The non-marine molluscs of Venezuela are a part of the molluscan fauna of Venezuela (which is part of the wildlife of Venezuela). Non-marine molluscs are the snails, clams and mussels that live in freshwater habitats, and the snails and slugs that live on land. Sea-dwelling molluscs are not included in this list.
A number of species of non-marine molluscs are found in the wild in Venezuela.
Historical background
editStudies on the knowledge of the Venezuelan malacofauna begin in the nineteenth century with the work of German malacologist Eduard von Martens around 1873 who published the first list of the mollusks Venezuela.[1] Three years later the German-Venezuelan Adolfo Ernst, taking as its starting point and extending Martens list, published a second list in 1876.[2] Subsequent to these two pioneering nineteenth century works, only sporadic descriptions were published in foreign publications. It took about half a century for new listings of malacofauna of Venezuela to be published, this time by American H. B. Baker in the mid-1920s.[3][4][5][6][7][8]
Following Baker's work is beginning to make as many Venezuelan species descriptions and numerous national and regional listings including listings include: Adolfo Lutz, who in 1928 lists and makes observations on malacofauna Valencia lake and surrounding areas,[9] H. Richards G. Hummelinck & P. W. Malacofauna 1940 describing the island of Margarita,[10] Arias in 1952 and 1953 in which he describes the fauna of the regions of Baruta, El Hatillo and Perija region;[11][12] Thompson, who in 1957 described the shellfish National Park Henri Pittier and surrounding areas;[13] Martinez and Miranda in 1968 described pulmonate molluscs of Caracas and surrounding areas,[14] Fernández in 1982, which describes sitecueros of slugs and Venezuela,[15] Martinez et al. in 2004 which states bivalve fauna Venezuela freshwater,[16] Lasso and collaborators in 2009 which describes the fauna of the basin of the Orinoco.[17]
Diversity
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The Venezuelan malacofauna not marine mollusks is composed of classes Gastropoda and Bivalvia, presenting a greater diversity of species in the gastropod.
In the freshwater gastropod families with more species are Ampullariidae (35 spp.) And Planorbidae (15 spp.).[8][14][17] In terrestrial gastropods include Ortalicidae (35 spp.) and Subulinidae (16 spp.).[6][7][11][12][13]
Among the bivalve families with more species are Mycetopodidade (17 spp.) and Hyriidae (10 spp.)[16][17]
Regarding the introduced species, the largest number of species is between terrestrial mollusks, primarily on families Subulinidae (6 spp.), Limacidae (4 spp.) And Helicidae (3 spp.)[14][15][18][19]
Distribution
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The Venezuelan malacofauna marina not primarily distributed throughout the entire Venezuelan territory, but the greatest number of species and greater distribution has been reported for the river basin Orinoco.[16][17] The vast majority of species usually live in areas calm water pipes or flooding of rivers and lakes. Many of the species usually have local distributions such as slugs and seven of leathers that often live primarily in the areas of cultivation in the north and the Andean region,[14][15] However extend very widely distributed species that can be located throughout the country as in the case of molluscs Ampullariidae amphibians and within the family which include Marisa cornuarietis,[8][20] Pomacea urceus (Guarura),[8][21][22][20] Pomacea glauca,[8][20] Pomacea dolioides.[8][20][23] Among the highlights landshells Megalobulimus oblongus (Guacara).[7][11][12][13][20]
In relation to introduced species is noteworthy that some of it was spread widely by middle natural environment among them are: Achatina fulica (Giant African Snail),[24][25] Arion subfuscus[15] Subulina octona,[7][10][26] and Thiara granifera[17][18][20] Melanoides tuberculata.[17][18][20]
List of non-marine molluscs of Venezuela
editThe list of non-marine molluscs of Venezuela consists of:
- Freshwater gastropods: 9 families, 19 genera, 82 species.
- Terrestrial gastropods: 26 families, 58 genera, 116 species.
- Freshwater bivalves: 5 families, 11 genera, 31 species.
In total 30 families are listed, 88 genera and 229 species.
