The Sarawak section of the Federal Route 1, Asian Highway Route AH 150, also known as Pan Borneo Highway Sarawak or Sarawak First Trunk Road, is a 1077-km federal highway in Sarawak, Malaysia, making the highway as the longest component of the Malaysian portion of the larger Pan Borneo Highway network.[1] Construction of the highway began in 1965 after Sarawak became a member of the federation of Malaysia in 1963.
 | |
|---|---|
| Pan Borneo Highway Sarawak (Sarawak First Trunk Road) | |
| Route information | |
Part of  AH150 | |
| Length | 1,077.1 km (669.3 mi) |
| Existed | 1965–present |
| History | Completed in 1995 |
| Major junctions | |
| West end | Telok Melano |
| East end |  FT 1 Malaysia Federal Route 1 (Sabah) in Merapok |
| Section 1 | |
| West end | Sematan |
| Major intersections |  FT 21 Tebedu Highway FT 25 Batang Ai Highway FT 800 Jalan Tanjung Kidurong FT 801 Kuching Bypass FT 803 Bakun Highway |
| East end | Sungai Tujoh |
| Section 2 | |
| West end | Kuala Lurah |
| East end | Pandaruan |
| Section 3 | |
| West end | Mengkalap |
| East end | FT 1 Malaysia Federal Route 1 (Sabah) in Merapok |
| Location | |
| Country | Malaysia |
| Primary destinations | Kuching Serian Sri Aman Sarikei Sibu Bintulu Limbang |
| Highway system | |
The combined length of the Pan Borneo Highway Sarawak and its Sabahan counterpart forms the longest federal highway in Malaysia, with the total length of 1,503 km.[1]
The Pan Borneo Highway Sarawak is notable for having three separate segments, sandwiched by two segments of Bruneian Pan-Borneo Highway. The Federal Route 1 was built in sections, comprising 92 sections altogether. Generally, all other federal and state highways in Sarawak serve as tributaries of the Federal Route 1. The highway is the only east-west oriented highway in Sarawak and links most of the division capitals in Sarawak except Kapit and Mukah. The sections from Miri to Limbang and to Lawas are connected by Brunei highway networks. At the Sarawak-Sabah border at Merapok, motorists must pass an immigration checkpoint to enter Sabah and vice versa. The highway continues as Malaysia Federal Route 1 (Sabah) in Sindumin.
History
edit
The Sarawak Pan-Borneo Highway was built due to the lack of the intercity highway network in Sarawak. Initially, the intercity highway plan in Sarawak only existed after the Second World War ended in 1945, after Sarawak was ceded to Britain to become a British Crown Colony.[2]
The construction of the first intercity trunk highway in Sarawak was commenced in 1965, dubbed as the "First Trunk Road".[3] Most of the highway network in Sarawak was constructed within the decades of 1960s to 1980s.[2] The Lawas–Merapok–Sindumin section was completed in 1981[4] while the final missing link from Sibu to Bintulu was completed in 1985.[5] However, the highway had not been fully paved with asphalt yet at that time; it was only by the end of Sixth Malaysia Plan (RMK6) in 1995 that the FT1 highway in Sarawak was fully paved.[3]
Before 1996, all routes in the Pan-Borneo Highway network in Malaysia, including Sarawak Pan-Borneo Highway, were state highways. After the Federal Roads Act 1959 was made effective in Sabah and Sarawak in 1984, those highways were re-gazetted as federal highways in 1996 with the route number of FT1 (from Sematan to Kudat through Brunei), FT13 (Mile 32 Sandakan to Tawau) and FT22 (Tamparuli to Sandakan).[1] Those highways were later gazetted as a part of Asian Highway Network Route AH150.[6][7]
Although some sections had been upgraded to divided highways, the Sarawak Pan-Borneo Highway was notorious for its poor condition in many sections. The overall condition in many sections of the Malaysian section of the Highway was poor with many potholes, because most sections of the highway were built with standards as low as JKR R3 (design speed limit: 70 km/h; minimum lane width: 3.0 m).[8][9] A study to upgrade the entire highway to a super two highway under JKR R5 standard (design speed limit: 100 km/h; minimum lane width: 3.5 m) was done, which was expected to cost RM16 billion.[9] Ultimately, the Malaysian federal government had opted to upgrade the Pan-Borneo Highway to a divided highway.[10] The upgrade works of the Sarawak Pan-Borneo Highway to a divided highway is expected to be completed by 2023, with the overall cost of RM27 billion including its Sabahan counterparts.[11]
