The Lodge–Fish Resolution[1] was a joint resolution of both houses of the US Congress that endorsed the British Mandate for Palestine.[2][3][4] It was introduced in June 1922 by Hamilton Fish III, a Republican New York Representative, and Henry Cabot Lodge, a Republican Senator from Massachusetts.[5]
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| Long title | Joint Resolution Favoring the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish People |
|---|---|
| Enacted by | the 67th United States Congress |
| Effective | September 21, 1922 |
| Citations | |
| Public law | 67-73 |
| Legislative history | |
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It came about following a significant lobbying effort by the American Zionist community, particularly through the efforts of Zionist Rabbi Simon Glazer.[5] It was opposed by the State Department; a prominent anti-Zionist rabbi at the congressional hearings; and the New York Times, which was owned by the anti-Zionist Adolph Ochs.[5]
On September 21, 1922, US President Warren G. Harding signed the joint resolution of approval to establish a Jewish National Home in Palestine, per the 1917 Balfour Declaration.[6][5]
Text
editThe full text is as follows:
"Favoring the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled. That the United States of America favors the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which should prejudice the civil and religious rights of Christian and all other non-Jewish communities in Palestine, and that the holy places and religious buildings and sites in Palestine shall be adequately protected." [italics in the original]
Bibliography
edit- Brecher, Frank W. (1987). "Woodrow Wilson and the Origins of the Arab-Israeli Conflict". American Jewish Archives. 39 (1): 23–47.
- Lebow, Richard Ned (1968). "Woodrow Wilson and the Balfour Declaration". The Journal of Modern History. 40 (4): 501–523. doi:10.1086/240237. JSTOR 1878450. S2CID 144175738.
- Medoff, Rafael (2002). Jewish Americans and Political Participation: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-57607-314-8.
References
edit- ^ Lodge-Fish Resolution, Pub. L. 67–73, Sep 21, 1922, 42 Stat. 1012.
- ^ Lebow 1968, p. 501.
- ^ 67th Congress, H.J.Res. 322; pdf
- ^ Brecher 1987.
- ^ a b c d Medoff 2002, p. 215-216.
- ^ Howard Grief, The Legal Foundation and Borders of Israel under International Law, (Mazo Publishers, Jerusalem, 2008), p. 198.