Literary Friends Communications (Chinese: 文友通訊) was a mimeographed literary publication that emerged in Taiwan in the late 1950s. It was founded by writers such as Chung Chao-cheng and Chung Li-ho. In the process of editing and circulating the publication, Taiwanese writers exchanged ideas and mutually encouraged each other, forming a unique cohesion among writers.[1]
Background
editIn the 1950s, Taiwan was in a state of cross-strait tension due to the aftermaths of the Second Chinese Civil War, and the martial law led to a wartime mobilization period. In terms of literature, the Nationalist government implemented anti-communist literary policies and Mandarin promotion movements. Whether in newspaper supplements or other publications, Mandarin Chinese was the predominant language for creative works. Taiwanese writers who had used Japanese as their writing tool during the Japanese rule period almost lost the space to publish their works.[2]
Recognizing the writing difficulties faced by Taiwanese writers, in April 1957, Chung Chao-cheng initiated a correspondence among Taiwanese writers through letters, giving rise to Literary Friends Communications. It is considered the first publication uniting Taiwanese writers after World War II, conducted through written correspondence.[3] From the first issue in April 1957 until it ceased publication in September 1958, the newsletter was issued for a total of 1 year and 4 months, with a total of 16 communications.[4] The main functions of Literary Friends Communications included reporting on the activities of various literary friends, circulating their works, and providing critiques.[5]
Influence
editLiterary Friends Communications, being non-publicly circulated, maintained the function of communication and the spirit of private commentary on works. During the martial law period in Taiwan, in an environment where secret societies were viewed with suspicion for potentially compromising security, the operation of Literary Friends Communications was indeed valuable. It represented a groundbreaking attempt to overcome the limitations of mainstream publications that found it challenging to publish works by Taiwanese writers. In literary history, it holds a special significance.[3]
References
edit- ^ Jian, Hong-yi (2014). "鍾肇政與《文友通訊》的起步：從《文友通訊》第二次通訊談起". In Hsu, Su-lan (ed.). 考辨・紀事・憶述——台灣文學史料集刊 第四輯 [A Discussion of the Second Issue of 'Literary Friends Communications]. Tainan: National Museum of Taiwan Literature. p. 218-223.
- ^ Chen, Kang-fen (2012). 斷裂與生成：台灣五○年代的反共/戰鬥文藝 [Rupture and Generation: Anti-Communist/Battlefield Literature in Taiwan in the 1950s]. Tainan: National Museum of Taiwan Literature.
- ^ a b Yīng, Feng-Huang. "1950年代末《文友通訊》作家群的第一本書——路加（鍾肇政）：《寫作與鑑賞》（1956年）" [The First Book of the Late 1950s Writers' Group from 'Literary Friends Communications': Luke (Chung Chao-cheng): 'Writing and Appreciation' (1956)]. 鹽分地帶文學(Literature of the Saline Land): 43-52.
- ^ Chien, Hung-chun (2023). 隱蔽下的文學世代傳播：鍾肇政與葉石濤的台灣文學旗幟 [The hidden communication of literary generations:Chung Chao-cheng and Yeh Shih-tao's banner of Taiwanese literature]. Taipei: Tamkang University. p. 30.
- ^ Chen, Ying-ju (2019). 戰鬥到農村去？──1950年代的台灣農村小說 [Combat with countryside: 1950s Taiwanese Rural Novels' (Master's thesis)]. Taipei: National Chengchi University. p. 87.