Margaret Whyte MB BS (1868 – 25 April 1946) was a medical doctor from Melbourne, Australia. She graduated as a doctor with the top grades in her class of 1891, and along with her classmate Clara Stone, this made them the first women to graduate as doctors in Victoria. While she qualified for a residency at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, she was denied her place because of her gender, and so took an appointment in 1892 at the Royal Women's Hospital instead. She was the first woman resident at the hospital.
Margaret Whyte MB BS | |
|---|---|
Margaret Whyte, 1887 | |
| Born | 1868 Victoria, Australia |
| Died | 25 April 1946 (aged 77–78) |
| Other names | Margaret Martell |
| Education |
|
| Occupation | Physician |
| Years active | 1887–1902 |
| Medical career | |
| Profession | Physician |
| Institutions | |
Early life
editMargaret Whyte was born in Victoria in 1868 to Patrick Whyte, a headmaster of the Model School in Carlton.[1]
Studying medicine
editIn 1887, women were not permitted to study medicine in any university in Australia, including at the University of Melbourne.[2] Whyte had been refused entrance to medicine when she responded to a newspaper advertisement posted by Lilian Alexander, and Helen Sexton seeking fellow women interested in studying medicine at the university. Whyte was one of five women who responded, the others being Grace Vale, Clara Stone, and Elizabeth and Annie O'Hara.[3]
Together they actively agitated through their connections on the University council, and through the media to force the University to allow them to enrol in Medicine.[3] On the 21 February 1887, the university council met and approved a motion to allow women into medicine, ten votes to three.[3] All seven women were enrolled, and graduated, with Stone being one of the first, graduating with Whyte in 1891.[2][3]
During her studies, Whyte earned the praise of Thomas Naghten Fitzgerald for her skills in dissection and surgical work.[1]
In 1892, Whyte was elected as the assistant resident at the Royal Women's Hospital.
Later life
editWhyte met Horatio Percy Martell, (1862–1932) a fellow doctor at the Royal Women's Hospital, they were engaged in 1892,[4] and married on 16 April 1895.[5]
In April of 1902, Whyte, then known as Dr. Martell, was appointed as the senior resident surgeon in the Midwifery department of the Royal Women's Hospital.[6] The hospital had been having issues with pressures on staff, and when she was hired she was required to work alone. The hospital were in the process of recruiting an assistant for her, but anticipated difficulty filling the role due to her gender.[7] Whyte resigned in June of the same year.[8]
Whyte died on 25 April 1946.[9]
References
edit- ^ a b "Our Melbourne Letter". Queenslander. Brisbane, Queensland: National Library of Australia. 1892-01-16. p. 101. Archived from the original on 2024-04-01. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
- ^ a b Turner, Elizabeth K (1984), The 88th Presidential Address to the Victorian Medical Women's Society, 18th November 1983 (PDF), Chiron Newsletter (March ed.), Melbourne, Victoria: University of Melbourne Medical Society, pp. 3–6, archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-03-24, retrieved 2024-03-31
- ^ a b c d Healy, Jacqueline, ed. (2013). Strength of mind: 125 years of women in medicine (PDF). Melbourne, Victoria: Medical History Museum, University of Melbourne. ISBN 9780734048608. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 December 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2024.
- ^ "Our Melbourne letter". Queenslander. Brisbane, Queensland: National Library of Australia. 1892-09-17. p. 557. Archived from the original on 2024-04-01. Retrieved 2024-04-01.
- ^ "Gossip". Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser. National Library of Australia. 1895-04-20. Archived from the original on 2024-04-01. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
- ^ "Women's Hospital Trouble". Age. Melbourne, Victoria: National Library of Australia. 1902-04-18. p. 4. Archived from the original on 2024-04-01. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
- ^ "The Women's Hospital". Hamilton Spectator. Victoria: National Library of Australia. 1902-06-28. p. 2. Archived from the original on 2024-04-01. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
- ^ "Melbourne Letter". Gippsland Times. Victoria: National Library of Australia. 1902-04-28. p. 3. Archived from the original on 2024-04-01. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
- ^ "Family Notices". Argus. Melbourne, Australia: National Library of Australia. 1946-04-29. p. 2. Archived from the original on 2024-04-01. Retrieved 2024-03-31.