Wikipedia

Lodi, Lombardy

"Lodi, Italy" redirects here. For other uses, see Lodi § Italy.

Lodi (/ˈloʊdi/ LOH-dee, Italian: [ˈlɔːdi] ⓘ; Ludesan: Lòd) is a city and comune (municipality) in Lombardy, northern Italy, primarily on the western bank of the River Adda. It is the capital of the province of Lodi.

Lodi
Lòd (Lombard)
Comune
Comune di Lodi
Piazza della Vittoria
Piazza della Vittoria
Flag of Lodi
Flag
Coat of arms of Lodi
Coat of arms
Location of Lodi
Map
Lodi is located in Italy
Lodi
Lodi
Location of Lodi in Italy
Lodi is located in Lombardy
Lodi
Lodi
Lodi (Lombardy)
Coordinates: 45°19′N 9°30′E / 45.317°N 9.500°E / 45.317; 9.500
CountryItaly
RegionLombardy
ProvinceLodi (LO)
FrazioniFontana, Olmo, Riolo, San Grato
Government
 • MayorAndrea Furegato[1] (Democratic Party)
Area
[2]
 • Total
41 km2 (16 sq mi)
Elevation
87 m (285 ft)
Population
 (1 January 2017)[3]
 • Total
45,212
 • Density1,100/km2 (2,900/sq mi)
DemonymLodigiani or Laudensi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
26900
Dialing code0371
Patron saintSt. Bassianus
Saint day19 January
WebsiteOfficial website

History

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Main article: History of Lodi

Antiquity

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The Battle of Lodi, by Louis-François, Baron Lejeune

Lodi was a Celtic village; in Roman times it was called, in Latin, Laus Pompeia (probably in honour of the consul Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo) and was known also because its position allowed many Gauls of Gallia Cisalpina to obtain Roman citizenship. It was in an important position where a vital Roman road crossed the River Adda.

Lodi became the see of a diocese in the 3rd century. Saint Bassianus (San Bassiano) is the patron saint of the town.

Middle Ages

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A free commune around 1000, it fiercely resisted the Milanese, who destroyed it in 1111. The old town corresponds to the modern Lodi Vecchio. Frederick Barbarossa rebuilt it on its current location in 1158.

From 1220, the Lodigiani (inhabitants of Lodi) spent decades in constructing a system of miles of artificial rivers and channels (called Consorzio di Muzza). It was created to give water to the countryside, turning arid areas into one of the region's important agricultural areas.

Renaissance

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From the 14th century Lodi was ruled by the Visconti family, who built a castle there. In 1413, the antipope John XXIII launched the bull by which he convened the Council of Constance from the Duomo of Lodi. The council marked the end of the Great Schism.

In 1454, representatives from all the regional states of Italy met in Lodi to sign the treaty known as the peace of Lodi, by which they intended to pursue Italian unification. This peace lasted 40 years.

The town was then ruled by the Sforza family, France, Spain and Austria.

Early modern era

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In 1786, it became the eponymous capital of a province that between 1815 and 1859 included Crema.

On 10 May 1796, in the first major battle of his career as a general, the young Napoleon Bonaparte defeated the Habsburg monarchy at the Battle of Lodi.

Italy

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In the second half of the 19th century, Lodi began to expand outside the city walls and was boosted by economic expansion and the construction of railway lines that followed the unification of Italy.

In 1945, the Italian petrol company Agip, directed by Enrico Mattei, started extracting methane from its fields, and Lodi was the first Italian town with a regular domestic gas service.

The town is now at the heart of important communication routes, and is a technologically advanced industrial centre, maintaining, however, also its strong traditional ceramics tradition.

Main sights

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Interior Dome of Tempio Civico dell'Incoronata

Government

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See also: List of mayors of Lodi, Lombardy

Economy

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In 1864 Tiziano Zalli founded the Banca Popolare di Lodi, the first Italian cooperative bank (now part of Banco Popolare group).

In 1945, the Italian petrol company Agip, directed by Enrico Mattei, started extracting methane from its fields, and Lodi was the first Italian town with a regular domestic gas service.

Zucchetti S.p.A., the first Italian software house, was founded in Lodi in 1978 and has its headquarters in the Zucchetti Tower.[5]

L’Erbolario Società Benefit S.r.l., a company specialized in natural cosmetics and beauty products established in Lodi in 1978, has its production plant and logistics center in the city.[6]

IBSA Institut Biochimique SA, a Swiss pharmaceutical multinational company, has its Italian headquarters in Lodi, as well as a production plant.[7]

The Officine Meccaniche Lodigiane were also located in the city.

Culture

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Ceramics

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Main article: Lodi ceramics

The production of ceramic in the Lodi area reached its artistic peak in the 18th century, with the production of fine, tin-glazed maiolica. The main factories were those of Coppellotti, Ferretti and Rossetti.

