Madhav Kumar Nepal (Nepali: माधवकुमार नेपाल, [madʱʌbˈkumar neˈpal] ; born 6 March 1953), is a Nepalese politician and former Prime Minister of Nepal. He served as prime minister from 32 May 2009 to 6 February 2011.[2]
Madhav Kumar Nepal | |
|---|---|
माधवकुमार नेपाल | |
 | |
| 34th Prime Minister of Nepal | |
| In office 25 May 2009 – 6 February 2011 | |
| President | Ram Baran Yadav |
| Deputy | Bijay Kumar Gachhadar |
| Preceded by | Pushpa Kamal Dahal |
| Succeeded by | Jhala Nath Khanal |
| Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal | |
| In office 30 November 1994 – 12 September 1995 | |
| Monarch | King Birendra |
| Prime Minister | Man Mohan Adhikari |
| Chairman of CPN (Unified Socialist) and Socialist Front | |
| Assumed office 2021 | |
| Preceded by | Position created |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 30 November 1994 – 12 September 1995 | |
| Monarch | King Birendra |
| Prime Minister | Man Mohan Adhikari |
| Preceded by | Girija Prasad Koirala |
| Succeeded by | Prakash Chandra Lohani |
| Minister of Defence | |
| In office 30 November 1994 – 12 September 1995 | |
| Monarch | King Birendra |
| Prime Minister | Man Mohan Adhikari |
| Member of Parliament, Pratinidhi Sabha | |
| Assumed office 22 December 2022 | |
| Preceded by | Anil Kumar Jha |
| Constituency | Rautahat 1 |
| In office May 1999 – May 2002 | |
| Preceded by | Braj Kishor Singh |
| Succeeded by | Baban Singh |
| Constituency | Rautahat 1 |
| In office 4 March 2018 – September 2022 | |
| Preceded by | Deepak Prasad Kuikel |
| Constituency | Kathmandu 2 |
| Member of Constituent Assembly | |
| In office 28 May 2008 – 28 May 2012 | |
| Constituency | Nominated |
| In office 21 January 2014 – 14 October 2017 | |
| Preceded by | Baban Singh |
| Succeeded by | Anil Kumar Jha |
| Constituency | Rautahat 1 |
| Member of Parliament, Rastriya Sabha | |
| In office 26 June 1991 – 27 June 1999 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 6 March 1953[1] Gaur, Nepal |
| Political party | CPN (Unified Socialist) (2021-present) |
| Other political affiliations | CPN (UML) (until 2018; 2021) Nepal Communist Party (2018-2021) |
| Alma mater | Tribhuvan University |
| Website | Official website |
| Nickname | माकुने |
He previously served as the Deputy Prime Minister along with the charges of important ministries like Foreign Affairs and Defence in the cabinet of Man Mohan Adhikari. He was previously the executive General Secretary of Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) for 15 years.[3]
Since 18 August 2021, he has been serving as the chairman of the CPN (Unified Socialist), a new party formed through split in CPN (UML) citing arrogance and monopoly of the party president KP Sharma Oli.[4] Madhav Kumar Nepal has received the Title Honor “Patron of Humanity”[5] award from World Humanitarian Drive(WHD)[6]
Early life
editMadhav Kumar Nepal was born into a Brahmin family to Mangal Kumar and Durgadevi Upadhaya.[7][8] He graduated in commerce from Tribhuvan University in 1973 and worked in banking and civil service before turning to full-time politics. He has two brothers, Binod Kumar Upadhyaya and Saroj Kumar Upadhyaya and three sisters, Kalika Bhandari, Indira Neupane and Basudha Pokharel.
Political career
editEarly political activism
editNepal joined the communist movement in 1969 (2026 B.S.). During the underground struggle, he used party names such as 'Subodh', 'Sunil', 'Ranjan' and 'Bibek'. In 1971, he became a district committee member of the Nepal Revolutionary Organisation (Marxist-Leninist). At a conference held in Biratnagar June 7–8, 1975, Nepal was elected as a bureau member of the All Nepal Communist Revolutionary Coordination Committee (Marxist-Leninist). When the ANCRCC (ML) founded the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist) in 1978, Nepal was elected a politburo member of the new party.
Multi-party democracy (1991–2006)
editHe was the Deputy Prime Minister in the CPN (UML) minority government in 1994-1995 as well as the leader of the opposition in the National Assembly during the 1990s. He argued for the Nepal Civil War to be solved through talks and did not believe that mobilization of the army was the solution and as the leader of CPN (UML), was one of the three key Nepali leaders, the other two being prime minister Girija Prasad Koirala and rebel Maoist leader Pushpa Kamal Dahal 'Prachanda', crucial in bringing the Maoists into the peace process and signing the 12 point peace accords that ended the decade long war.
