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List of Test cricket hat-tricks

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In the sport of cricket, a hat-trick is an occasion when a bowler takes a wicket in each of three consecutive deliveries; although hat-tricks can carry over between innings, meaning a batter can be dismissed twice as part of the same hat-trick, they do not carry over between matches. As of June 2021, this feat has only been achieved 46 times in more than two thousand men's (and three times in women's) Test matches,[1] the form of the sport in which national representative teams compete in matches of up to five days' duration. The first Test hat-trick was recorded on 2 January 1879, in only the third Test match to take place, by the Australia pace bowler Fred Spofforth, nicknamed "The Demon Bowler",[2] who dismissed three England batters with consecutive deliveries at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. The most recent hat-trick was taken by South Africa spin bowler Keshav Maharaj against the West Indies in June 2021 at Daren Sammy Cricket Ground in Gros Islet, Saint Lucia.[3]

A side shoot of a white-skinned man holding a champagne bottle in his hand
England cricketer Stuart Broad took hat-tricks against India at Trent Bridge in 2011, and against Sri Lanka at Headingley in 2014.

This article relates to men's cricket only.

A player has taken two hat-tricks in the same Test match only once. Playing for Australia against South Africa in the first match of the 1912 Triangular Tournament at Old Trafford, Manchester, England, leg spinner Jimmy Matthews took a hat-trick in South Africa's first and second innings, both taken on 28 May 1912. He completed both hat-tricks by dismissing South Africa's Tommy Ward.[4] Only three other cricketers have taken more than one Test hat-trick: Australian off spinner Hugh Trumble (two years apart, between the same teams at the same ground), Pakistan fast bowler Wasim Akram (just over a week apart, in consecutive matches between the same teams) and England fast bowler Stuart Broad. Three players have taken a hat-trick on their Test debut: English medium pace bowler Maurice Allom in 1930, New Zealand off-spinner Peter Petherick in 1976, and Australian pace bowler Damien Fleming in 1994.[5] Alok Kapali took the fewest total Test wickets of any player who recorded a hat-trick, taking only six wickets in his entire Test career.[5] Australian Peter Siddle is the only bowler to take a hat-trick on his birthday,[6] and Bangladeshi off spinner Sohag Gazi is the only player to score a century and take a hat-trick in the same Test match.[7]

Sri Lankan seamer Nuwan Zoysa became the first player in the history to take a hat-trick off the first three balls of a Test match. He achieved this against Zimbabwe at Harare in November 1999, dismissing Trevor Gripper, Murray Goodwin and Neil Johnson.[8] Indian pacer Irfan Pathan is the second bowler to take a hat-trick in the first over of a Test match, against Pakistan in 2006.[9]

Australian Merv Hughes is the only bowler to take a hat-trick where the wickets fell over three overs. This was at WACA, Perth in 1988. He took a wicket (Curtly Ambrose) with the final ball of an over. With the first ball of his next over he took the final wicket of the West Indies innings (Patrick Patterson). He then removed the opener Gordon Greenidge with the first ball of the West Indies second innings.[10] Even more unusually, Hughes's two first-innings wickets were not consecutive, since Tim May had bowled an over himself in between Hughes's two deliveries, and took the wicket of Gus Logie.[11]

Two other hat-tricks have taken place over two innings rather than one, both taken by West Indians against Australia – Courtney Walsh and Jermaine Lawson. Walsh's, at the Gabba in 1988, was unusual since, like Hughes' (which was in the very next Test in the series), other wickets fell between the beginning and end of the hat-trick. After dismissing Dodemaide to finish off Australia's first innings, Walsh did not open the bowling in the Australian second innings, and in fact did not bowl until Australia had already lost two wickets and were 65 for 2: then with his first two deliveries he dismissed Wood and Veletta. Lawson's hat trick was at the Kensington Oval in 2003. He removed tail-enders Lee and MacGill in successive deliveries before Australia declared their first innings (at 605/9), and then took the wicket of Langer with the first delivery of Australia's second innings.[12]

In the five-match series between a Rest of the World XI and England in 1970, a hat-trick was taken by South African Eddie Barlow in the fourth match, at Headingley (the last three of four wickets in five balls).[13] These matches were considered to be Tests at the time, but that status was later removed.[14]

Test hat-tricks

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Australia bowler Fred Spofforth took the first hat-trick in Test cricket on 2 January 1879, in only the third Test match.
 