The best ceramics of the Coppellotti factory date from the period 1735–1740. Some are in monochromatic turquoise and are decorated with arabesques, draperies and geometric-floral compositions arranged in a radial pattern. Other ceramics represent local life and scenes, such as fruit, fish, landscapes, castles, peasants, wayfarers, music players, with dogs or birds; some represent oriental figures.[8]

The Rossetti factory was active in Lodi between 1729 and 1736. Most of the Rossetti ceramics are in monochromatic turquoise and have decorations inspired by Roman art revisited in a Baroque style, such as pillars, balustrades, capitals, urns, shells, stylized leaves garlands, divinities and satyrs. Some ceramics feature landscapes in the center, with views of cities and castles, hills, lakes, clouds and birds.[9]

The Ferretti factory was active in Lodi in the 18th century until the beginning of the 19th century. Ferretti ceramics are famous for the decoration with naturalistic flowers, with very bright and lively colours.[10] Most frequently these were wild flowers, such as forget-me-not, buttercups, Centaurea cyanus, campanula, primroses and dog rose; but also cultivated roses, tulips and carnations were painted.[11] Ferretti also painted other kind of decorations, such as Oriental figures, fruits, fish and still lifes.[12]

A large exposition of Lodi ceramics could be visited in The Museo Civico di Lodi until its closure in 2011, when all its content was moved to long-term storage[13] waiting for relocation.[14][15]

Twin towns

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Climate

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Climate data for Lodi (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 6.2
(43.2) 		9.3
(48.7) 		15.1
(59.2) 		19.0
(66.2) 		24.1
(75.4) 		28.1
(82.6) 		30.6
(87.1) 		30.1
(86.2) 		25.3
(77.5) 		18.6
(65.5) 		11.7
(53.1) 		6.5
(43.7) 		18.7
(65.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 2.7
(36.9) 		4.7
(40.5) 		9.5
(49.1) 		13.4
(56.1) 		18.4
(65.1) 		22.3
(72.1) 		24.4
(75.9) 		23.9
(75.0) 		19.4
(66.9) 		14.0
(57.2) 		8.2
(46.8) 		3.3
(37.9) 		13.7
(56.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −0.7
(30.7) 		0.1
(32.2) 		3.9
(39.0) 		7.8
(46.0) 		12.6
(54.7) 		16.6
(61.9) 		18.2
(64.8) 		17.7
(63.9) 		13.6
(56.5) 		9.4
(48.9) 		4.7
(40.5) 		0.1
(32.2) 		8.7
(47.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 61
(2.4) 		65
(2.6) 		69
(2.7) 		75
(3.0) 		77
(3.0) 		68
(2.7) 		61
(2.4) 		84
(3.3) 		71
(2.8) 		99
(3.9) 		101
(4.0) 		67
(2.6) 		898
(35.4)
Source 1: Climi e viaggi[17]
Source 2: Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (precipitation 1951–1980)[18]
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References

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  1. ^ "Dipartimento per gli Affari Interni e Territoriali".
  2. ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  3. ^ Population data from Istat - Italian Institute of Statistics
  4. ^ Piazze d'Italia. Milan: Touring Club Italiano. 2004. ISBN 88-365-3498-8.
  5. ^ "La nostra storia". www.zucchetti.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-06-27.
  6. ^ "Dal 1978 a oggi". erbolario.com (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-06-27.
  7. ^ "Gli stabilimenti produttivi in Italia". ibsa.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-06-27.
  8. ^ Ferrari, Felice (2003). La ceramica di Lodi [Lodi ceramics] (in Italian). Azzano San Paolo: Bolis Edizioni. pp. 35–44.
  9. ^ Ferrari, Felice (2003). La ceramica di Lodi [Lodi ceramics] (in Italian). Azzano San Paolo: Bolis Edizioni. pp. 45–51.
  10. ^ Ferrari, Felice (2003). La ceramica di Lodi [Lodi ceramics] (in Italian). Azzano San Paolo: Bolis Edizioni. pp. 53–64.
  11. ^ Gelmini, Maria Laura (1995). "L'arte ceramica lodigiana". Maioliche lodigiane del '700 [Lodi maiolica in the 18th century] (in Italian). Venice: Electa. p. 46. ISBN 88-435-5402-6.
  12. ^ Ferrari, Felice (2003). La ceramica di Lodi [Lodi ceramics] (in Italian). Azzano San Paolo: Bolis Edizioni. pp. 53–64.
  13. ^ Gastaldi, Francesco (27 February 2017). "Lodi, le 300 opere d'arte sepolte E il museo che non c'è da sei anni" (in Italian). Retrieved 24 January 2020.
  14. ^ "Museo Civico" (in Italian). Retrieved 24 January 2020.
  15. ^ "Museo Civico - Lodi" (in Italian). Retrieved 24 January 2020.
  16. ^ "Lodi Sister City Committee | Lodi, CA".
  17. ^ "Clima - Lodi (Lombardia)". Climi e viaggi. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
  18. ^ "Valori climatici normali di temperatura e precipitazione in Italia" (PDF). Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale. Retrieved 29 June 2024.

Sources

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  • Agnelli, Giovanni (1917). Lodi ed il suo territorio nella storia, nella geografia e nell'arte. Lodi.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Bassi, Agenore (1977). Storia di Lodi. Lodi: Edizioni Lodigraf. ISBN 88-7121-018-2.
  • Mario-Giuseppe Genesi, Gli Organi Storici del Lodigiano, Piacenza, L.I.R. Editrice, 2017, pp. 720.
  • Ferrari, Felice (2003). La ceramica di Lodi [Lodi ceramics] (in Italian). Azzano San Paolo: Bolis Edizioni.
  • Maioliche lodigiane del '700 [Lodi maiolica in the 18th century] (in Italian). Venice: Electa. 1995. ISBN 88-435-5402-6.
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