Nepal was arrested in 2001 during a crackdown on anti-government protest. Following the palace massacre he called for Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala to step down, though later joined forces with him to launch a campaign against King Gyanendra's assumption of executive powers.[citation needed]
Transition period
editOn 12 April 2008, Nepal resigned as General Secretary of the CPN (UML),[9] after having lost the Kathmandu 2 seat to Maoist candidate Jhakku Prasad Subedi in the 2008 Constituent Assembly election.[10] Subedi was a comparatively obscure candidate.[11] Nepal was also defeated in Rautahat-6 constituency by Maoist candidate Devendra Patel.[12] He later won both Kathmandu 2 and Rautahat 1 seats in the Second Constituent Assembly election of 2013. Nepal later chose Rautahat 1.[13] He won the Kathmandu 2 constituency again in the 2017 general election by a margin of 14,000 votes.[14]
In June 2008, the CPN (UML) proposed that Nepal become the country's first President, following the declaration of a republic, though the idea did not materialise after disagreement with the ruling Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist).[15]
Prime Minister of Nepal
edit
He became the 34th Prime Minister of Nepal on 25 May 2009 after his predecessor Prachanda resigned over a conflict with the president over the dismissal of the army's chief of staff.[16]
Nepal himself resigned as prime minister on 30 June 2010 in an effort to help the government move past its deadlock and to pave the way for a national consensus government, as demanded by the opposition.[17][18]
Split in Nepal Communist Party and CPN (UML)
editNepal returned to CPN (UML) after the Supreme court decision to dissolve the party merger between CPN (UML) and CPN (Maoist Centre). Since 18 August 2021, he has been serving as the chairman of the CPN (Unified-Socialist), a new party formed through split in CPN (UML) citing arrogance and monopoly of the party president KP Sharma Oli.[4]
Major Political offices held
edit- 1990: Member, Constitution Drafting Commission
- 1991-1999: Member of the National Assembly
- 1991-1994: Leader of Opposition, National Assembly
- 1993-2008: General Secretary of the Communist Party of Nepal (UML)
- 1994-1995: Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Defence and Minister of Foreign Affairs
- 1999-2002: Member of the House of Representatives from Rautahat-1
- 1999-2002: Leader of the Opposition, House of Representatives
- 2008-2013: Member of the Constituent Assembly from CPN (UML) party list
- 2009-2011: Prime Minister of Nepal
- 2013-2017: Member of the Legislative Parliament from Kathmandu-2
- 2017–2021: Member of the House of Representatives from Kathmandu-2
Personal life
editHe is married to Gayatri Acharya. He has a son and a daughter, Saurav and Suman Nepal. There have been widespread rumorous claims that he adopted Christianity as his new faith and has been promoting conversion of Hindus to Christianity. However, he publicly and categorically denied any link with Christianity or having any role in expanding the activity of Christian missionaries in his country.[7][19]
Electoral history
editNepal contested in 2022 election from Rautahat. He faced Ajay Kumar Gupta of CPN(UML) who previously lost as mayor of Gaur Municipality in the 2022 Nepalese local elections.
| Rautahat 1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | |
| Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist) | Madhav Kumar Nepal | 33522 | |
| CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) | Ajay Kumar Gupta | 26922 | |
| Others | 1691 | ||
| Invalid votes | |||
| Result | CPN (US) gain | ||
| Source: eKantipur.com | |||
| Kathmandu 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | |
| CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) | Madhav Kumar Nepal | 27,366 | |
| Nepali Congress | Dipak Prasad Kuikel | 14,903 | |
| Bibeksheel Sajha Party | Surya Raj Acharya | 7,437 | |
| Others | 1,549 | ||
| Invalid votes | 1,790 | ||
| Result | CPN (UML) gain | ||
| Source: Election Commission | |||
| Rautahat 1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | |
| CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) | Madhav Kumar Nepal | 8,361 | |
| Madhesi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal (Democratic) | Ajay Kumar Gupta | 8,023 | |
| Sanghiya Sadbhavana Party | Anil Kumar Jha | 4,234 | |
| UCPN (Maoist) | Raj Kishor Prasad Yadav | 3,642 | |
| Sadbhavana Party | Yogendra Raya Yadav | 1,658 | |
| Madhesi Janaadhikar Forum, Nepal | Baban Singh | 1,481 | |
| Terai Madhesh Loktantrik Party | Babu Lal Prasad Sah Kanu | 1,470 | |
| Nepali Congress | Sant Lal Sah Teli | 1,302 | |
| Others | 3,822 | ||
