Mauro Scoccimarro (30 October 1895 – 2 January 1972) was an Italian economist and communist politician. He was one of the founders of the Italian Communist Party and served as the minister of finance between 1945 and 1947.[1]
Mauro Scoccimarro | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office December 1945 – January 1947 | |
| Prime Minister | Alcide De Gasperi |
| Preceded by | Himself |
| Succeeded by | Pietro Campilli |
| In office June 1945 – December 1945 | |
| Prime Minister | Ferruccio Parri |
| Preceded by | Antonio Pesenti |
| Minister of Occupied Italy | |
| In office 12 December 1945 – 21 June 1946 | |
| Prime Minister | Ivanoe Bonomi |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 30 October 1895 Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Kingdom of Italy |
| Died | 2 January 1972 (aged 76) Rome, Italian Republic |
| Political party | Italian Communist Party |
| Alma mater | Ca' Foscari University of Venice |
Early life and education
editScoccimarro was born in Udine on 30 October 1895.[2][3] His father was of Apulian origin and an employee of the railways.[4]
Scoccimarro graduated from Zanon Technical Institute in Udine in October 1913.[4] He attended Ca' Foscari University of Venice and graduated with a bachelor's degree in economics and political science in 1922.[2] He was involved in World War I and joined socialist party in 1917, but following the party congress in Livorno in 1921 he left the party to establish the Communist Party.[1][5]
Career
editScoccimarro was among the Italian members of the fourth Comintern meeting held in 1922.[5] In 1923 he was made a member of the Communist Party's secretariat together with Antonio Gramsci and Palmiro Togliatti.[1] The same year the party leader Amadeo Bordiga was arrested, and the Comintern Executive Committee assigned a group of party members to lead the party, including Scoccimarro, Palmiro Togliatti, Egidio Gennari, Angelo Tasca and Umberto Terracini.[6] In the party Scoccimarro was part of the faction led by Antonio Gramsci.[7]
Scoccimarro was arrested by the Fascists in 1926 and was sentenced to 21 years in prison.[1] He was released from the prison in 1937, but sent to the Island of Ponza, and then to the Island of Ventotene where he lived under police surveillance until July 1943 when the rule of Benito Mussolini, fascist leader of Italy, was toppled.[1] Following the liberation of Rome in June 1944 Scoccimarro acted as high commissioner for the expulsion of fascists and was the minister of occupied Italy.[1][8][9] In the latter capacity he found an opportunity to strengthen the positions of Italian communists in the northern regions of Italy.[8]
Scoccimarro's next post was minister of finance which he held between June and December 1945 in the cabinet of Ferruccio Parri and then, between December 1945 and January 1947 in the second cabinet of Alcide De Gasperi.[10] Scoccimarro was elected as a senator in 1948 and served there until 1972.[1] He also served in different posts in the Communist Party. As of 1966 he was the president of the central control committee.[11] In addition, he was vice president of the Senate from 1958 to 1972.[2]
Death
editScoccimarro died in Rome on 2 January 1972.[2]
Views and works
editScoccimarro was part of the Stalinist faction in the Communist Party in the early 1960s.[12]
Scoccimarro was author of the following books in addition to his other writings:
- La Costituente e il rinnovamento nazionale, 1946
- Dottrina marxista e politica comunista, 1946
- Su alcuni aspetti del nostro programma, 1946
- Il secondo dopoguerra, 2 Bände, 1956
- Nuova democrazia, 1958
- Ideologia e politica, 1960
- La crisi in Alto Adige, Roma, Editori Riuniti, 1960.
- Antonio Gramsci, in Trent'anni di storia italiana, 1915-1945. Dall'antifascismo alla Resistenza, Torino, Einaudi, 1961.
- Ideologia marxista e programmazione economica, Roma, Editori Riuniti, 1965.
- Il rinnovamento e il rafforzamento del partito, Roma, Editori Riuniti, 1966.
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g "Mauro Scoccimarro Dies at 76; A Shaper of Italian Communism". The New York Times. Rome. 3 June 1972. p. 31. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
- ^ a b c d "Mauro Scoccimarro" (in Italian). ANPI. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
- ^ Guido Samarani (2018). "History and Memory: Italian Communists' Views of the Chinese Communist Party and the prc During the Early Cold War". In Janick Marina Schaufelbuehl; Marco Wyss; Valeria Zanier (eds.). Europe and China in the Cold War. Leiden; Boston, MA: Brill. pp. 134–150. doi:10.1163/9789004388123_008. ISBN 978-90-04-38559-7. S2CID 159022732.
- ^ a b "Scoccimarro Mauro (1895-1972)" (in Italian). Biographical Dictionary of Friulani. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
- ^ a b John Riddell, ed. (2015). To the Masses. Proceedings of the Third Congress of the Communist International, 1921. Vol. 91. Leiden; Boston: Brill. p. 1250. doi:10.1163/9789004288034_038. ISBN 9789004288034.
- ^ Lelio La Porta (June 2018). "May 1922-November 1923, Davide Bidussa, Francesco Giasi and Maria Luisa Righi". International Gramsci Journal. 2 (4): 165.
- ^ Fulvio Bellini (1956). "The Italian CP: Part I: The Transformation of a Party, 1921-1945". Problems of Communism. 36: 39.
- ^ a b Norman Kogan (June 1953). "The Italian Action Party and the Institutional Question". The Western Political Quarterly. 6 (2): 293. doi:10.2307/442162. JSTOR 442162.
- ^ Stanislao G. Pugliese (1997). "Death in Exile: The Assassination of Carlo Rosselli". Journal of Contemporary History. 32 (3): 315. doi:10.1177/002200949703200302. S2CID 154546885.
- ^ Martinez Oliva; Juan Carlos (2007). "The Italian Stabilization of 1947: Domestic and International Factors". Institute of European Studies: 17.
- ^ Translations on International Communist Developments. Washington, DC: U.S. Joint Publications Research Service. 1966. p. 3-PA59.
- ^ "Italy: Grey-Flannel Communism". Time Magazine. 16 February 1962. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
External links
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Media related to Mauro Scoccimarro at Wikimedia Commons
