Lyttelton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- The Lyttelton family, a British aristocratic family:
- Alfred Lyttelton, British politician and sportsman
- Arthur Lyttelton, Anglican Bishop
- Charles Lyttelton (1714–1768), English churchman and antiquary who served as Bishop of Carlisle 1762–1768 and President of the Society of Antiquaries of London 1765–1768
- Charles Lyttelton, 8th Viscount Cobham, British politician and cricketer
- Charles Lyttelton, 10th Viscount Cobham, ninth Governor-General of New Zealand and British cricketer
- Edward Lyttelton, British sportsman, Schoolmaster and Cleric
- George Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton, British politician
- George Lyttelton, 2nd Baron Lyttelton, British politician
- George William Lyttelton, 4th Baron Lyttelton, British politician and founder of Canterbury, New Zealand
- George William Lyttelton, British teacher and writer
- George William Spencer Lyttelton, British civil servant
- Humphrey Lyttelton, British jazz musician
- John Lyttelton, 9th Viscount Cobham (1881–1949), British politician
- John Lyttelton (MP) (died 1601), English politician
- John Lyttelton, 11th Viscount Cobham (1943–2006), British nobleman
- Sir John Lyttelton (1520–1590), constable of Dudley Castle, England, keeper of parks, Custos Rotulorum of Worcestershire
- Oliver Lyttelton, 1st Viscount Chandos, British businessman and politician
- Neville Lyttelton, British Army General
- Thomas de Littleton, British judge
- Thomas Lyttelton, 2nd Baron Lyttelton (1744–1779), British politician
- Sarah Lyttelton, Baroness Lyttelton, governess to Edward VII of the United Kingdom and wife of William Lyttelton, 3rd Baron Lyttelton
- William Henry Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton, British colonial governor
- William Henry Lyttelton, 3rd Baron Lyttelton, British politician