Billy Bates was the first player to take a hat-trick for England, four years after Spofforth achieved the feat.
 
Hugh Trumble is one of only four players to take more than one Test hat-trick, achieving the feat in 1902 and 1904.
 
Courtney Walsh's hat-trick in 1988 was spread across two innings. In Australia's first innings he dismissed the last two batters with consecutive deliveries and then took a third wicket with the first ball of the second innings.
 
Wasim Akram took two hat-tricks over a span of nine days in 1999.
 
When Peter Siddle took a hat-trick for Australia in 2010, his final victim was Stuart Broad. Nine months later Broad himself would be the next man to take a Test match hat-trick.
Key
Symbol Meaning
Hat-trick taken in debut match
Bowler The name of the bowler
For The team for which the bowler was playing
Against The team against which the bowler was playing
Inn. The innings (first or second) in which the hat-trick was achieved
Test The number of the Test within the overall series between the two teams
Dismissals The three players dismissed by the bowler
Venue The venue where the hat-trick was achieved
Date The date on which the hat-trick was achieved
Ref. Reference
List of Test cricket hat-tricks
No. Bowler For Against Inn. Test Dismissals Venue Date Ref.
1 Fred Spofforth   Australia   England 1 1/1   MCG, Melbourne 2 January 1879 [15]
2 Billy Bates   England   Australia 1 2/3   MCG, Melbourne 20 January 1883 [16]
3 Johnny Briggs   England   Australia 2 2/3   Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney 2 February 1892 [17]
4 George Lohmann   England   South Africa 2 1/3   St. George's Park, Port Elizabeth 14 February 1896 [18]
5 Jack Hearne   England   Australia 2 3/5   Headingley, Leeds 30 June 1899 [19]
6 Hugh Trumble   Australia   England 2 2/5   MCG, Melbourne 4 January 1902 [20]
7 Hugh Trumble   Australia   England 2 5/5   MCG, Melbourne 8 March 1904 [21]
8 Jimmy Matthews   Australia   South Africa 1 1/3   Old Trafford, Manchester 28 May 1912 [22]
9 Jimmy Matthews   Australia   South Africa 2 1/3   Old Trafford, Manchester 28 May 1912 [22]
10 Maurice Allom   England   New Zealand 1 1/4   Lancaster Park, Christchurch 10 January 1930 [23]
11 Tom Goddard   England   South Africa 1 1/5   Old Wanderers, Johannesburg 26 December 1938 [24]
12 Peter Loader   England   West Indies 1 4/5   Headingley, Leeds 25 July 1957 [25]
13 Lindsay Kline   Australia   South Africa 2 2/5   Newlands, Cape Town 3 January 1958 [26]
14 Wes Hall   West Indies   Pakistan 1 3/3   Bagh-e-Jinnah, Lahore 29 March 1959 [27]
15 Geoff Griffin   South Africa   England 1 2/5   Lord's, London 24 June 1960 [28]
16 Lance Gibbs   West Indies   Australia 1 4/5   Adelaide Oval, Adelaide 30 January 1961 [29]
17 Peter Petherick   New Zealand   Pakistan 1 1/3   Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore 9 October 1976 [30]
18 Courtney Walsh   West Indies   Australia 1 & 2 1/5   The Gabba, Brisbane 18–20 November 1988 [31]
19 Merv Hughes   Australia   West Indies 1 & 2 2/5   WACA, Perth 3–4 December 1988 [32]
20 Damien Fleming   Australia   Pakistan 2 2/3   Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi 9 October 1994 [33]
21 Shane Warne   Australia   England 2 2/5   MCG, Melbourne 29 December 1994 [34]
22 Dominic Cork   England   West Indies 2 4/6   Old Trafford, Manchester 30 July 1995 [35]
23 Darren Gough   England   Australia 1 5/5   Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney 2 January 1999 [36]
24 Wasim Akram   Pakistan   Sri Lanka 1 3/4   Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore 6 March 1999 [37]
25 Wasim Akram   Pakistan   Sri Lanka 2 4/4   Bangabandhu National Stadium, Dhaka 14 March 1999 [38]
26 Nuwan Zoysa   Sri Lanka   Zimbabwe 1 2/3   Harare Sports Club, Harare 26 November 1999 [39]
27 Abdul Razzaq   Pakistan   Sri Lanka 1 2/3   Galle International Stadium, Galle 21 June 2000 [40]
28 Glenn McGrath   Australia   West Indies 1 2/5   WACA, Perth 1 December 2000 [41]
29 Harbhajan Singh   India   Australia 1 2/3   Eden Gardens, Calcutta 11 March 2001 [42]
30 Mohammad Sami   Pakistan   Sri Lanka 1 3/3   Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore 8 March 2002 [43]
31 Jermaine Lawson   West Indies   Australia 1 & 2 3/4   Kensington Oval, Bridgetown 2–5 May 2003 [44]
32 Alok Kapali   Bangladesh   Pakistan 1 2/3   Arbab Niaz Stadium, Peshawar 29 August 2003 [45]
33 Andy Blignaut   Zimbabwe   Bangladesh 2 1/2   Harare Sports Club, Harare 22 February 2004 [46]
34 Matthew Hoggard   England   West Indies 2 3/4   Kensington Oval, Bridgetown 3 April 2004 [47]
35 James Franklin   New Zealand   Bangladesh 1 1/2   Bangabandhu National Stadium, Dhaka 20 October 2004 [48]
36 Irfan Pathan   India   Pakistan 1 3/3   National Stadium, Karachi 29 January 2006 [49]
37 Ryan Sidebottom   England   New Zealand 2 1/3   Seddon Park, Hamilton 8 March 2008 [50]
38 Peter Siddle   Australia   England 1 1/5   Brisbane Cricket Ground, Brisbane 25 November 2010 [51]
39 Stuart Broad   England   India 1 2/4   Trent Bridge, Nottingham 30 July 2011 [52]
40 Sohag Gazi   Bangladesh   New Zealand 2 1/2   Zahur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium, Chittagong 13 October 2013 [53]
41 Stuart Broad   England   Sri Lanka 1 2/2   Headingley, Leeds 20 June 2014 [54]
42 Rangana Herath   Sri Lanka   Australia 1 2/3   Galle International Stadium, Galle 5 August 2016 [55]
43 Moeen Ali   England   South Africa 2 3/4   The Oval, London 31 July 2017 [56]
44 Jasprit Bumrah   India   West Indies 1 2/2   Sabina Park, Kingston 31 August 2019 [57]
45 Naseem Shah   Pakistan   Bangladesh 2 1/2   Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi 9 February 2020 [58]
46 Keshav Maharaj   South Africa   West Indies 2 2/2   Daren Sammy Cricket Ground, Gros Islet 21 June 2021 [59]

