Malayer (Persian: ملایر)[a] is a city in the Central District of Malayer County, Hamadan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.[4]
Malayer
Persian: ملایر | |
|---|---|
City | |
 | |
  Malayer | |
| Coordinates: 34°18′00″N 48°49′04″E / 34.30000°N 48.81778°E[1] | |
| Country | Iran |
| Province | Hamadan |
| County | Malayer |
| District | Central |
| Area | |
• Total | 22.8 km2 (8.8 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,746 m (5,728 ft) |
| Population (2016)[2] | |
• Total | 170,237 |
| • Rank | Second in the province |
| Time zone | UTC+3:30 (IRST) |
| Area code | 0813 |
Malayer is the second largest city in the province, and is famous for furniture. The city has many parks, the biggest historical park of which is Seyfieh Park. Malayer is located between the two cities of Hamedan and Arak, both of which are the centers of the province. Malayer is the national city of furniture and inlays and the world city of grapes.[citation needed]
History
editMalayer, a city in western Iran, has a rich history dating back to ancient and pre-Islamic times. Originally known as Dowlatabad, it was renamed Malayer in the early 20th century, marking a shift in administrative and cultural significance. The city gained prominence during the Seljuk and Safavid dynasties as a key center for rug production. Its strategic location along historic trade routes contributed to its cultural diversity, reflected in the variety of designs found in Malayer rugs. Additionally, Malayer has been notable for its craftsmanship, particularly in rug-weaving and woodworking traditions.[5][6][7]
During the 1917-1919 famine, Malayer, like many other regions in Iran, experienced severe food shortages and hardship. The community faced challenges in sustaining local resources, significantly affecting the population.[8]
In World War II, Malayer was under British control as part of the broader Allied occupation in Iran. This occupation impacted local agriculture and resources, contributing to the economic and social conditions of the time.[9][10]
Demographics
editDialect
editThe people of Malayer speak a variety of Persian known as the Malayeri dialect. This dialect includes unique vocabulary and phonetic features that distinguish it from standard Persian. It reflects influences from the surrounding regions, incorporating elements from both Kurdish and Lori languages, contributing to its distinctiveness within the Hamadan province.[11][12]
Population
editAt the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 153,748 in 40,750 households.[13] The following census in 2011 counted 159,848 people in 46,939 households.[14] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 170,237 people in 52,697 households.[2]
Climate
edit| Climate data for Malayer (Elevation:1777.8m)(1992–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.4 (41.7) |
7.9 (46.2) |
12.3 (54.1) |
18.3 (64.9) |
23.7 (74.7) |
30.6 (87.1) |
34.7 (94.5) |
34.6 (94.3) |
29.8 (85.6) |
22.8 (73.0) |
14.1 (57.4) |
8.9 (48.0) |
20.3 (68.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.4 (32.7) |
2.9 (37.2) |
7.1 (44.8) |
12.0 (53.6) |
16.5 (61.7) |
21.8 (71.2) |
25.7 (78.3) |
25.2 (77.4) |
20.5 (68.9) |
15.1 (59.2) |
8.1 (46.6) |
3.6 (38.5) |
13.2 (55.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.1 (24.6) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
0.5 (32.9) |
5.6 (42.1) |
8.9 (48.0) |
12.5 (54.5) |
16.4 (61.5) |
16.0 (60.8) |
11.0 (51.8) |
7.1 (44.8) |
2.3 (36.1) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
6.0 (42.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 33.2 (1.31) |
40.6 (1.60) |
59.2 (2.33) |
55.4 (2.18) |
24.6 (0.97) |
3.4 (0.13) |
1.7 (0.07) |
3.8 (0.15) |
1.4 (0.06) |
15.6 (0.61) |
45.4 (1.79) |
35.3 (1.39) |
319.6 (12.59) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 69 | 62 | 56 | 51 | 44 | 30 | 27 | 26 | 27 | 38 | 58 | 65 | 46 |
| Source: IRIMO[15] | |||||||||||||
Tourist attractions
editSeifiyeh Park
One of the oldest natural parks in the west of the country is Seifiyeh Malayer Park, which is located in the northeast of this city at the foot of Mount Garme. This garden is built on an area of about 10 hectares and was built in 1304 by Saif al-Dawlah , the grandson of Fath Alishah Qajar, during his rule over Malayer and Toyserkan provinces.
Tappeh Nooshijan
Tappeh Nooshijan is an ancient archaeological site near Malayer, known for its well-preserved remnants of Median and Achaemenid structures. The site includes a fortress, temple, and various artifacts, providing valuable insights into early Iranian civilizations. It serves as an important location for historical and archaeological studies, attracting researchers and tourists interested in Iran's ancient heritage.[16]
Mini World Malayer
Mini World Malayer is a theme park in Malayer, Iran, featuring scaled replicas of famous landmarks from around the world and Iran. The park aims to provide educational and cultural experiences, highlighting significant historical and architectural achievements. Among the replicas are well-known structures like the Eiffel Tower and the Taj Mahal, allowing visitors to explore global landmarks in a compact setting.[17]
Bam-e-Malayer
Bam-e-Malayer is one of the sights of this city, which is located in the eastern part of this city.
Notable people
edit- Karim Khan Zand (c. 1705 – 1779): Founder of the Zand Dynasty, ruling from 1751 to 1779. Ruled over Iran (Persia) except for Khorasan. Learn more
- Mohammad Mohammadi-Malayeri: Professor focused on explaining the 250-year break in Iranian literary history.
- Hossein Yari (born 1968): Iranian actor, known for his work in theatre and Iranian TV.
Gallery
edit
-
Malayer Museum. -
Nooshijan -
Kosar park of Malayer -
Replica of the Pisa tower in Malayer -
Railroad station
See also
edit
Media related to Malayer at Wikimedia Commons
Notes
editReferences
edit- ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (15 November 2024). "Malayer, Malayer County" (Map). OpenStreetMap (in Persian). Retrieved 15 November 2024.
- ^ a b Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Hamadan Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Malayer can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3073682" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
- ^ Habibi, Hassan (c. 2024) [Approved 21 June 1369]. Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of Hamadan province, centered in Hamadan city. lamtakam.com (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Political Defense Commission of the Government Board. Proposal 3233.1.5.53; Letter 93808-907; Notification 82834/T134K. Archived from the original on 11 February 2024. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ^ Yarshater, Ehsan (1993). Encyclopaedia Iranica. Columbia University Center for Iranian Studies.
- ^ Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (2007). "Historic Cities of the Islamic World". Brill.
- ^ "Malayer Rug History & Origin Guide". Little Persia.
- ^ Majd, Mohammad Gholi (2003). The Great Famine and Genocide in Persia, 1917-1919. University Press of America.
- ^ Ward, Steven R.; Pollack, Kenneth M. (2009). The Persian Gulf in History. Columbia University Press.
- ^ Floor, Willem (1998). A Fiscal History of Iran in the Safavid and Qajar Periods. Bibliotheca Persica.
- ^ Windfuhr, Gernot (1979). Persian Grammar: History and State of its Study. Mouton de Gruyter.
- ^ Toosarvandani, Maziar (2009). "The Languages and Dialects of Iran". Iranian Studies. 42 (1).
- ^ Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Hamadan Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
- ^ Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Hamadan Province. irandataportal.syr.edu (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 17 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022 – via Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University.
- ^ Archived February 17, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Stronach, David (1978). Excavations at Tepe Nush-i Jan. British Institute of Persian Studies.
- ^ "Mini World Malayer". IRNA. Retrieved 30 June 2024.