Muhammad Shafee Okarvi (Urdu: اردو نام: محمد شفیع اوکاڑوی; 2 February 1930 – 24 April 1984), also known by his honorific as Maulana Muhammad Shafee Okarvi, was a Pakistani religious scholar and orator. He was one of the founders of the Jamaa'at-e-Ahle-Sunnat[1][2][3] Pakistan and the Gulzaar-e-Habeeb Trust. He has received various honors from the Pakistani government and private institutes including the Sitara-e-Imtiaz. Over a span of thirty-eight years, Okarvi delivered over 18,000 speeches on many religious topics.[4]
Muhammad Shafi Okarvi | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Personal | |
| Born | Muhammad Shafee 2 February 1930 |
| Died | 24 April 1984 (aged 54) |
| Religion | Islam |
| Nationality | Pakistani |
| Children | Kaukab Noorani Okarvi |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Hanafi |
| Movement | Barelvi (Jamaat Ahle Sunnat) |
| Alma mater | Ashraf ul Madaris |
| Tariqa | Naqshbandi (Mujaddidi) |
| Known for | His vigorous and inspiring speeches |
| Occupation | Religious scholar |
| Muslim leader | |
| Awards | Sitara-i-Imtiaz (Star of Excellence) Award by the President of Pakistan in 1985 |
| Arabic name | |
| Personal (Ism) | Shafīʿ شفيع |
| Patronymic (Nasab) | ibn Karam Ilāhī ibn Allāh Ditta ibn Imām ad-Dīn بن كرم إلهي بن الله دتة بن إمام الدين |
| Toponymic (Nisba) | al-Awkārwī الأوكاروي al-Kīmkaranī الكيمكرني |
Early life and education
editOkarvi was born in Khem Karan, East Punjab, India, to Haaji Shaiekh Karam Ilaahi, a local businessman. He was the eldest son of seven siblings. He began his education by learning to read and memorise the Quran and he completed middle school.[5]
Personal life
editOkarvi married at a young age and fathered eleven children, these being five sons and six daughters. In 1952, however, his two eldest sons, three-year-old Muneer Ahmad and 14-month-old Tanveer Ahmad, died within a week of each other. His eldest son, Kaukab Noorani Okarvi, continues his father's religious work.[6][7]
Religious and academic work
editIn 1947, after migrating from India, he and his father built Masjid Ghausiyah in Okara. In 1950, he began leading Friday prayers and teaching the congregation at Jaame Masjid Muhaajireen in Sahiwal and became the head of the Department of Religion at Birla High School (renamed Sutlej Cotton Mills High School) in Okara.[8]
From 1952 to 1953, he contributed to the Tahreek-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatm-e-Nubuwwat, which is an organization created to persecute Ahmadi Muslims. In 1954, he also established the Jaami'ah Hanafiyah Ashraf-ul-Madaaris on Grand Trunk Road in Okara and remained one of its mentors and sponsors.[8]
In 1955, he visited Karachi for the first time when he lectured at the Jaame Masjid Aaraam Bagh on the first Laylat al-Qadr. The following year he became the lecturer and Imam of Memon Masjid and he founded Jamaat Ahle Sunnat and became its first chairman.[9][10]
International endeavors
editOkarvi preached in the Far East, Middle East, India, Palestine, South Africa, United Arab Emirates, Mauritius and many other countries.[11] He sold 100,000 cassettes of his speeches in South Africa before 1980.[12] Video cassettes of his speeches are also widely distributed internationally.
