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List of the longest English words with one syllable

This is a list of candidates for the longest English word of one syllable, i.e. monosyllables with the most letters. A list of 9,123 English monosyllables published in 1957 includes three ten-letter words: scraunched, scroonched, and squirreled.[1] Guinness World Records lists scraunched and strengthed.[2] Other sources include words as long or longer. Some candidates are questionable on grounds of spelling, pronunciation, or status as obsolete, nonstandard, proper noun, loanword, or nonce word. Thus, the definition of longest English word with one syllable is somewhat subjective, and there is no single unambiguously correct answer.

List

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word pronunciation letters source notes
broughammed /ˈbruːmd/ 11 Sc.Am.[3] Meaning "travelled by brougham", by analogy with bussed, biked, carted etc. Rhymes with fumed, zoomed. Suggested by poet William Harmon in a competition to find the longest monosyllable.
squirrelled /ˈskwɜːrld/ 11 LPD;[4] MWOD[5] Compressed American pronunciation of a word which in British RP always has two syllables /ˈskwɪrəld/. The monosyllabic pronunciation rhymes with world, curled. In the United States, the given spelling is a variant of the more usual squirreled: see -led and -lled spellings.
broughamed /ˈbruːmd/ 10 Shaw[6] A variant of broughammed, used by George Bernard Shaw in a piece of journalism.
schmaltzed /ˈʃmɔːltst/, /ˈʃmɒltst/, /ˈʃmæltst/ 10 OED[7] Meaning "imparted a sentimental atmosphere to" e.g. of music; with a 1969 attestation for the past tense.
schnappsed /ˈʃnæpst/ 10 Sc.Am.[3] Meaning "drank schnapps"; proposed by poet George Starbuck in the same competition won by his friend William Harmon.
schwartzed /ˈʃwɔːrtst/ 10 [8] Meaning "responded 'Schwartz' to a player without making eye-contact" in the game Zoom Schwartz Profigliano.
scraunched /ˈskrɔːnʃt/ 10 W3NID;[9] Moser[1] A "chiefly dialect" word, meaning "crunched".
scroonched /ˈskrʊnʃt/ 10 W3NID;[9] Moser[1] A variant of scrunched, meaning "squeezed".
scrootched /ˈskruːtʃt/ 10 AHD[10] A variant of scrooched, meaning "crouched".
squirreled /ˈskwɜːrld/ 10 LPD;[4] MWOD;[5] Moser[1] The more usual American spelling of squirrelled.
strengthed /ˈstrɛŋθt/ 10 OED[11] An obsolete verb meaning "strengthen", "force", and "summon one's strength". The latest citation is 1614 (1479 for strengthed), at which time the Early Modern English pronunciation would have been disyllabic.

Proper names

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Some nine-letter proper names remain monosyllabic when adding a tenth letter and apostrophe to form the possessive:

In his short story, "Strychnine in the Soup", P. G. Wodehouse had a character whose surname was "Mapledurham", pronounced "Mum". This is eleven letters, while "Mapledurham's" is twelve.

It is productive in English to convert a (proper) noun into an eponymous verb or adjective:

  • A 2007–08 promotion in France used the slogan "Do you Schweppes?", implying a past tense Schweppesed (11 letters) for the putative verb.[13]
  • Schwartzed (10 letters) has been used to mean "(re)designed in the style of Martha Schwartz"[14]
  • Schwartzed has also been used to mean "crossed swords with Justice Alan R. Schwartz"[15]
  • Schmertzed (10 letters) has been used to mean "received undue largesse from New York City through the intervention of negotiator Eric Schmertz"[16]

Contrived endings

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In a 1970 article in Word Ways, Ralph G. Beaman converts past participles ending -ed into nouns, allowing regular plurals with -s. He lists five verbs in Webster's Third International generating 10-letter monosyllables scratcheds, screecheds, scroungeds, squelcheds, stretcheds; from the verb strength in Webster's Second International, he forms the 11-letter strengtheds.[17]