Freshwater gastropods
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Freshwater gastropods include:
- Asolene crassa (Swainson, 1823)[17][27]
- Marisa cornuarietis (Linnaeus, 1758)[8][17][27]
- Pomacea amazonica (Revee, 1856)[17]
- Pomacea aurostoma (Lea, 1856)[8][17][27]
- Pomacea avellana (Sowerby, 1909)[8][17][27]
- Pomacea bridgesi (Reeve, 1856) (Introduced species)[18]
- Pomacea camena (Pain, 1956)[17][27][28]
- Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1819) (Introduced species)[18]
- Pomacea chemnitzii (Philippi, 1887)[8]
- Pomacea cingulata (Philippi, 1851)[8][29]
- Pomacea crassa (Swainson, 1823)[17]
- Pomacea dolioides (Revee, 1856)[17][23][27]
- Pomacea eximia (Dunker, 1853)[8][17][27][29]
- Pomacea falconensis Pain y Arias, 1958[17][27][30]
- Pomacea glauca (Linnaeus, 1758)[8][11][17][27]
- Pomacea glauca crocostoma (Philippi, 1852)[8][29]
- Pomacea glauca gevesensis (Deshayes, 1801)[8]
- Pomacea glauca luteostoma (Swainson, 1822 )[8]
- Pomacea glauca orinocensis (Troschel, 1848)[8]
- Pomacea haustrum (Revee, 1856)[20]
- Pomacea interrupta (Sowerby, 1909)[8][17][27]
- Pomacea lineata (Spix, 1827)[8][17][27]
- Pomacea minuscula Baker 1930[8][17][27]
- Pomacea nobilis (Revee, 1856)[8][17][27]
- Pomacea oblonga (Swainson, 1823)[17][27]
- Pomacea papyracea (Spix, 1827)[8][17][27]
- Pomacea patula (Revee, 1856)[17][27]
- Pomacea semitecta (Mousson, 1873)[17][27]
- Pomacea superba (Marshall, 1928)[17]
- Pomacea swainsoni (Revee, 1856)[8]
- Pomacea tamsiana (Philippi, 1852)[29]
- Pomacea urceus (Müller, 1774)[8][17][21][22][27]
- Pomacea urceus guyanensis (Lamarck, 1810)[31]
- Pomacea urceus olivacea (Spix, 1827)[20]
- Pomacea vexillun (Revee, 1856)[8][17][27]
- Gundlachia saulcyana (Bourguignat, 1853)[17][27][32]
- Hebetancylus moricandi (D’Orbigny, 1837)[17][27][32]
- Pyrgophorus coronatus (Pfeiffer, 1840)[8][33]
- Pyrgophorus ernesti (Martens, 1873)[8]
- Pyrgophorus globulus (Baker, 1930)[8]
- Pyrgophorus parvulus (Guilding, 1828)[8]
- Pyrgophorus putialis (Baker, 1930)[8]
- Pyrgophorus platyrachis Thompson, 1968[34]
Lymnaeidae
There are two native and four introduced species of Lymnaeidae in Venezuela:[35]
- Lymnaea meridensis Bargues, Artigas & Mas-Coma, 2011 - synonym: Galba cousini (Jousseaume, 1887)[36] hitherto known from Venezuelan highlands[37] - native[35]
- Galba neotropica (Bargues, Artigas, Mera y Sierra, Pointier & Mas-Coma, 2007) - native[35]
- Galba cubensis (Pfeiffer, 1839)[8][14][17] - introduced from the Caribbean area[35]
- Pseudosuccinea columella (Say, 1817)[14][17] - introduced from the Caribbean area[35]
- Galba truncatula (O. F. Müller, 1774) - introduced from the Old World,[35]
- Galba viatrix (D’Orbigny, 1835) from Venezuela[17][27] was identified as Galba truncatula[35]
- Galba schirazensis (Küster, 1862) - introduced from the Old World[35]
- Neritina meleagris (Lamarck, 1822)[4][20][33][38][39][40]
- Neritina piratica Russell, 1943[20][39][40]
- Neritina puncticulata (Lamarck, 1816)[20]
- Neritina reclivata (Say, 1822)[17][20][33][38][39][40][41]
- Neritina virginea (Linnaeus 1758)[17][20][38][40]
- Doryssa atra (Bruguièri, 1792)[8][17][27][42][43]
- Doryssa consolidata (Bruguièri, 1789)[8][42][44]
- Doryssa grunei (Jonas, 1844)[8]
- Doryssa lamarckiana (Brot, 1870)[8][42][45]
