Mendosoma lineatum, the telescope fish, real bastard trumpeter or common trumpeter, is a species of marine ray finned fish belonging to the family Latridae, the trumpeters. It is native to the subantarctic and cooler temperate waters of the Southern Ocean. It inhabits tide pools and surge channels and has been found living inside such invertebrates as salps. It occurs from near the surface to a depth of about 20 metres (66 ft). This species can reach a length of 40 centimetres (16 in) TL. This species was thought to be the only known member of its genus.
| Mendosoma lineatum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Real bastard trumpeter (Mendosoma lineatum) at The Sisters, Tasman Peninsula | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Centrarchiformes |
| Family: | Latridae |
| Genus: | Mendosoma |
| Species: | M. lineatum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Mendosoma lineatum Guichenot, 1848
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Taxonomy
editMendosoma lineatum was first formally described in 1848 by the French zoologist Alphonse Guichenot with the type locality given as Valparaiso Bay in Chile.[2] Guichenot named a new genus for his new species and this species was subsequently designated as the type species of the genus Mendosoma,[3] as Guichenot had placed three species in his new genus. The specific name lineatum means " lined", a reference to the green horizontal lines on back and flanks.[4]
Description
editMendosoma lineatum has an elongate and compressed body, the depth of the body fits into its standard length 2.7-4.3 times. Larger specimens, with a standard length in excess of 10 cm (3.9 in). may have a hump behind the head. They have a pointed snout[5] with a small, highly protrusible mouth with one row of small conical teeth in the upper jaw and no teeth in the lower jaw or on the roof of the mouth.[6] The dorsal fin has 22-25 spines and 23-27 soft rays while the anal fin contains 3 spines and 17-21 soft rays. This species grows to a maximum total length of 40 cm (16 in).[1] The overall colour is dark bluish-green fading to silvery on the belly.[5] There are rows of brown spots creating thin stripes along the flanks, becoming more reticulated in pattern on the back.[7]
Distribution and habitat
editMendosoma lineatum is found in the subantarctic and temperate waters of the Southern Ocean around New Zealand, Chile and Tasmania, as well as Gough Island in the South Atlantic, and Île Saint-Paul and Amsterdam Island in the southern Indian Ocean.[6] This species is found on rocky reefs, frequently where there are surge channels, in tidal pools and off steep drop offs.[5]
Biology
editMendosoma lineatum aggregates in large, fast moving schools. They use their protrusible mouths to feed on plankton above the substrate.[5] They may live within the soft tissues of some invertebrates such as salps.[1] It has been recorded as prey for Northern rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes (chrysocome) moseleyi) and snoek (Thyrsites atun).[6]
References
edit- ^ a b c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Mendosoma lineatum". FishBase. June 2021 version.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Mendosoma". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Latridae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
- ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (25 February 2021). "Order Centrarchiformes: Families Centrarchidae, Elassomatidae, Eoplosidae, Sinipercidae, Aplodactylidae, Cheilodactylidae, Chironemidae, Cirrhitidae, Latridae, Percichthydiae, Dichistitidae, Girellidae, Kuhliidae, Kyphosidae, Oplegnathidae, Terapontidae, Microcanthidae, and Scorpididae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
- ^ a b c d Bray, D.J. (2021). "Mendosoma lineatum". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
- ^ a b c O. Gon & P. Heemstra (1987). "Mendosoma lineatum Guichenot 1848, first record in the Atlantic Ocean, with a re-evaluation of the taxonomic status of other species of the genus Mendosoma (Pisces, Latridae)". 11 (2): 183–193.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Mendosoma lineatum". Reef Life Survey. Retrieved 13 August 2021.