In 1962, Okarvi travelled to Baghdad, Syria, Karbala, Beirut, Jeddah, Makkah and Madinah. He visited the shrines of many spiritual and religious scholars as well as many notable mosques and historical holy places.[13]
In 1976, Okarvi established in South Africa, Anjuman Ahl-e-Sunnat Wa Jamaa'at.[2][3]
In 1974, Okarvi formed the Jamaa'at e Ahle Sunnat in Durban, South Africa, which attracted up to 10,000 members.[14]
Okarvi made the journey to Mecca for Hajj, Ziyaarat and Umrah sixteen times.[13]
Political and social contribution
editHe was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan in 1977.[15]
He was made the Chief of Tahreek-e-Khatm-e-Nabuwwat in Sahiwal district in 1952-1953.[16]
Imprisonment
editOkarvi was arrested for his persecution of the Ahmadiyya Muslim community. He remained in Montgomery prison for 10 months. During this period of imprisonment, his first two sons, Muneer Ahmad (3 years old) and Tanveer Ahmad (1+1⁄4 years old), died within a week.[17]
Assassination attempt
editOn 16 October 1962 in Khadda Market, Karachi, an assassination attempt was made on Okarvi during one of his speeches.[18][19] He received wounds on his neck, shoulders, head and upper back. Okarvi stayed under treatment in the hospital for two and a half months. While giving his statement to the police officer Okarvi said:
- "I have no personal grudge with anyone. Nor I am a criminal. If I did any crime it is only this that I preach the religion of Islam and do praise and glorification of Saiyyid-ul-'Aalameen (Master of the entire Universes'), Muhsin-e-Insaaniyat (Benefactor of the humanity), Huzoor Rahmat-ul-lil Aalameen (Mercy of the Universes) (Sallal Laahu 'Alaiehi Wa Sallam). I do not want to take any revenge from anyone and nor do I want anything to be done against the attackers. My blood has been shed unnecessarily. My Allaah, Rabb-e-Kareem accepts this and makes this mediation for my salvation. I forgive the attackers. Whereas, for establishing peace, you people do what is appropriate so that this kind of incident does not take place again."[20]
He did not appoint a lawyer for this case or follow any hearings. On recovery he occupied himself in preaching Islam and delivered his very first lecture at the same place where the attempted assassination happened.
Death and legacy
editIn 1974, Okarvi had a heart attack. In 1975, he had another heart attack and came to Karachi, where he received cardiac treatment for six weeks. On 20 April 1984, he delivered his last speech at the congregation of Jum'ah Salaat at Jaame Masjid Gulzar-e-Habeeb. That evening, Okarvi had a third heart attack and was admitted to the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases. After three days, on 24 April 1984, he died at the age of 54.[21]
Awards and recognition
editOn 23 March 1985, President Zia-ul-Haq awarded the Sitara-e-Imtiaz (Star of Excellence) to Okarvi due to his contributions and religious services in Pakistan.[1] In 2013, he was posthumously awarded the Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust Gold Medal by Chief Minister Shahbaz Sharif as a Pakistan Movement activist.[22]
References
edit- ^ a b "Profile of Muhammad Shafee Okarvi". SCRIBD.com website. Archived from the original on 1 September 2021. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
- ^ a b Zuleikha Ismail (14 August 1976). "10 000 members for new body". The Natal Mercury.
- ^ a b Okarvi, Kaukab Noorani (1996). Deoband to Bareilly: The Truth. pp. 5 and 6. Archived from the original on 10 February 2024. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
- ^ "Hazrat Allamah Muhammad Shafee Okarvi (Rehmatullahi Aleih)". OkarviSpeeches.com. Archived from the original on 6 October 2012. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
- ^ [Rana Muhammad Alam article]
- ^ Maatak Moti Laal (Sindhi Book)
- ^ Majaalis e Ulamaa
- ^ a b [Aqeel Ahmad (2013), "Maulana Muhammad Shafee Okarvi ki Ilmi Deeni Khidmaat Tahqiqi Jaa'iza thesis". Karachi University Press. p188].
- ^ [Aqeel, Ahmad (2013); Thesis. "Maulana Muhammad Shafee Okarvi ki Ilmi Deeni Khidmaat Tahqiqi Jaa'iza thesis" Karachi University Press. p197].
- ^ (Umer Jamshaid) Arrangements For Annual Urs Of Maulana Shafi Okarvi Finalized Archived 1 September 2021 at the Wayback Machine UrduPoint.com website, Retrieved 1 September 2021
- ^ [Article by Mufti Ghulaam Sarwar]
- ^ [ Article by Muhammad Hasan Qaadiri, page 3] Video cassettes of his speeches are also widely distributed internationally
- ^ a b [ Article by Rana Muhammad Alam]
- ^ [Newspaper Ref : The Natal Mercury-Dated 14 August 1976]
- ^ Maulana Muhammad Shafi Okarvi on National Assembly of Pakistan website Archived 1 September 2021 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 1 September 2021
- ^ [2,6, Article by Shaiekh Muhammad Lateef] 6-
- ^ [6, Articles by Shaiekh Muhammad Lateef and Rana Muahmmad Alam] 6-
- ^ "Okarvi Stabbed". Daily News. 17 October 1962.
- ^ Muhammad Ali Siddiqi (19 December 2018). "Daily News memories (Shafi Okarvi knifed in 1962)". Dawn (newspaper). Archived from the original on 2 September 2021. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
- ^ "Muhammad Shafee Okarvi profile". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
- ^ [Newspaper Ref: Daily Jang Urdu, 25 April 1984]
- ^ Recipients of gold medals at Aiwan The Nation (newspaper), Published 19 December 2013, Retrieved 4 September 2021