- Doryssa hohenackeri (Philippi, 1851)[17][46]
- Doryssa kappleri (Vernhout, 1914)[17][27][47][48][49][50]
- Doryssa transversa (Lea, 1850)[20][42]
- Pachychilus laevissimus (Sowerby, 1824)[8][13][17]
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- Aplexa rivalis (Manton & Rackett, 1807)[8][14]
- Stenophysa acuminata (Gray & Sowerby, 1873)[8]
- Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)[8][11][14][17][27]
- Biomphalaria havanensis (Dunker, 1850)[20]
- Biomphalaria kuhniama (Clessin, 1883)[8][17]
- Biomphalaria peregrina (D’Orbigny, 1835)[17][27]
- Bionphalaria pronum (Von Martens 1873)[8]
- Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848)[8][17][27]
- Biomphalaria tenagofila (D’Orbigny, 1835)[17][27]
- Drepanotrema anatium (D’Orbigny, 1835)[8][17][27]
- Drepanotrema cimex (Moricand, 1839)[8][17][27]
- Drepanotrema depressissmum (Moricand, 1839)[17][27]
- Drepanotrema kermatoides (D’Orbigny, 1835)[20]
- Drepanotrema lucidum (Pfeiffer, 1839)[8][17][27]
- Drepanotrema surinamensis (Dunker & Clessin, 1884)[20]
- Planorbella duryi (Wetherby 1879)[20] (introduced species)[18]
- Planorbis circumlineatus Shuttleworth, 1854[10]
- Aylacostoma lineolata (Gray, 1828)[8][17][20][27]
- Aylacostoma stringillata (Dumker, 1843)[8][17][20][27]
- Aylacostoma venezuelensis (Dumker & Revee, 1859)[8][17][20][27]
- Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774)[51][52][53][17][20] (introduced species)[18]
- Thiara granifera (Lamarck, 1822)[17][20][52][53][54] (introduced species)[18]
Land gastropods
editLand gastropods include:
- Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822)[24][25] (introduced species)[18]
- Arion subfuscus (Draparnaud, 1805)[15][55] (introduced species)[18]
- Bradybaena similaris (Fèrussac, 1821) (introduced species)[18]
- Bequaertinenia bequaerti (Arias, 1953)[12]
- Columbina cyclostoma (Pfeiffer, 1849)[7][56]
- Gonionenia dohrni (Pfeiffer, 1860)[7][56]
- Nenia geayi (Jousseaume, 1849)[7][56]
- Guppya gundlachi (Pfeiffer)[10]
- Habroconus cassiquiensis (Pfeiffer, 1853)[13]
- Habroconus ernsti (Jousseaume)[10]
- Cecilioides acicula (Müller 1774) (introduced species)[18]
- Cecilioides aperta (Swainson, 1840) (introduced species)[18]
- Cecilioides consobrina (d’Orbigny, 1842)[10]
- Cornu aspersum = Helix aspersa (Müller, 1774) (introduced species)[18]
- Helix pomatia Linnaeus, 1758 (introduced species)[18]
- Theba pisana (Müller, 1774) (introduced species)[18]
- Helicina microdina (Morelet, 1854)
- Helicina microdina huberi Breure, 1976[57]
- Helicina tamsiana (Pfeiffer, 1850)
- Helicina tamsiana appuni (Von Marten, 1873)[13]
- Agriolimax laevis (Müller, 1774)[14][15] (introduced species)[18]
- Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774)[15] (introduced species)[18]
- Lehmannia valenciana (Férussac, 1822)[15] (introduced species)[18]
- Milax gagates (Draparnaud)[15] (introduced species)[18]
- Megalobulimus oblongus (Müller, 1774)[6][11][12][13]
- Incidostoma nanun (Bartsch & Morrison, 1942)[13]
- Poteria fasciatum (Kobelt & Schwanheim, 1912)
- Poteria translucida (Sowerby, 1843)[11][12]
- Dryptus marmoratus (Dunker, 1844)[11][13]
- Plekocheilus blainvilleanus (Pfeiffer, 1848)[13]
- Plekocheilus breweri Breure & Schlögl, 2010[58]
- Plekocheilus coloratus (Nyst, 1845)[12]
