Malikov (Russian: Маликов) is a surname; its feminine form is Malikova (Russian: Маликова). It may refer to
- Afag Malikova (born 1947), Azerbaijani dancer
- Aladdin Malikov (born 1982), Azerbaijanian religious philosopher
- Anna Malikova (born 1965), Uzbek pianist
- Anna Malíková (born 1959) Slovak former politician (MP 1998 to 2006, and 2010 to 2012)
- Andrey Malikov (born 1954), Soviet speed skater
- Arif Malikov (1933–2019), Azerbaijani and Soviet composer.
- Asif Malikov (born 1971), Azerbaijani weightlifter
- Barbora Malíková (born 2001), Czech sprinter
- Dmitri Malikov (footballer) (born 1977), Russian footballer
- Dmitry Malikov (born 1970), Russian composer, singer, and record producer
- Helena Malikova (born 1983), Slovakian civil servant
- Najiba Malikova (1921–1992) Azerbaijani actress
- Nigar Malikova (born 1983), Azerbaijani footballer
- Pavel Malikov (born 1986), Russian professional boxer
- Rail Malikov (born 1985), Azerbaijani football defender
- Telman Malikov (born 1950), Azerbaijani scientist
- Valeriy Malikov (1942–2016), Ukrainian statesmen
- Zuzana Malíková (born 1983), Slovakian race walker