The Matsuba-kai (松葉会), meaning "Pine Needle Society,"[1] is a yakuza organization based in Tokyo, Japan.[2] The Matsuba-kai is a designated yakuza group with an estimated 360 active members as of 2020.[3][4]
松葉会 | |
 Daimon of Matsuba-kai | |
| Founded | March 1953 |
|---|---|
| Founding location | Tokyo |
| Years active | 1953–present |
| Territory | Kantō region of Japan |
| Ethnicity | Japanese |
| Membership | 360 (2020 estimate) |
| Leader(s) | Yoshimasa Itō |
| Activities | Organized crime |
The Matsuba-kai is a member of a yakuza fraternal federation named the Kantō Hatsuka-kai, along with four other Kantō-based yakuza syndicates, the Sumiyoshi-kai, the Inagawa-kai, the Toa-kai, and the Soai-kai.[5]
History
editThe precursor to the Matsuba-kai was the Sekine-gumi (関根組), a yakuza gang founded in Sumida, Tokyo in 1936 by a bakuto named Masaru Sekine. In 1946, they were involved in the Shibuya incident where they fought for control of the local black markets. The Sekine-gumi rapidly expanded, but in 1947 many members were arrested by US occupation authorities for firearms possession, resulting in the group's disbandment. Thereafter, remnants of the gang came together with the remnants of another gang, the Fujita-gumi, to found a new organization called the "Matsuba-kai" in March 1953.[4]
In April 1960, Matsuba-kai thugs ransacked the Tokyo headquarters of the Mainichi Shimbun newspaper in revenge for unfavorable coverage.[6] In late 1960 and early 1961, members of the Matsuba-kai mounted protests outside the offices of the literary magazine Chūō Kōron in protest of magazine's publication of Shichirō Fukazawa's short story "The Tale of an Elegant Dream” (Fūryū mutan), which described the beheading of the Imperial family with a guillotine.[7]
In the 1980s when the gang was caught smuggling 12 kilos of heroin into Canada.[8]
The Matsuba-kai was registered as a designated yakuza group under the Organized Crime Countermeasures Law in 1994.[9]
In the early 2000s the Matsuba-kai was involved in a violent feud with the rival Kyokuto-kai, which led to a number of shootings.[10] In early 2005, it was revealed that the Urayasu-based cleaning company contracted to Tokyo Disney Resort was run by a member of the Matsuba-kai, Saburō Shiga.[citation needed]
References
edit- ^ Kapur, Nick (2018). Japan at the Crossroads: Conflict and Compromise after Anpo. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-0674984424.
- ^ "Police of Japan 2011, Criminal Investigation : 2. Fight Against Organized Crime" Archived 2011-08-10 at the Wayback Machine, December 2009, National Police Agency
- ^ National Police Agency(in Japanese) (2020-04-02). 令和元年における組織犯罪の情勢【確定値版 (PDF) (Report). pp. 7–40. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
- ^ a b "Matsuba-kai", 20 February 2008, Matsue Joho Center (in Japanese)
- ^ "The Yamaguchi-gumi Bakuhu theory", Kenji Ino, 17 December 2007 (in Japanese)
- ^ Kapur, Nick (2018). Japan at the Crossroads: Conflict and Compromise after Anpo. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-0674984424.
- ^ Kapur, Nick (2018). Japan at the Crossroads: Conflict and Compromise after Anpo. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 256–257. ISBN 978-0674984424.
- ^ Kaplan, David E.; Dubro, Alec (2012). Yakuza: Japan's Criminal Underworld. pp. 320–21. ISBN 9780520274907.
- ^ "10 years from the enforcement of the Organized Crime Countermeasures Law" Archived 2011-09-27 at the Wayback Machine, March 2002, National Police Agency, (in Japanese)
- ^ "Midday shooting in Shinjuku hotel leaves gangster dead, cop injured", 20 March 2001, The Japan Times