- Plekocheilus gibber (Oberwimmer, 1931)[59]
- Plekocheilus huberi Breure, 2009[59]
- Plekocheilus nebulosus Breure, 2009[59]
- Plekocheilus pardalis (Férrusac, 1821)[6][12]
- Plekocheilus sophiae Breure, 2009[59]
- Plekocheilus tatei Haas, 1955[59]
- Plekocheilus tepuiensis Breure, 2009[59]
- Plekocheilus veranyi (Pfeiffer, 1847)[60]
- Plekocheilus vlceki Breure & Schlögl, 2010[13][58]
- Eudolichotis aurissciuri (Guppy, 1866)[6]
- Eudolichotis distorta (Bruguière)[6][10][11]
- Eudolichotis euryomphala (Jonas, 1844)[11]
- Auris sinuata (Albers, 1854)[13]
- Oxystyla abducta (Shuttleworth, 1856)[6]
- Oxystyla maracaibensis (Pfeiffer, 1899)[10]
- Bulimulus dysoni Pfeiffer[10]
- Bulimulus cacticolus Reeve[10]
- Bulimulus constrictus Pfeiffer[10]
- Bulimulus krebsianus Pilsbry, 1897[6]
- Drymaeus extraneus (Haas, 1955) - synonym: Drymaeus griffini Haas, 1955[59]
- Drymaeus grandensis (Pfeiffer, 1847)[6]
- Drymaeus imperfectus (Guppy, 1866)[12]
- Drymaeus meridanus (Pfeiffer)[10]
- Drymaeus multilineatus (Say, 1825)[10]
- Drymaeus rex Breure, 2009[59]
- Drymaeus ruthveni Baker, 1926[6]
- Drymaeus trigonostomus (Jonas, 1844)[6]
- Drymaeus trigonostomus knorri (Pfeiffer, 1846)[6]
- Drymaeus virgulatus (Férussac)[10]
- Tomigerus cumingi Pfeiffer[6][10]
- Labyrinthus leucodon (Pfeiffer, 1847)[6]
- Labyrinthus plicatus (Born, 1780)[6][13]
- Labyrinthus tamsiana (Dunker, 1847) )[6]
- Labyrinthus umbrus (Thompson, 1957)[13]
- Solaropsis venezuelensis Preston, 1909[6]
- Pupoides marginatus nitidulus (Pfeiffer, 1839)[10]
- Bothriopupa tenuidens (Adams)[10]
- Xenodiscula venezuelensis Pilsbry, 1919[6][13]
- Systrophia starkii (H. B. Baker)[10][13]
- Drepanostomella pinchoti Pilsbry, 1930[13]
- Pseudosubulina decussata Baker, 1926[6]
- Pseudosubulina chaperi (Jousseaume 1889)[6]
- Spiraxis blandi (Crosse, 1874)[26]
- Gulella bicolor (Hutton, 1834) (introduced species)[18]
- Streptaxis glaber Pfeiffer[10]
- Allopeas gracile (Hutton, 1834)[7][10][26]
- Allopeas micra (d’Orbigny, 1835)[10][26] (introduced species)[18]
- Beckianum beckianum (L. Pfeiffer, 1846)[7][10][26]
- Dysopeas subopacum (Baker, 1927)[7]
- Dysopeas translucidum (Baker, 1927)[7]
- Lamellaxis martensiana (Baker, 1927)[7]
- Lamellaxis mauritianus (Pfeiffer, 1952) (introduced species)[18]
- Lamellaxis pachyspira Pilsbry 1905[7][13]
- Leptinaria unilamellata (D’Orbigny, 1837)[7][26][61][10][12][14]
- Leptopeas venezuelensis (Pfeiffer, 1856)[7]
- Obeliscus octogyrus (Pfeiffer, 1850)[7]
- Obeliscus rectus Baker, 1927[7]
- Opeas gracile (Hutton, 1834) (introduced species)[18]
- Opeas pellucidum (Pfeiffer, 1847)[7]
- Opeas pumilum (Pfeiffer, 1847)[7][26] (introduced species)[18]
- Opeas pyrgula Schmacker and Boettger, 1891 (introduced species)[18]
- Subulina octona (Bruguière, 1798)[7][10][14][26] (introduced species)[18]
- Subulina striatella (Rang, 1831)[10][26] (introduced species)[18]
- Omalonyx felina Guppy 1878[6]
- Omalonyx pattersonae Tillier, 1891[62]
- Succinea tamsiana Pfeiffer[10][14]
- Thysanophora canalis (Pilsbry, 1910)[6]
- Thysanophora plagiptycha (Shuttleworth, 1854)[6][10]
- Thysanophora satanaensis (Pfeiffer, 1854)[6]
- Brachypodella hanleyana (Pfeiffer, 1847)[7][10]
- Brachypodella leucopleura (Menke, 1847)[7][10]
- Brachypodella nidicostata Spence, 1920[7]
