Maratus jactatus (colloquially named sparklemuffin)[2] is a species of the genus Maratus (peacock spiders), an Australian member of the jumping spider family. Maratus jactatus are from the jumping spider group Salticidae.[3] The name jactatus is Latin for rocking - derived from their signature mating rituals. Maratus jactatus have the ability to jump lengths up to 50 times their size. They have been collected only in Wondul Range National Park in southern Queensland.[4] Sparklemuffins are very small spiders that range from being four to six millimeters in length, similar to the length of a grain of rice. The males are close to four and one half millimeters long, which is smaller compared to the female who are about five and three tenths millimeters long.[3]
| Maratus jactatus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Salticidae |
| Subfamily: | Salticinae |
| Genus: | Maratus |
| Species: | M. jactatus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Maratus jactatus Otto & Hill, 2015[1]
| |
Body structure and attributes
editThe female has a cryptically coloured back, where as the male has a colourful back. Males have vibrant and unique colour patterns, similar to Maratus digitatus and Maratus calcitrans. Maratus jactatus males are set apart from these other species by their opisthosomal flap that extends to cover the opisthosomal plate. They also spread the flaps from over their inflated opisthomal plate, revealing unique iridescent blue scales "interrupted by three bold transverse bands of red-orange to orange pigmented scales".[4]
Behaviour
editCourtship
editLike other Maratus spiders, the males of the species engage in a courtship display, during which they extend their median and posterior fringed spinnerets. A male presents both the extended spinnerets and his expanded and inflated opisthoma as he faces the female that he courts.[4] Females will usually mate only once.
Maratus
editPrey and predator relationships
editThe spiders eat small insects like ants and sometimes other spiders. The females sometimes eat the male when they are trying to court them if they are not impressed. The Maratus spiders are preyed upon by bigger insects.[5]
Role in ecosystem
editThey eat small insects which ties in with their role in the ecosystem, controlling insect population. The control of the insects can then in turn help with agriculture seeing as there are not as many insects.
Nesting
editFemales make their nest under ground and they stay to guard the eggs. The eggs then later hatch, but at different times depending on the sex of the spider.[5]
References
edit- ^ "Taxon details Maratus jactatus Otto & Hill, 2015". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2016-06-17.
- ^ Arnold, Carrie (24 March 2015). "Behold Sparklemuffin and Skeletorus, New Peacock Spiders". National Geographic News. National Geographic Society.
- ^ a b Anderson, Natali (March 2, 2015). "Two New Species of Peacock Spiders Discovered in Australia | Biology | Sci-News.com". Breaking Science News | Sci-News.com. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
- ^ a b c Otto, Jürgen C.; Hill, David E. (20 January 2015). "Two new peacock spiders of the calcitrans group from southern Queensland (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus)" (PDF). Peckhamia. 121 (1). Simpsonville, SC: The Peckham Society: 1–34. ISSN 2161-8526.
- ^ a b Short, Abigail. "Maratus". Animal Diversity Web. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
Further reading
edit
- McCoy, Dakota E.; McCoy, Victoria E.; Mandsberg, Nikolaj K.; Shneidman, Anna V.; Aizenberg, Joanna; Prum, Richard O.; Haig, David (15 May 2019). "Structurally assisted super black in colourful peacock spiders". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 286 (1902): 20190589. doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.0589. PMC 6532503. PMID 31088270.
- Cerveira, Ana M.; Jackson, Robert R.; Nelson, Ximena J. (1 May 2019). "Dim-light vision in jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae): identification of prey and rivals". The Journal of Experimental Biology. 222 (9): jeb198069. doi:10.1242/jeb.198069. PMC 6526699. PMID 31019068.
- “Dancing Spiders.” Scholastic News -- Edition 5/6, vol. 83, no. 21, Apr. 2015, p. 3
- McCoy, Dakota E.; McCoy, Victoria E.; Mandsberg, Nikolaj K.; Shneidman, Anna V.; Aizenberg, Joanna; Prum, Richard O.; Haig, David (15 May 2019). "Structurally assisted super black in colourful peacock spiders". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 286 (1902): 20190589. doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.0589. PMC 6532503. PMID 31088270.