By team

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England and Australia combined have taken over half of all Test match hat-tricks to date, 25 of 46 (54.35%).[5]

Test hat-tricks by team
Team Hat-tricks No. of
players
  England 14 13
  Australia 11 9
  Pakistan 5 4
  West Indies 4 4
  India 3 3
  Bangladesh 2 2
  New Zealand 2 2
  South Africa 2 2
  Sri Lanka 2 2
  Zimbabwe 1 1

By player

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Players with multiple hat-tricks
Player Hat-tricks
  Hugh Trumble 2
  Jimmy Matthews
  Wasim Akram
  Stuart Broad

By ground

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Grounds involved in multiple Test Hat-tricks
Ground Hat-tricks
  Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne 5
  Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore 3
  Headingley, Leeds
  Old Trafford, Manchester
  Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi 2
  Bangabandhu Stadium, Dhaka
  The Gabba, Brisbane
  Galle International Stadium, Galle
  Kensington Oval, Bridgetown
  Harare Sports Club, Harare
  Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney
  WACA Ground, Perth

See also

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References

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  1. ^ McGhie, Tom (20 July 2011). "Landmark Test matches through the years as Lord's plays host to the 2,000th when England take on India". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
  2. ^ "The Demon strikes three times". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 27 April 2018.
  3. ^ "Keshav Maharaj takes SA's first Test hat-trick in more than 60 years as Proteas eye victory". News24. 21 June 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
  4. ^ "Triangular Tournament − 1st match: Australia v South Africa Test Series – 1st Test". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
  5. ^ a b c "Record / Test matches / Bowling record / Hat-tricks". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
  6. ^ McGlashan, Andrew (25 November 2010). "Siddle hat-trick gives Australia control". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
  7. ^ Islam, Mohammad (13 October 2013). "Gazi shines as Test ends in draw". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
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  9. ^ "Pakistan vs India 3rd Test 2006". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  10. ^ Lynch, Steven (13 October 2013). "Three-act plays". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  11. ^ "Result". ESPN Cric Info. ESPNcricinfo. 6 December 1988. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
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