- Diplosolenodes occidentalis (Guilding, 1825)[14][63]
- Diplosolenodes bielenbergii (Semper, 1885)[7][15][63]
- Forcatulus coerulescens (Semper, 1885)[15][63]
- Latipes pterocaulis (Simroth, 1914)[7][15][63]
- Microveronicella diminuta (Simroth, 1914)[15]
- Sarasinula linguaeformis (Semper, 1885)[10][63]
- Sarasinula plebeia (Fischer, 1868)[15]
- Gastrocopta barbadensis (Pfeiffer, 1853)[10]
- Gastrocopta iheringi (Suter, 1900)[10]
- Gastrocopta geminidens (Pilsbry)[10]
- Averellia coactiliata (Férrussac, 1838)[6]
Freshwater bivalves
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_granosus_granosus_004.jpg)
- Corbicula fluminalis (Múller, 1774)[17][64] (introduced species)[18]
- Cyanocyclas cuneata Say, 1822[17]
- Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819[16][17][65][66][67]
- Castalia orinocensis Morrison, 1943[16][17][68]
- Castalia schombergiana Sowerby, 1869[16][17][69]
- Castalia stevensi (Baker, 1930)[66][70]
- Dilodon granosus Bruguiere, 1782[16][17][47][66][71]
- Dilodon losadae Haas, 1819[16][17][72]
- Dilodon flucki Morrison 1943[17][66][73]
- Paxyodon syrmatophorus Meuschen, 1781[16][66][74]
- Prisodon obliquus (Schumacher, 1871)[17][75]
- Triplodon stevensii Lea, 1871[66][76]
- Anodontites crispatus Bruguiere, 1792[17]
- Anodontites elongatus (Swainson, 1823)[17]
- Anodontites ensiformes (Spix, 1827)[16][17]
- Anodontites guanarensis Marshall, 1928[16][17]
- Anodontites infossa Baker, 1930[17]
- Anodontites pittieri Marshall, 1922[16][17]
- Anodontites schombergianus Sowerby, 1870[16][17]
- Anodontites leotaudi (Guppy, 1866)[17]
- Anodontites tenebricosus D’Orbigny, 1835[17]
- Anodontites tortilis (Lea, 1852)[17]
- Anodontites trapezeus (Spix, 1827)[17]
- Anodontites trapesialis Lamarck, 1819[16][17][77]
- Anodontites trigona (Spix, 1827)[16][17]
- Mycetopoda pittieri Marshall, 1919[16][17][78]
- Mycetopoda soleniformes D’Orbigny, 1835[17]
- Tamsiella tamsiana Dunker, 1895[16][17][79]
- Eupera bahiensis (Spix, 1827)[17]
- Eupera modioliforme Anton, 1837[17]
- Eupera simoni Jousseaume, 1889[17]
See also
edit- List of echinoderms of Venezuela
- List of Poriferans of Venezuela
- List of introduced molluscs of Venezuela
- List of marine molluscs of Venezuela
- List of molluscs of Falcón state, Venezuela
- List of non-marine molluscs of El Hatillo Municipality, Miranda, Venezuela
- List of birds of Venezuela
- List of mammals of Venezuela
Lists of molluscs of surrounding countries:
- List of non-marine molluscs of Colombia
- List of non-marine molluscs of Guyana
- List of non-marine molluscs of Brazil
Overseas:
References
edit- ^ Martens, E. von. 1873: die Binnenmollusken Venezuelas. Festschrift sue feier des 100 jaehr.Bestehens der Gesell. Naturf. Freunde zu Berlin.
- ^ Ernst, Adolf. 1876: Enumeración sistemática de las especies de moluscos terrestres y de agua dulce hallas hasta ahora en los alrededores de Caracas y demás partes de la república. Apuntes estadísticos del Distrito Federal. Caracas pp:77–85
- ^ Baker, Hocece B. 1923: The mollusca collected by the University of Michigan Williamson Expedition in Venezuela. Occasional Paper of the Museum of Zoology
- ^ a b Baker, Hocece B. 1924: Land and freshwater molluscs of the dutch leeward island. Occasional Paper of the Museum of Zoology, 152:1–139.
