Wikipedia

Mekteb-i Aşiret-i Humayun

Mekteb-i Aşiret-i Hümayun (Ottoman Turkish: مَكْتَبِ عشیرت همايون);Arabic: عشيرت مكتبي, Imperial Tribal School)[1][2][3][4] or Aşiret Mektebi (Arabic: عشيرة مكتبي)[5][6][7][8] was an Istanbul school founded in 1892 by Abdulhamid II to promote the integration of tribes into the Ottoman Empire through education.[9][10][11][12] Abdulhamid's main assistant in this endeavor was Abdullah bin Abdullah Al Saud, known as Abdullah Pasha Al Saud.[13]

Picture of the Imperial Tribal School (Ottoman Turkish: مَكْتَبِ عشیرت همايون) from 1892 or 1893

The curriculum was heavily biased towards the teaching of religion,[14] and it also had a strong emphasis on students learning the Ottoman Turkish language.[9]

After graduation, students were expected to continue education at Mekteb-i Sultani (Imperial High School) and then at Mekteb-i Mülkiye (School of Civil Administration), in order to be able to serve the empire in their native region.[9]

Initially only the sons of the Arab sheikhs and notables were permitted to enroll, however after petitioning by Albanian notables, in 1902 an imperial decree resulted in the enrollment of twenty students from the Albanian cities of Debar, Elbasan, and Yanya. Later Kurds were permitted to enroll also.[9]

The school was closed in 1907.[9]

References

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  1. ^ "الى ذكرى رائدي الصحافة والطباعة في كوردستان". kurdistanabinxete.com (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 2008-11-20. Retrieved 2016-03-03.
  2. ^ "العراق... أية تربية وأي تعليم!". alittihad.ae. Archived from the original on 2016-03-08. Retrieved 2016-03-03.
  3. ^ "Turki Usmani di Mata Jawa". jejakislam.net (in Indonesian). April 21, 2016. Archived from the original on July 11, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  4. ^ "Hubungan Aceh dan Turki Usmani". suaradarussalam.com (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 2016-08-04. Retrieved 2016-05-29.
  5. ^ نافع، بشير م (2006). العراق: سياقات الوحدة والانقسام. دار الشروق،. ISBN 9789770915417. Archived from the original on 2022-02-20. Retrieved 2016-03-03.
  6. ^ Max Oppenheim (Freiherr von); جلاصي، عبد الكريم (2002). من البحر المتوسط الى الخليج. ديوان رئيس الدولة، مركز الوثائق والبحوث،. ISBN 9789948050032. Archived from the original on 2022-02-20. Retrieved 2016-03-03.
  7. ^ "الثورة السورية الوطنية". aljazeera.net. Archived from the original on 2018-07-05. Retrieved 2016-03-03.
  8. ^ أحمد العريفي‏ [@AOraifi] (7 January 2016). "طالبان عربيان في مدرسة العشائر «عشيرة مكتبي» . إسطنبول 1892 م . أرشيف مكتبة الكونجرس " (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  9. ^ a b c d e George Walter Gawrych (2006). The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913. I.B.Tauris. p. 95. ISBN 1845112873.
  10. ^ Jørgen S. Nielsen (2011). Religion, Ethnicity and Contested Nationhood in the Former Ottoman Space. BRILL. pp. 124–. ISBN 978-90-04-21657-0. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  11. ^ Eugene L. Rogan (2002). Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire: Transjordan, 1850–1921. Cambridge University Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-521-89223-0. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  12. ^ Gökhan Çetinsaya (2006). The Ottoman Administration of Iraq, 1890–1908. Routledge. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-134-29495-4. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  13. ^ Eugene L. Rogan (1996). "Aşiret Mektebi: Abdülhamid II's School for Tribes (1892–1907)". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 28 (1): 85. doi:10.1017/s0020743800062796. JSTOR 176116.
  14. ^ Joel S. Migdal (2004). Boundaries and Belonging: States and Societies in the Struggle to Shape Identities and Local Practices. Cambridge University Press. p. 46. ISBN 0521835666.
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