The Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh was a conflict between the Government of Bangladesh and the multiple Maoist groups within Bangladesh, such as the PBCP, GMF, PBCP-J, etc.
| Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Terrorism in Bangladesh | ||||||||
 The location of Khulna Division. | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| Belligerents | ||||||||
 Bangladesh |
 GMF (inactive) | |||||||
| Casualties and losses | ||||||||
| 25+ Security Force members dead[2] |
918+ Maoist insurgents dead[2] 4,237+ Maoist insurgents surrendered[3][4][5] | Unknown | ||||||
| Total: 1,191+ deaths[6][7][8] | ||||||||
History
editThe Purbo Banglar Communist Party was founded in 1968. During the Bangladesh Liberation War the group aligned itself with Pakistan and China against Bangladeshi nationalists and the Soviet Union.[9] [failed verification]
The PBCP became involved in criminal activities in the 1990s in order to finance itself.[10] [failed verification] In 1993 the PBCP started a war against the BCP for control over Khulna and for ideological differences (the BCP is exclusively Maoist while the PBCP had become a mixture of Maoism and Naxalism).[8] In the 2000s the PBCP underwent several splits, the most important of which took place in 2003, forming the PBCP-J (Purbo Banglar Communist Party-Janajuddha, dedicated to socialist revolution) thus starting an internal conflict that has killed 18 people.[11] In 2002, Gazi Kamrul, the founder of BCP, was detained from his residence during Operation Clean Heart on 23 August 2002.[12] Since 2005 the PBCP has begun to extend its insurrection with terrorist attacks, clashing with the government and also with rival Islamist groups like the JMJB.[13][14] In 2006, the PBCP-J also began to carry out attacks and clashed with the government.[15] Between 2005 and 2006, 379 people died in the insurgency.[6] After this period, the insurrection diminished in intensity from year to year with fewer incidents.
Casualties
edit| Year | Deaths |
|---|---|
| 1993 | 34 |
| 1994 | 8 |
| 1995 | 2 |
| 2000 | 3 |
| 2001 | 3 |
| 2002 | 43 |
| 2003 | 133 |
| 2004 | 212 |
| 2005 | 193 |
| 2006 | 186 |
| 2007 | 72 |
| 2008 | 54 |
| 2009 | 86 |
| 2010 | 39 |
| 2011 | 19 |
| 2012 | 10 |
| 2013 | 24 |
| 2014 | 12 |
| 2015 | 14 |
| 2016 | 17 |
| 2017 | 13 |
| 2018 | 8 |
| 2019 | 3 |
| 2020 | 2 |
| 2021 | 1 |
| 2022 | 0 |
| 2023 | 0 |
| 2024 | 0 |
| Total | 1,191+[16][2] |
From 1993 to 2022 there were 1,191+ deaths in the insurgency. From the period 2003-2006 (the most violent period of the insurgency) there were 724 deaths.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh (JMJB), South Asia Terrorism Portal". www.satp.org. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
- ^ a b c d "Datasheet - Left-wing Extremism". www.satp.org. Retrieved 2022-08-29.
- ^ "315 ultra-left activists surrender to embrace normal life". Dhaka Tribune. 21 May 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
- ^ "700 communist outlaws to surrender in Pabna". The Daily Star. 2 April 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- ^ "596 outlaws surrender in Pabna". The Daily Star. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- ^ a b "UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Archived from the original on 2022-06-13. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
- ^ "UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
- ^ a b "UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
- ^ "Purba Banglar Communist Party (PBCP), South Asia Terrorism Portal". www.satp.org. Archived from the original on 2016-04-28. Retrieved 2016-04-02.
- ^ Sikder, Siraj. "Exposure of the draft strategy and program of the so called East Bengal Communist party" (PDF). bannedthought.net. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-02-04.
- ^ "Leftist Parties of Bangladesh". Archived from the original on 2015-04-03. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
- ^ "Two outlaws held, one freed on bail: Arms recovered". The Daily Star. 2011-01-09. Archived from the original on 2021-11-09. Retrieved 2021-11-09.
- ^ "PBCP". UCDP. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
- ^ "Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh (JMJB)". South Asia Terrorism Portal. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
- ^ Hussain, Ahmede (12 March 2004). "Everything Falls Apart". Star Magazine. The Daily Star. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Archived from the original on 2022-05-21. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
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