Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasiums

Mariinsky Gymnasium (Russian: Мариинская гимназия) — is the general name of a network of female secondary educational institutions in the Russian Empire with 7-year education of the Department of Charitable Institutions of Empress Maria, named in honor of Empress Maria Alexandrovna (wife of Emperor Alexander II). In 1894, in the Russian Empire there were 30 gymnasiums of the Department of Institutions of Empress Maria: 9945 students studied in them. Most gymnasiums were closed after the October Revolution.

The name “Mariinskaya” is its own, “granted” or “permitted” by a separate resolution of the ministry in honor of Empress Maria Alexandrovna, the patroness of the educational institution. Since 1882, another category of Mariinsky schools appeared, founded on the initiative of Empress Maria Feodorovna, “for those girls who, due to the social and financial situation of their parents, do not need a gymnasium or institute education and, having received primary general education, wish to devote themselves to studying in vocational schools."

According to the charter of 1862, girls of all religions, including Jewish, could receive education in the Mariinsky gymnasiums. In 1880, the largest number of Jewish students was in the Kiev-Podolsk gymnasium - about 1/6 of the total number of students.

Girls of all classes were allowed to study at the Mariinsky gymnasium, which is confirmed by an analysis of the social composition of the students. At the same time, during the second half of the 19th century. the proportion of children of urban classes gradually increased (from 27.3% to 36.5%, that is, by 9.2%), and the number of noblewomen decreased (from 54.3% to 50.2%, by 4.1%). But the pace of this process was slower compared to women's institutions of the educational department. For example, in the ministerial gymnasiums of the Kyiv educational district over the same period, the share of children of burghers increased by 11.7%, and those of noblewomen decreased by 8.9%35. Thus, representatives of the noble class predominated in the Mariinsky gymnasiums. The exception was the Kiev-Podolsk gymnasium, where the majority of students belonged to the urban classes. This was explained by the active participation of the Kyiv merchants in the establishment of the institution.

Mariinsky girls' gymnasiums on the territory of Azerbaijan:

• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Baku)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Shusha) (since 1875)

Mariinsky girls' gymnasiums on the territory of Belarus:

• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Vitebsk)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Hrodna)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Minsk)

Mariinsky girls' gymnasiums on the territory of Russia:

• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Astrakhan) (since 1867)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Achinsk)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Vologda) (since 1862)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Vyatka) (since 1865)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Ekaterinoslav) (since 1870)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Kazan)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Krasnoyarsk)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Kursk)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Novocherkassk) (since 1860)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Nizhny Novgorod) (since 1870)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Perm) (since 1871)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Petrozavodsk) (since 1870)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Pskov)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Ryazan)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (St. Petersburg)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Saratov)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Simbirsk) (since 1864)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Smolensk) (since 1870)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Tver)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Tomsk) (since 1863)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Ufa) (since 1865)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Tsarskoe Selo) (since 1865)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Cherepovets)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Yaroslavl)

Mariinsky girls' gymnasiums on the territory of Ukraine:

• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Katerinoslav) (since 1870)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Kamyants-Podilskyi) (since 1867)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Kremenchuk)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Mariupol) (since 1875)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Mykolaiv) (since September 20, 1870)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Odesa) (since 1868)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Taganrog) (since 1862)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Kherson)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Kyiv)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Zhytomyr)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Poltava)
• Mariinsky Girls' Gymnasium (Kharkiv)

Sources

• Activities of female gymnasiums of the Empress Maria Institutions Department in Ukraine (second half of the 19th century) Archived July 29, 2021, at the Wayback Machine /T. Tronko //Severyan annals. — 2014. — No 6. — P. 290–297. — Bibliography: 57 titles — Ukrainian.