Alberta. 1963.
- ^ "Montgomery Area Redevelopment Plan" (PDF). City of Calgary. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
- ^ Board Order 1429. Province of Alberta. 1964.
- ^ "Bowness Area Redevelopment Plan" (PDF). City of Calgary. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
- ^ a b c d "Municipal Profile – Municipality of Crowsnest Pass". Alberta Municipal Affairs. October 18, 2010. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ a b "Municipal Profile – Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo". Alberta Municipal Affairs. September 30, 2011. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ a b c "Municipal Profile – City of Cold Lake". Alberta Municipal Affairs. October 18, 2010. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
- ^ "Municipal Profile – Town of Drumheller". Alberta Municipal Affairs. October 18, 2010. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ "Order in Council (O.C.) 332/2007". Province of Alberta. August 1, 2007. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ "O.C. 259/2017". Government of Alberta. September 14, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f Jack K. Masson & Edward C. LeSage (1994). Alberta's Local Governments: Politics and Democracy. University of Alberta. ISBN 9780888642516. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
- ^ a b "Growth Study: Frequently asked questions". City of Spruce Grove. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
To accommodate future growth, the study will assess various expansion options including: (1) future annexation of lands from Parkland County, the Town of Stony Plain, or both; (2) amalgamation with the County, Town, or both; (3) formation of a specialized municipality similar to that of Strathcona County; and (4) other inter-jurisdictional agreements.