Martha Mears was an eighteenth-century midwife and author.[1]
Mears was a midwife, mother, and author in London, England.[1][2] Her work, Pupil of Nature, was published in 1797.[1] The full title is Pupil of Nature: Candid advice to the fair sex, on the subjects of pregnancy, childbirth, the diseases incident to both, the fatal effects of ignorance and quackery, and the most approved means of promoting health, strength and beauty of their offspring.[1] It consists of 10 essays about topics from the state of the womb before and after conception, to the effect of music on nerves.[1] She depicted the pregnant woman as a cluster of symptoms to be managed, particularly with regard to her psychological state.[1] Mears subscribed to the common notion that "irritability" of the pregnant woman’s uterus induced a heightened "sensibility".[1] The organization and broad scope of the text mirrored this representation of the body as a bundle of potential pathologies.[1] A contemporary review of her work describes its purpose being to teach women the important advantages of pursuing nature's plans in everything that relates to the pregnant state.[2] Mears' studied the writings of Harvey, Leake, Smellie and Denman.[2]
Legacy
editMears' was the last major contributor to the eighteenth-century midwifery dispute.[3] Her work is considered an eighteenth-century version of the popular prenatal guide What to Expect When You’re Expecting.[1]
In 1979, the American feminist artist Judy Chicago paid tribute to her by quoting her in her major work The Dinner Party.[4]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i Lay, Mary M., ed. (2000). Body talk : rhetoric, technology, reproduction. Madison, Wis. [u.a.]: Univ. of Wisconsin Press. pp. 41–42. ISBN 9780299167905.
- ^ a b c "Medecine". The Critical Review, or, Annals of Literature: 462. April 1798.
- ^ Jones, Vivien, ed. (1991). Women in the eighteenth century : constructions of femininity (Repr. ed.). London [u.a.]: Routledge. p. 246. ISBN 0415034884.
- ^ "Brooklyn Museum: Martha Mears". www.brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved 24 April 2020.