- ^ Baker, Horace B. 1925: The mollusca collected by the University of Michigan Williamson Expedition in Venezuela
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Baker, Horace Burrinton. 1926: The mollusca collected by the University of Michigan-Williamson Expedition in Venezuela. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan. Nº 167
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Baker, Horace B. 1930: The mollusca collected by the University of Michigan – Williamson expedition in Venezuela. Occasional Paper of the Museum of zoology. 210:1–51
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av Baker, Horace B. 1930: The mollusca collected by the University of Michigan – Williamson expedition in Venezuela. Occasional Paper of the Museum of zoology. 210:1–95 PDF
- ^ Lutz, Adolfo 1928: Estudios de zoología y parasicología venezolana. Río de Janeiro.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Richards H. G. & Hummelinck P. W. (1940). "Land & Freshwater Mollusks from Margarita Island, Venezuela". Notulae Naturae 62 1–16. at Google Books.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Arias C, Sergio, 1952. Algunos moluscos de la región Baruta - EL Hatillo. Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle XII(31):47–65
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Arias C, Sergio. 1953: Algunos Moluscos de la región de Perijá. Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle XIII(35):245–258
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Thompson, Fred G. 1957: A collection of mollusks from Northern Venezuela. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan, 591:1–13
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Martínez E, Rafael y Miranda A, Rafael E. 1968: Aspectos de la reproducción en moluscos pulmonados del área metropolitana de Caracas. En: Estudio de Caracas. Ecología vegetal - fauna Vol:II pp:123–165. Universidad Central de Venezuela. Caracas-Venezuela
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Fernández de V, J. 1992: Contribución al conocimiento de las babosas y sietecueros (Mollusca: Gastropoda) Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía Maracay. 12(3–4):374–387.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Martínez E, Rafael, Cabrera, Amyra y Lasso Carlos A. 2004: Moluscos bivalvos (Unionacea y Mutelacea) de la cuenca del río Orinoco, Venezuela. Memoria de la Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, 159–160:283–303
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc Lasso, Carlos A., Martínez E, Rafael, Capelo, Juan Carlos., Morales Betancourt, Mónica y Sánchez-Maya, Alejandro. 2009: Lista de los moluscos (Gastropodos_Bivalvia) dulceacuícolas y estuarinos de la cuenca del Orinoco (Venezuela). Biota Colombiana, 10(1–2):63–74.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Ojasti, Juhani., González Jiménez, Eduardo, Szeplaki Otahola, Eduardo. y García Román, Luis B. 2001: Informe sobre las especies exótica en Venezuela. Ministerio del Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales Caracas. 207p. ISBN 980-04-1254-9
- ^ Pérez, Julio E., Alfonsi, Carmen., Salazar, Sinatra K., Macsotay, Oliver., Barrios, Jorge. & Martínez Escarbassiere, Rafael. 2007: Especies marinas exóticas y criptogénicas en las costas de Venezuela. Boletín del Instituto Oceanográfico de Venezuela. 46 (1): 79–96.PDF Archived 2012-04-26 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Catalogo de la colección de Moluscos del Museo de Biología de la Universidad Central (MBUCV-XIV)
- ^ a b Martínez E, Rafael. 1972: Observaciones sobre la reproducción de la Guarura (Pomacea urceus) molusco dulceacuícola muy abundante en la región de Camaguán (estado Guarico). Defensa de la Naturaleza. 2(5):41–45.
- ^ a b Burky, Kathieleen A. & Burky, Albert J. 1977: Buoyancy changes as related to respiratory behavior in an amphibius snail Pomacea urceus (Muller) from Venezuela. The Nautilus 91(3):97-1004
- ^ a b Martínez E, Rafael. y López S, Beatriz. 1997: Pomacea dolioides un molusco de los Llanos. Natura 107:59–60
- ^ a b Martínez Escarbassiere, Rafael. y Martínez Moreno, Enrique.1997: Nota Acerca De La Achatina (Lissachatina) Fulica (Bowdich, 1822), Peligroso Caracol Africano (Pulmonata Achatinidae) Introducido En Venezuela. Acta Biologica Venezuelica 17(1):37–40.
- ^ a b Martínez-Escarbassiere, Rafael, Martínez, Enrique O. y Castillo, Otto. 2008: Distribución Geográfica De Achatina (Lissachatina) Fulica (Bowdich, 1882) (Gastropoda-Stylommatophora- Achatinidae) En Venezuela. Memoria De La Fundación La Salle De Ciencias 68(169): 93–106. ISSN 0037-8518 PDF Archived 2013-09-16 at the Wayback Machine ISSN 0037-8518.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Hass, Fritz. 1962: Caribbean land molluscs Subulinidae and Oleacinidae. Studies on the Fauna od curaçao and other Caribbean Island, XIII(52):49–60
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Simone, L. R. L. 2006: Land and freshwater mollusca of Brazil. EEB, FAPESP, Sao Paulo. 390pp
- ^ Pain, Thomas. 1956: Pomacea of the Sierra de Merida, Venezuela. Journal of Conchology 24(5):175-176
- ^ a b c d Köhler, F. & Glaubrecht, M. 2006: The types of Ampullariidae Gray, 1824 (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the Malacological Collection of the Natural History Museum, Berlin: an annotated catalogue with lectotype designations. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Zoologische Reihe 82: 201–218.
- ^ Pain, Thomas. y Sergio Arias C. 1958: Descripción de una especie nueva de Pomacea de Venezuela. Museo de Historia Natural La Salle. Serie. Zoología. No 24.
- ^ Kennard, A. S., A. E. Salibury and B. B. Woodward. 1931: The types of Lamark genera of shell as selected by J. G. Children in 1823. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 82(17):1–40.