Sections of the Federal Route 1 in Sarawak
editThere are 93 sections that form the entire Federal Route 1 in Sarawak:-
| Name | From – To | Name of Road | Division |
|---|---|---|---|
| Federal Route 1 | Telok Melano – Sematan | Jalan Sematan–Telok Melano | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 1 | Sematan – Perigi Junction | Jalan Lundu–Sematan | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 2 | Perigi Junction - Biawak Junction | Jalan Lundu–Sematan | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 3 | Biawak Junction - Batang Kayan | Jalan Lundu–Sematan | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 4 | Batang Kayan - Selampit Junction | Jalan Bau–Lundu | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 5 | Selampit Junction - Bokah Junction | Jalan Bau–Lundu | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 6 | Bokah Junction - Sg. Topah | Jalan Bau–Lundu | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 7 | Sg. Topah - Bau / Tondong Junction | Jalan Bau–Lundu | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 8 | Bau / Tondong Junction - Kampung Pinang Junction | Jalan Batu Kawa–Tondong | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 9 | Kampung Pinang Junction - Sg. Sarawak (Batu Kawa) | Jalan Batu Kawa–Tondong | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 10 | Batang Sarawak(Batu Kawa) - Mile 3 Roundabout | Jalan Batu Kawa | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 11A | Mile 3 Roundabout - Jtn. Jalan Datuk Bandar Mustapha | Jalan Datuk Tawi Sli |
Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 11B1 | Mile 3 Roundabout - JKR Depot | Jalan Datuk Amar Kalong Ningkan (Southbound) | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 11B2 | JKR Depot - Mile 3 Roundabout | Jalan Datuk Amar Kalong Ningkan (Northbound) | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 12A | Mile 6 Roundabout - M 10 K/S Road (UP) | Jalan Penrissen (Southbound) | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 12B | M 10 K/S Road - Mile 6 Roundabout (DOWN) | Jalan Penrissen (Northbound) | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 13 | Mile 10 (End Dual cw) - Sg. Du'uh | Jalan Kuching–Serian | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 14 | Sg. Du'uh - Kuching / Samarahan Boundary | Jalan Kuching–Serian | Kuching |
| Federal Route 1 Section 15 | Kuching / Samarahan Boundary - Sg. Mamat | Jalan Kuching–Serian | Samarahan |
| Federal Route 1 Section 16 | Sg. Mamat - Serian Roundabout | Jalan Kuching–Serian | Samarahan |
| Federal Route 1 Section 17A | Serian Roundabout - Sg. Sadong Bridge | Jalan Serian Bypass | Samarahan |
| Federal Route 1 Section 17B | Sg. Sadong Bridge - Gedong Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Serian | Samarahan |
| Federal Route 1 Section 18 | Gedong Junction - Kampung Limau Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Serian | Samarahan |
| Federal Route 1 Section 19 | Kampung Limau Junction - Sg. Karang | Jalan Sri Aman–Serian | Samarahan |
| Federal Route 1 Section 20 | Sg. Karang - Sg. Stabau | Jalan Sri Aman–Serian | Samarahan |
| Federal Route 1 Section 21 | Sg. Stabau - Samarahan/ Sri Aman Boundary | Jalan Sri Aman–Serian | Samarahan |
| Federal Route 1 Section 22 | Samarahan / Sri Aman Boundary - Pantu Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman |
| Federal Route 1 Section 23 | Pantu Junction - Lachau Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman |
| Federal Route 1 Section 24 | Lachau Junction - Sg. Engkramut | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman |
| Federal Route 1 Section 25 | Sg. Engkramut - Sri Aman Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman |
| Federal Route 1 Section 26 | Sri Aman Junction - Batu Lintang Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman |
| Federal Route 1 Section 27 | Batu Lintang Junction - Engkilili Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman |
| Federal Route 1 Section 28 | Engkilili Junction - Lubok Antu Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman |
| Federal Route 1 Section 29 | Lubok Antu - Batang Skrang | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman |
| Federal Route 1 Section 30 | Batang Skrang - Betong Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman |
| Federal Route 1 Section 31 | Betong Junction - Batang Layar | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong |
| — | Batang Layar - Sg. Paku | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong |
| — | Sg. Paku - Sg. Rimbas | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong |
| — | Sg. Rimbas - Pusa Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong |
| — | Pusa Junction - Sg. Krian | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong |
| — | Sg. Krian - Saratok Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong |
| — | Saratok Junction - Roban Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong |
| — | Roban Junction - Sri Aman / Sarikei Boundary | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong |
| — | Sri Aman / Sarikei Boundary - Bayong Junction | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei |
| — | Bayong Junction - Sarikei Junction | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei |
| — | Sarikei Junction - Sg. Nyelong | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei |
| — | Sg. Nyelong - Bintangor Junction | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei |
| — | Bintangor Junction - Sg. Mador | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei |
| — | Sg. Mador - Sg. Jikang | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei |
| — | Sg. Jikang - Kanowit Junction | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei |
| — | Kanowit Junction - Durin Ferry Point | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sibu |
| — | Durin Ferry Point - Sibu Junction (M 12 Junction) | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sibu |
| — | Sibu Junction (M 12 Junction ) - Sg. Pasai | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu |
| — | Sg. Pasai - Btg. Oya | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu |
| — | Btg. Oya - Bukit Singalang | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu |
| — | Bukit Singalang - Btg. Mukah | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu |
| — | Btg. Mukah - Sg. Buluh | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu |
| — | Sg. Buluh - Btg. Balingian | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu |
| — | Btg. Balingian - Kemena Junction | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu |
| — | Kemena Junction - Sg. Arip Bridge End | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu |
| — | Sg. Arip - Sibu / Bintulu Boundary | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Sibu / Bintulu Boundary - Batang Tatau | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Batang Tatau - Sg. Semanok | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Sg. Semanok - Sg. Selad | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Sg. Selad - Batang Kemena | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Batang Kemena - Bintulu Junction | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Bintulu Junction - Sg. Sibiu No.2 | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Nyabau Jnt. (end of single CW) - Bintulu Jnt. | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Sg. Sibiu No.2 - Sg. Sibiu No.3 | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Sg. Sibiu No.3 - Mile 22 Quarry Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Mile 22 Quarry junction - Sg. Similajau | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Sg. Similajau - Rumah Lankan | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Rumah Lankan - Bintulu / Miri Boundary | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Bintulu / Miri Boundary - Sg. Suai | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu |
| — | Sg. Suai - Telabit Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Telabit Junction - Niah Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Niah junction - Subis 2 Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Subis 2 Junction - Karabungan Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Karabungan Junction - Sg. Bakas | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Sg. Bakas - Bekenu Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Bekenu Junction - Entulang Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Entulang Junction - Sg. Liku | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Sg. Liku - Sg. Rait Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Sg. Rait Junction - Miri Airport Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Miri Airport Junction - Puchong Roundabout | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Puchong Roundabout - Miri Airport Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri |
| — | Puchong Roundabout - Sg. Lutong (UP) | Jalan Miri–Lutong | Miri |
| — | Sg. Miri - Puchong Roundabout (DOWN) | Jalan Miri–Lutong | Miri |
| Federal Route 1 Section 81 | Sg. Lutong - Kuala Baram Ferry Point | Jalan Lutong–Kuala Baram | Miri |
| Federal Route 1 Section 82 | Kuala Baram Ferry Point - Sg. Tujuh Checkpoint (Brunei-Malaysia Border | Jalan Kuala Baram–Sungai Tujuh | Miri |
| — | Tedungan Checkpoint, Limbang (Brunei-Malaysia Border) - Sg. Limbang | Jalan Tedungan-Limbang | Limbang |
| — | Sg. Limbang Bridge - Ng. Medamit / Batu Danau Junction | Jalan Tedungan-Limbang | Limbang |
| — | Ng. Medamit/Batu Danau Jnt.-Kubong/Ng. Medamit Jnt. | Jalan Tedungan-Limbang | Limbang |
| — | Kubong Junction - Limbang Town (Police Station) | Jalan Limbang | Limbang |
| — | Limbang Town - Pandaruan Checkpoint, Limbang (Brunei-Malaysia Border) | Jalan Limbang | Limbang |
| — | Mengkalap Checkpoint, Lawas (Brunei-Malaysia Border) - Sg. Trusan | Jalan Lawas | Limbang |
| Federal Route 1 Section 89 | Sg. Trusan - Lawas Town | Jalan Lawas | Limbang |
| Federal Route 1 Section 90 | Lawas Town - Batang Lawas | Jalan Lawas | Limbang |
| Federal Route 1 Section 91 | Batang Lawas - Sg. Malagang | Jalan Lawas | Limbang |
| Federal Route 1 Section 92 | Sg. Malagang - Lawas/Sabah Border | Jalan Lawas | Limbang |
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c Senarai Jalan Persekutuan Utama Malaysia Archived 2011-07-28 at the Wayback Machine (in Malay) - Malaysian Public Works Department. Accessed 2011-5-14.
- ^ a b Hill, R.D.; Bray, Jennifer M. (1976). Geography and the Environment in Southeast Asia. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. ISBN 9789622090095.
- ^ a b Mody, Ashoka (August 1997). Infrastructure Strategies in East Asia: The Untold Story. Washington, D.C.: Economic Development Institute of the World Bank. p. 35. ISBN 9780821340271.
- ^ Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad (17 November 1981). Sempena Pembukaan Rasmi Lebuhraya Papar ke Sindumin (Speech). Papar-Sindumin Highway FT1 inaugural speech. Sabah, Malaysia. Retrieved 13 March 2013. (in Malay)
- ^ Loi, Teck Hui (16 August 2017). Practising Corporate Social Responsibility in Malaysia: A Case Study in an Emerging Economy. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 76. ISBN 978-3-319-62475-4.
- ^ "Asian Highway Database: AH Network in Member Countries". United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Archived from the original on 2013-01-25. Retrieved 2015-09-19.
- ^ ERIA Study Team. "Current Status of ASEAN Transport Sector" (PDF). ASEAN Strategic Transport Plan 2011–2015. Jakarta: ASEAN Secretariat and ERIA: 3-1–3-95. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
- ^ Zaain Zin (17 December 2011). "Naik taraf jalan Pan Borneo RM16b". Utusan Malaysia. Retrieved 14 January 2012. (in Malay)
- ^ a b Wong, Jack (17 December 2011). "Study gets underway for proposed upgrading of much-maligned Pan Borneo Highway". The Star. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
- ^ Sinyang, Angeline (2015-04-01). "Pan Borneo Sarawak dilancar". Utusan Malaysia (in Malay). Retrieved 2017-10-19.
- ^ "Lebuhraya Pan Borneo Sarawak dijangka siap pada 2023 - Rosnah" (in Malay). Berita Harian. 2015-11-26. Retrieved 2017-10-19.