Lomatia polymorpha, commonly known as mountain guitar plant, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae which is endemic to Tasmania. It is a shrub or small tree with linear leaves, and white, cream-coloured or greenish flowers. It is common throughout its range which is approximately complementary to that of L. tinctoria in Tasmania.
| Mountain guitar plant | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Proteales |
| Family: | Proteaceae |
| Genus: | Lomatia |
| Species: | L. polymorpha
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| Binomial name | |
| Lomatia polymorpha | |
Description
editLomatia polymorpha is a shrub or small tree which grows to a height of between 2.5 and 4 m (8 and 10 ft). It has simple leaves which are linear to narrow egg-shaped, 20–80 mm (0.8–3 in) long, 2.5–10 mm (0.1–0.4 in) wide, have a stalk about 5 mm (0.2 in) long and sometimes have a few lobes or teeth on the margins. The stems sometimes have a covering of matted hairs while the lower surface of the leaves is covered with rusty-coloured hairs and has a prominent mid-vein. The heads of flowers barely extend beyond the leaves and are white, cream or greenish-white in colour. Flowers appear between January and March and are followed by fruits which are dark grey to black and 20–30 mm (0.8–1 in) long.[2]
Taxonomy and naming
editLomatia polymorpha was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London.[1][3]
Distribution and habitat
editMountain guitar plant is a common and widespread species found "approximately south of the Pieman River and west of the Derwent River"[2] in subalpine woodlands, lowland scrubby vegetation in wetter areas, occasionally in rainforest,[4] from sea level to 1,200 m (4,000 ft).[5] Where the range overlaps with L. tinctoria, (as in the region of Lake St Clair), hybrids often occur.[2]
Use in horticulture
editA hardy species in cultivation, L. polymorpha can be grown readily from seeds or cuttings and grows well in most soils and aspects.[6]
Phytochemical profile
editLomatia polymorpha, was subjected to various natural products isolation methods by researchers at The University of Tasmania. Through their comprehensive study they found several different compounds distinct to Proteaceae and common throughout a variety of plants. Three different long chain alcohols were found, tetracosan-1-ol, hexacosan-1-ol and octacosan-1-ol as well as the flavanoids taxifolin and isoquercetin. Other molecules isolated include, 1-O-(p-Coumaroyl)-D-glucose and 1,2,4-trihydroxynaphthalene-1-O-glucoside (THNG). Lomatia polymorpha was found to share several compounds in common with L. tasmanica and L. tinctoria. The three alcohols shared by the relatives is characteristic of the waxiness of their leaves and researchers found that the thinnest leaves between them, of L. polymorhpa, yields the least of these compounds. These non-polar compounds possibly reflect the epicuticular morphology of the species.[7]
References
edit- ^ a b "Lomatia polymorpha". APNI. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
- ^ a b c Wilson, A.J.G.; Hewson, Helen J.; Mowatt, J. "Lomatia polymorpha". Retrieved 8 January 2015.
- ^ Brown, Robert (1810). "On the natural order of plants called Proteaceae". Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. 10 (1): 200. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
- ^ Jordan, Greg. "Lomatia polymorpha". University of Tasmania. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
- ^ "Tasmanian endemic flora species". Australian Plants Society Tasmania Inc. 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ^ Wrigley, John; Fagg, Murray (1983). Australian native plants : a manual for their propagation, cultivation and use in landscaping (2nd ed.). Sydney: Collins. p. 259. ISBN 0002165759.
- ^ Deans, Bianca J.; Tedone, Laura; Bissember, Alex C.; Smith, Jason A. (2018-09-01). "Phytochemical profile of the rare, ancient clone Lomatia tasmanica and comparison to other endemic Tasmanian species L. tinctoria and L. polymorpha". Phytochemistry. 153: 74–78. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.05.019. ISSN 0031-9422. PMID 29886159. S2CID 47015048.