- ^ a b Dos Santos, Sonia B. 2003: Estado atual do conhecimento dos ancilídeos na América do Sul (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Basommatophora). Revista de Biología Tropical 51 (Suppl. 3): 191–224. PDF
- ^ a b c Rodríguez, Gilberto. 1973: El sistema del lago de Maracaibo. Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científica (IVIC). Caracas 397p.
- ^ Nava, Mario., Severin, Héctor. y Machado Nakary. 2011. Distribución y taxonomía de Pyrgophorus platyrachis (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae), en el sistema de Maracaibo, Venezuela. Revista de Biología Tropical, 59 (3): 1165–1172. PDF
- ^ a b c d e f g h Bargues M. D., González L C., Artigas P. & Mas-Coma S. (2011). "A new baseline for fascioliasis in Venezuela: lymnaeid vectors ascertained by DNA sequencing and analysis of their relationships with human and animal infection". Parasites & Vectors 4: 200. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-200.
- ^ Pointier, J. P.; Noya, O.; Amarista, M.; Théron, A. (2004). "Lymnaea cousini Jousseaume, 1887 (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae): First record for Venezuela". Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 99 (6): 567–569. doi:10.1590/S0074-02762004000600005. hdl:1807/3694. PMID 15558164.
- ^ Bargues M. D., Artigas P., Khoubbane M. & Mas-Coma S. (2011). "DNA sequence characterisation and phylogeography of Lymnaea cousini and related species, vectors of fascioliasis in northern Andean countries, with description of L. meridensis n. sp. (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae)". Parasites & Vectors 4: 132. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-132.
- ^ a b c Flores, Celestino y Cáceres, Raquel. 1973: La familia Neritidea (Mollusca: Archaeogastropoda)en las aguas costeras de Venezuela. Boletín del Instituto Oceanográfico. Universidad de Oriente. 12(2):1–13.
- ^ a b c Museo del mar 2001: Catálogo de moluscos Marinos clase Gastropoda. Fundación Muso del Mar Musro marino de Margarita Boca del Río. 20p
- ^ a b c d Bitter, Ricardo S. y Martínez E. Rafael. 2001: Inventario de los moluscos marinos en las costas del estado Falcón, Venezuela. Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 21(1):21–41.
- ^ Baker, Hocece B. 1923: The mollusca collected by the University of Michigan _ Williamson Expedition in Venezuela. Occasional Paper of the Museum of Zoology, 137:1–59
- ^ a b c d Pain, Thomas. 1956: Revision of the Melaniidae of British Guyana an Surinam. Basteria, 20(4–5):91–105
- ^ Wikispecies: Doryssa atra. http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Doryssa_atra
- ^ Wikispecies: Doryssa consolidata. http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Doryssa_consolidata
- ^ Wikispecies: Doryssa lamarckiana. http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Doryssa_lamarckiana
- ^ Wikispecies: Doryssa hohenackeri. http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Doryssa_hohenackeri
- ^ a b Martínez Escarbassiere, Rafael. y Rorero, Ramiro. 1995: Contribución al conocimiento de Diplodon (Diplodon) granosus granosus Brugeri (Bivalvia: Hyriidae) y Doryssa hohenackeri kappleri Vernhout (Gastropoda: Melaniidae) en el alto río Siapa (Departamento Río Negro), Estado Amazonas, Venezuela. Acta Biologica Venezuelica 16 (1):79–84.
- ^ Abbott, R. Tucker. 1955: Anatomy of the venezuelan gastropod, Doryssa kappleri- The Nautilus 69(2):44–46.
- ^ Wikispecies: Doryssa kappleri http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Doryssa_kappleri
- ^ Wikispecie: Doryssa transversa. http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Doryssa_transversa
- ^ Chrosciechowski Z. Przemyslaw K y Arcas, Enrique. 1989: Caracoles (gastrópodos) de agua dulce en el Valle de Caripe Estado Monagas, Venezuela. Boletín de la Dirección de Malariología y Saneamiento Ambiental. XXIX(1–4):47–63
- ^ a b Prypchan, Sofía de., y Chrosciechowski, Przemyslaw. 1992: Invasión de las aguas dulces del litoral central venezolano (DF) por caracoles del genero Thiara (Melaniidae) Boletín de la Dirección de Malariología y Saneamiento Ambiental. XXXII(1–4):50–58
- ^ a b Pointier, Jean Pierre., Balzán C, Carlos Y and Chrosciechowski, Przemyslaw. 1994: Técnicas de muestreo de los caracoles de agua dulce en Venezuela. Boletín de la Dirección de Malariología y Saneamiento Ambiental. XXXIV(1–4):1–6
- ^ Chrosciechowski Z. Przemyslaw K. 1973: Notas sobre paragonimiasis y uno de sus hospedadores moluscos de reciente hallazgo en Venezuela. Boletín Informativo de la Dirección de Malariología y Saneamiento Ambiental. XIII(5–6):167–174.
