Cora "Lovie" Austin (September 19, 1887 – July 8, 1972)[1][2] was an American Chicago bandleader, session musician, composer, singer, and arranger during the 1920s classic blues era.[3] She and Lil Hardin Armstrong are often ranked as two of the best female jazz blues piano players of the period.[4]
Lovie Austin | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Cora Taylor |
| Also known as | Cora Calhoun Cora Austin |
| Born | September 19, 1887 Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States |
| Died | July 8, 1972 (aged 84) Chicago, Illinois, United States |
| Genres | Jazz, Jazz blues |
| Occupation(s) | Musician Composer Bandleader |
| Instrument | Piano |
| Years active | 1920s–1972 |
| Labels | Paramount |
Life and career
editShe was born Cora Taylor in Chattanooga, Tennessee.[1] Lovie grew up with eight brothers and sisters. She took the name Cora Calhoun in her teens from an early marriage;[1] she was married for a short time to a movie house operator in Detroit and then later married a vaudeville performer, Phillip Austin.[5] She studied music theory at Roger Williams University in Nashville, and Knoxville College in Knoxville, Tennessee, which was uncommon for African American women and jazz musicians alike during the time.[4]
In 1923, Lovie Austin decided to make Chicago her home, and she lived and worked there for the rest of her life. She was often seen racing around town in her Stutz Bearcat with leopard skin upholstery, dressed to the teeth. Her early career was in vaudeville, where she played piano and performed in variety acts.[6] Accompanying blues singers was Lovie's specialty, and can be heard on recordings by Ma Rainey ("Moonshine Blues"), Ida Cox ("Wild Women Don't Have the Blues"), Ethel Waters ("Craving Blues"), and Alberta Hunter ("Sad 'n' Lonely Blues").[7]
She led her own band, the Blues Serenaders, which usually included trumpeters Tommy Ladnier, Bob Shoffner, Natty Dominique, or Shirley Clay on cornet, Kid Ory or Albert Wynn on trombone, and Jimmy O'Bryant or Johnny Dodds on clarinet, along with banjo and occasional drums. The Blues Serenaders developed their own unique sound within the jazz genre. They strayed away from the typical jazz band paradigm.[8] Austin worked with many other top jazz musicians of the 1920s, including Louis Armstrong, with whom she worked on the song "Heebie Jeebies". Austin's skills as songwriter can be heard in the classic "Down Hearted Blues", a tune she co-wrote with Alberta Hunter. The lament of a woman with a broken heart, the song describes how the man she loved "wrecked her life."[9] Singer Bessie Smith turned the song into a hit in 1923.[10] Austin was also a session musician for Paramount Records. Austin and the Blues Serenaders recorded with Paramount Records during their temporary shift from New York to Chicago in 1923.[11]
When the classic blues craze began to wane in the early 1930s, Austin settled into the position of musical director for the Monogram Theater, at 3453 South State Street in Chicago where all the T.O.B.A. acts played. She worked there for 20 years. During wartime, many jazz musicians had to find other forms of work to support themselves and Austin was reported to be working as a security guard at a defense plant. After World War II she became a pianist at Jimmy Payne's Dancing School at Penthouse Studios, and performed and recorded occasionally.[12] In 1961 as interest in her early career grew she made a significant recording with Alberta Hunter in Chicago.[13]
Austin died on July 8, 1972, in Chicago.[1]
Influence
editMary Lou Williams, a pianist born in Atlanta, Georgia,[14] claimed that Lovie Austin is her greatest influence. Williams refers to Austin as, "a fabulous woman and a fabulous musician too. I don't believe there's a woman around now who could compete with her. She was a greater talent than many of the men of this period."[15] With her performances and compositions, Lovie enriched the lives of black female artists during the Harlem Renaissance.[5]
Discography
edit| Year | Title | Genre | Label |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 | 1924-1926 | Jazz blues | Classic |
| 1961 | Alberta Hunter with Lovie Austin's Blues Serenaders | Jazz | Allegro Corporation |
References
edit- ^ a b c d Eagle, Bob; LeBlanc, Eric S. (2013). Blues - A Regional Experience. Santa Barbara: Praeger Publishers. p. 50. ISBN 978-0313344237.
- ^ Kenney, William Holland (May 13, 1993). Chicago Jazz: A Cultural History, 1904-1930. Oxford Paperbacks.
- ^ Cook, Richard (2005). Richard Cook's Jazz Encyclopedia. London: Penguin Books. p. 24. ISBN 0-141-00646-3.
- ^ a b Santelli, Robert. The Big Book of Blues, Penguin Books, pg. 20, (2001); ISBN 0-14-100145-3
- ^ a b Smith, Jessie Carney. Black Women of the Harlem Renaissance Era. Rowman and Littlefield.
- ^ Zieff, Bob. Lovie Austin. in Kernfeld, Barry, ed., The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz, 2nd Edition, Vol. 1. London: MacMillan, p. 93 (2002).
- ^ Laird, Ross, Moanin' Low: A Discography of Female Popular Vocal Recordings, 1920-1933, Greenwood Press, p. 110 (1996); ISBN 0-313-29241-8]
- ^ William, Kenney. Chicago Jazz: A Cultural History, 1904-1930. Oxford Paperbacks.
- ^ "Bessie Smith - Downhearted Blues Lyrics | SongMeanings". SongMeanings. Retrieved 2015-10-14.
- ^ Cullen, Frank. Vaudeville, Old and New: An Encyclopedia of Variety Performers in America, Routledge, p. 48 (2006); ISBN 0-415-93853-8
- ^ "ParamountsHome.Org - Wabash Rag: Paramount's Chicago Studios by Alex Van Der Tuuk". paramountshome.org. Retrieved 2015-10-14.
- ^ "Lovie Austin". Red Hot Jazz Archive. 4 April 2020. Retrieved 2020-04-04.
- ^ "Lovie Austin:The Hidden Blues Queen who Inspired Swing Kingmakers". The Syncopated Times. 26 August 2019. Retrieved 2020-04-04.
- ^ "Mary Lou Williams Biography". Archived from the original on 2015-02-07. Retrieved 2015-10-14.
- ^ "Lovie Austin @ All About Jazz". All About Jazz. Retrieved 2015-10-14.