The past tense ending -ed and the archaic second person singular ending -st can be combined into -edst; for example "In the day when I cried thou answeredst me, and strengthenedst me with strength in my soul" (Psalm 138:3). While this ending is usually pronounced as a separate syllable from the verb stem, it may be abbreviated -'dst to indicate elision. Attested examples include scratch'dst[18] and stretch'dst,[19] each of which has one syllable spelled with ten letters plus apostrophe.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d Moser, Henry M. (June 1957). Dreher, John J.; Oyer, Herbert J. (eds.). One-syllable words (Report). Technical report. Vol. 53. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Research Foundation. OCLC 878346994.; cited in PMC (1978). Albert Ross Eckler (ed.). "Review: English monosyllables". Word Ways. 11–12. Indianapolis: 118.
  2. ^ "Longest monosyllabic English words". Guinness World Records. Retrieved 10 February 2014.
  3. ^ a b Gardner, Martin (April 1979). "Mathematical games". Scientific American. 240 (4): 18. Bibcode:1979SciAm.240e..18G. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0579-18.
  4. ^ a b c Wells, John C. (2000). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (2nd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-0-582-36467-7.
  5. ^ a b Spelling: "2squirrel". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Retrieved 2009-01-14.
    Pronunciation: "1squirrel". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Retrieved 2009-01-14.
  6. ^ Shaw, George Bernard (1932). Our Theatres in the Nineties. London: Constable and Company. p. 205. ISBN 1-4067-4302-X. ...horsed and broughamed, painted and decorated, furnished and upholstered...
  7. ^ "schmaltz, v.". Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.). 1989.
  8. ^ Cullen, Ruth (2006). The Little Black Book of Party Games: The Essential Guide to Throwing the Best Bashes. Illustrated by Kerren Barbas. Peter Pauper Press. p. 14. ISBN 1-59359-919-6. If the first person has been schwartzed, he can either look at a new person and say "Zoom," or send it right back to the second person by saying "Pifigiano"
  9. ^ a b Webster's Third New International Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. 1966. ISBN 0-7135-1038-2.
  10. ^ Joseph P. Pickett; et al., eds. (2000). "scrooch". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (4th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-82517-2. Archived from the original on 2007-08-24. Retrieved 2009-01-14.
  11. ^ "strength, v.". Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.). 1989.
  12. ^ "Scoughall". Scripture Union Holidays. 2007. Archived from the original on 2008-10-11. Retrieved 2009-01-15. Scoughall (pronounced "skole") is in East Lothian, not far from North Berwick.
  13. ^ "Do you Schweppes" (in French). Orangina Schweppes. December 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-10-31. Retrieved 2009-07-06.
  14. ^ Diesenhouse, Susan (June 26, 2004). "Landscapes of the mind". Boston Globe. archinect. Retrieved 2009-01-15. So distinctive is her style that her name has become a Euro design verb, as in Barclays at Canary Wharf is being 'Schwartzed' .
  15. ^ Mandel, Roberta G. (Spring 2005). "The End of an Era at the Third District Court of Appeal: The Retirement of Judge Robert L. Shevin, Judge Mario P. Goderich and Chief Judge Alan R. Schwartz" (PDF). The Record. XI (1). Tallahassee: Florida Bar, Appellate Section: 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2006. Retrieved 2009-01-14. there is no other jurist who has inspired the formation of a new terminology:"to be Schwartzed" or "to get Schwartzed" or "passing the Schwartz test."
  16. ^ Barbanel, Josh (October 23, 1990). "Negotiator's Quiet Style Elicits Loud Protest". The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-01-15. I have now turned Schmertz into a verb and a noun," the former Mayor said. "If you have been abused, we say you have been Schmertzed. If you get an unwarranted and undeserved payment from the City of New York, you say, 'Thank you Mr. Mayor, for the Schmertz.'
  17. ^ Beaman, Ralph G. (1970). "Syllabilities". Word Ways (4): 79. Retrieved 23 June 2010.
  18. ^ Woolbert, Charles Henry (1922). Better Speech: A Textbook of Speech Training for Secondary Schools. New York, Chicago, Harcourt, Brace and company. p. 103.
  19. ^ Shoemaker, Rachel Walter Hinkle (1898). Advanced elocution. Granger Book Company. p. 129. ISBN 0-89609-169-4.
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