| Result | CPN (UML) gain | ||
| Source: NepalNews[20] | |||
| Kathmandu 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | |
| CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) | Madhav Kumar Nepal | 21,747 | |
| Nepali Congress | Praitma Gautam | 12,479 | |
| UCPN (Maoist) | Lila Mani Pokharel | 7,134 | |
| Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal | Nawa Raj Simkhada | 5,358 | |
| Others | 2,680 | ||
| Result | CPN (UML) gain | ||
| Source: Election Commission | |||
| Kathmandu 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | |
| CPN (Maoist) | Jhakku Prasad Subedi | 13,858 | |
| CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) | Madhav Kumar Nepal | 12,325 | |
| Nepali Congress | Deepak Prasad Kuikel | 11,544 | |
| Rastriya Prajatantra Party | Deepak Meyar Shrestha | 1,570 | |
| Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal | Nawa Raj Simkhada | 1,569 | |
| Others | 2,212 | ||
| Invalid votes | 1,836 | ||
| Result | CPN (Maoist) gain | ||
| Source: Election Commission[21] | |||
| Rautahat 1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | |
| CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) | Madhav Kumar Nepal | 22,868 | |
| Nepali Congress | Braj Kishor Singh | 10,757 | |
| Independent | Parmananda Sah Teli | 3,157 | |
| CPN (Marxist–Leninist) | Bishwanath Prasad Agrawal | 3,058 | |
| Rastriya Prajatantra Party | Chandrika Prasad Singh | 3,030 | |
| Others | 1,443 | ||
| Invalid Votes | 1,306 | ||
| Result | CPN (UML) gain | ||
| Source: Election Commission[22][23] | |||
| Rautahat 4 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | |
| CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) | Madhav Kumar Nepal | 26,758 | |
| Nepali Congress | Uddhav Dhakal | 19,125 | |
| Nepal Sadbhawana Party | Yugal Kishor Chaudhary | 3,519 | |
| CPN (Marxist–Leninist) | Rajdev Prasad Chaudhary | 2,107 | |
| Others | 486 | ||
| Invalid Votes | 2,000 | ||
| Result | CPN (UML) gain | ||
| Source: Election Commission[22][23] | |||
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ संघीय संसद सदस्य, २०७४ परिचयात्मक पुस्तिका [Federal Parliament Members 2017 Introduction Booklet] (PDF) (in Nepali). Nepal: Federal Parliament Secretariat. 2021. p. 270.
- ^ "Nepal parliament elects new PM". Archived from the original on January 31, 2014.
- ^ "१५ वर्ष महासचिव बनेका माधव नेपाल १५ वर्षपछि दलको नेता". nepalkhabar (in Nepali). 3 June 2019. Retrieved 2022-01-21.
- ^ a b "माधव नेपालप्रति ओलीको टिप्पणी : सरकार ढाल्ने, अनि उनैलाई अध्यक्ष बनाउनुपर्ने ?". Online Khabar. Retrieved 2022-01-21.
- ^ https://foreignaffairsnews.com/madhav-nepal-honoured-with-patron-of-humanity/ [bare URL]
- ^ https://english.khabarhub.com/2020/30/108572/ [bare URL]
- ^ a b K.C., Surendra. Aitihasik Dastavej Sangraha - Bhag 2. Kathmandu: Pairavi Prakashan, 2063 B.S. p 460.
- ^ "CPN-UML Comrades Apart". Spotlight Nepal Magazine. Retrieved 2017-12-13.
- ^ "MK Nepal announces resignation as UML gen secy"[permanent dead link], Nepalnews, April 12, 2008.
- ^ "UML gen secy loses to CPN-M candidate in Kathmandu-2; NWPP takes both constituencies in Bhaktapur" Archived 2008-11-22 at the Wayback Machine, Nepalnews, April 12, 2008.
- ^ "Big Maoist wins could reshape Nepal's politics", The Christian Science Monitor, April 15, 2008.
- ^ "MK Nepal loses in Rautahat, too"[permanent dead link], Nepalnews, April 14, 2008.
- ^ "The difficulty of being Madhav Nepal". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 2022-01-30.
- ^ "निर्वाचन मतगणनाको परिणाम". result.election.gov.np. Retrieved 2022-01-30.
- ^ "UML, Maoist leaders differ on presidential candidate"[permanent dead link], Nepalnews, June 21, 2008.
- ^ "Communist leader elected Nepal PM". BBC. 23 May 2009.
- ^ "Nepal PM quits in live TV address". BBC News. June 30, 2010.
- ^ "Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal Resigns". Nepal News. 1 July 2010.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "NCP leader Nepal denies any link with Christianity". Republica.
- ^ "Nepalnews.com - News from Nepal as it happens". 2015-03-25. Archived from the original on 2015-03-25. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
- ^ "Ca Election report". 2009-10-03. Archived from the original on 2009-10-03. Retrieved 2020-11-15.
- ^ a b "Finalised Constituencies With Top Two Candidates". 2008-01-24. Archived from the original on 2008-01-24. Retrieved 2020-11-15.
- ^ a b "Election Results'99". nepalresearch.org. Retrieved 2020-11-15.
Further reading
edit- Busky, Donald F (2002). Communism in History and Theory. Praeger/Greenwood. ISBN 0-275-97733-1
- Hutt, Michael (2004). Himalayan "People's War". C. Hurst & Co Publishers. ISBN 1-85065-722-X
External links
edit