- ^ Arias, Sergio. 1959: Arion subfuscus (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Aulacopoda), un molusco paleártico adaptado en Venezuela. Memoria de de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle. 19(52):23–26.
- ^ a b c Loosjes, F. G. & Loosjes-Van Bemmel, A. C. W. 1966: some anatomical, systematical and geographical data on Neniinae (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae). Zoologische Verhandelingen 77:3–60 PDF
- ^ Breure, A. S. H. (1976). "Helicina (Helicina) microdina huberi subspec.nov., a new land snail from northern Venezuela and Colombia". Basteria 40: 143-145. PDF Archived 2011-10-07 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ a b Breure A. S. H. & Schlögl J. (2010). "Additional notes on Orthalicidae from the Chimantá massif, Venezuelan Guayana, with descriptions of new species of Plekocheilus Guilding, 1828 (Mollusca, Gastropoda)". Zootaxa 2416: 51–60. preview.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Breure A. S. H. (2009). "New Orthalicidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from Venezuelan Guayana: unravelling secrets from the Lost World". Zootaxa 2065: 25–50. preview.
- ^ Weyrauch, Wolfgang K. 1967: Descripción y notas sobre Gratrópodos terrestres de Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Brasil y Perú. Acta Zoológica Lilloana, XXI:457–499
- ^ Robinson D. G., Hovestadt A., Fields A. & Breure A. S. H. (July 2009). "The land Mollusca of Dominica (Lesser Antilles), with notes on some enigmatic or rare species". Zoologische Mededelingen 83 http://www.zoologischemededelingen.nl/83/nr03/a13 Archived 2011-10-07 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Martínez E, R. 1991: “Nota acerca de la presencia de la babosa Omalonyx (O.) pattersonae Tillier, 1891 (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Succinidae) de Venezuela”. Acta Biológica Venezuelica. 14(2):65–69.
- ^ a b c d e Gomes, Suzete R. 2007: Filogenia morfológica de Veronicellidae, filogeniamolecular de Phyllocalis Colosi e descriçao de uma nova espécie para la família (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pulmonata). Gomes, Suzete R. 2007. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre. 175p. PDF
- ^ Martítnez E, Rafael. 1987: Corbicula manilensis molusco introducido en Venezuela. Acta Científica Venezolana 38:384–385
- ^ Martínez E, Rafael. 1983: Contribución al conocimiento de la gloquidia de Castalia ambigua multisulcata Hupé 1857, “Guacuco de río” (Mollusca: Lamellibranquia: Hyriidae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 11(4):197–213.
- ^ a b c d e f Cummings, Kevin S. & Mayer, Christine A. 1997: The Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Etherioidea) of Venezuela Illinois Natural History Survey. http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/animals_plants/mollusk/SA/Ven.html
- ^ Wikispecies: Castalia ambigua http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Castalia_ambigua
- ^ Wikispecies: Castalia orinocensis http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Castalia_orinocensis
- ^ Wikispecies: Castalia Schombergiana http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Castalia_schombergiana
- ^ Wikispecies: Castalia stevensi http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Castalia_stevensi
- ^ Wikispecies: Dilodon granosus http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Diplodon_granosus
- ^ Dilodon losadae http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Diplodon_losadae
- ^ Wikispecies: Dilodon flucki http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Diplodon_flucki
- ^ Wikispecies: Paxyodon syrmatophorus http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Paxydon_syrmatophorus
- ^ Wikispecies: Prisodon obliquus http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Prisodon_obliquus
- ^ Wikispecies: Triplodon stevensii http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Triplodon_stevensii
- ^ Wikispecies: Anodontites trapesialis. http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Anodontites_trapesialis
- ^ Wikispecies: Mycetopoda pittieri http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mycetopoda_pittieri
- ^ Wikispecies: Tamsiella tamsiana http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tamsiella_tamsiana
External links
edit- Breure A. S. H. (2009). Radiation in land snails on Venezuelan tepui islands. In: Cohen A. et al. (eds.) Evolutionary islands: 150 years after Darwin' Abstracts: 38. Leiden. PDF.
- Breure A. S. H. (1976). "Over de landmollusken van het Nationale Park "Henri Pittier", Venezuela". Correspondentieblad van de Nederlandse Malacologische Vereniging 172: 569–572. PDF.
- Breure A. S. H. (1975). "Description of a collecting trip in Peru, Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela". De Kreukel 11(7): 83–116. PDF.