Milivoje Anđelković (Serbian: Миливоје Анђелковић – Кајафа), better known by his nickname Kajafas, was a Serbian colonel during the early 20th-century. He participated with his unit in the May Coup. During the First Balkan War in 1912, he commanded the Javorski Brigade and during the Second Balkan War, he was the commander of the Osogovo detachment and the Masuric column. From the beginning of World War I until the Great Retreat, he commanded the Danube Division. In 1914, he was the main commander during the defense of Belgrade during the Srem Offensive and at the Battle of Mačkova Kamen. He especially stood out in the pursuit of the enemy after the Battle of Kolubara. After the reorganization of the Royal Serbian Army at Corfu, he was again the commander of the Danube Division but would retire in 1917.
Milivoje Anđelković Миливоје Анђелковић | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 20 June 1868 Belgrade, Serbia |
| Died | 6 February 1940 (aged 71) Belgrade, Belgrade City Administration, Yugoslavia |
| Allegiance |  Serbia |
| Branch |  Royal Serbian Army |
| Years of service | 1897–1917 |
| Rank |  Pukovnik |
| Battles / wars | May Coup First Balkan War Second Balkan War |
Balkan Wars
editMilivoje was born at Belgrade in 1868 and he graduated from all military schools that could be attended in the then Kingdom of Serbia. From 1897 to 1902, he was the head of the cadets of the Military Command.[1] Then, as a lecturer, he also met Dragutin Dimitrijević. He participated in the May Coup as his role in the plot was to open an entrance to the palace as it was protected by the battalion of the Seventh Infantry Regiment commanded by Anđelković, already known by the nickname Kajafas.[2]
He earned the nickname Kajafas as despite being a very young officer, he drove order and discipline down to the smallest detail by torturing others, but not even sparing himself. He commanded the Jawor Brigade in the First Balkan War against the Turks in 1912, consisting of 37,400 men and 144 cannons towards the Raška region.[3] He was able to go deep into the rear of the enemy, liberating Sjenica, Prijepolje and Pljevlja in a rapid pace while being far from the main Serbian forces and acting completely independently.[4] The Bulgarians also remembered him a year later upon the outbreak of the Second Balkan War. In the Battle at Govedarnik on 21 and 22 July, he took three positions with a bayonet charge that were defended by a much more numerous and better armed Bulgarian force.[2]
World War I
editAnđelković began playing a major role within the Royal Serbian Army upon the outbreak of World War I. The Supreme Command with the absence of its chief, Duke Radomir Putnik, decided to leave the fate of Belgrade to Andjelković. He immediately decided that Belgrade must be defended at the cost of being completely destroyed. He would thus begin defending it, even with the help of third-party volunteers, until the order came that it was necessary to retreat from the city. During the Battle of Mačkova Kamen from 19 to 22 September 1914, entered the textbooks of heroism. Here too, Kajafas was often stubbornly ahead of the rest of the Serbian forces.[2][5]
His participation in the Battle of Kolubara was exceptional level. A rather serious anger of his superiors towards Colonel Anđelković originated from the time before the fatal attack. This was due to Anđelković taking prince regent Aleksandar Karađorđević to the front lines where he could've been wounded or killed. Neither scenario would occur while the Prince Regent was there but it would be the first time that Kajafas would experience the political interference with the Army. Due to one failure in the 1915 Serbian campaign which resulted in heavy losses, he was accused of incompetence and despite lacking correct information about the numerical state of the Bulgarian forces, he would retired on 20 July 1917.[2][4][5]
Post-War Life
edit
The humiliation of a soldier of a special kind who was prematurely driven from the battlefield wouldn't conclude even as the War concluded. The former military teacher of princes Đorđe and Aleksandar would have both of them address him as Bata Mika out of respect in 1925. it was even on the front pages of the capital's newspapers. This way: "The search at Mr. M. Anđelković... Apart from the personal belongings of Mr. Anđelković, two chests belonging to Đorđe Kraljević were also found in his apartment. The chests were locked and sealed...".[2]
In addition, according to newspapers at the time, Anđelković was also accused of "communist propaganda" which seriously undermined the honor and reputation of the retired colonel among the world. Namely, it was the time when King Aleksandar needed to place his older brother Đorđe, the heir to the throne by birth priority in a sanatorium near Niš and as far away from the throne as possible. It was common knowledge that Prince Đorđe and Colonel Anđelković were great friends and that before the prince's sending to the sanatorium and the search of the retired officer's house, they planned to travel together to Switzerland and through Thessaloniki, to once again visit the grave of Dragutin Dimitrijević.[2]
A few years after the liberation and just after the aforementioned newspaper raid, King Aleksandar sent his court marshal to the retired colonel with a message that he would like to stop by his place when he was passing through Smiljanićeva Street, where Kajafas lived. Reportedly, Aleksandar offered Anđelković the rank of general and all the privileges that belong to him with that rank since 1917. Kajafas replied briefly: "Greet His Majesty and tell him that he is master in his country and I, in my house." When the king passed through Smiljanićeva Street, the blinds in house number 30 were lowered, as they remained until Kajafas' death. Anđelković died on 6 February 1940.[2]
References
edit- ^ Ilić, Bogoljub; Bjelajac, Mile (1995). Memoari armijskog generala: 1898-1942 (in Serbian). Belgrade: Serbian Literary Guild. p. 47. ISBN 9788637905202. Retrieved June 22, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g Milatović, Petar (2014). "Лице које је нашло писца". Politikin Zabavnik (in Serbian). Retrieved June 23, 2023.
- ^ Gagričić, Dragoljub (October 23, 2022). "СЛОБОДА СВАНУЛА СА ЈАВОРА: Пре 110 година после дугог Турског ропства ослобођени Стари Влах и Полимље". Novosti. Retrieved June 23, 2023.
- ^ a b "АНЂЕЛКОВИЋ-КАЈАФА Миливоје 20. VI 1868 — 6. II 1940". Municipality Organisation Asscoation of Decendants [sic] Serbian Warriors 1912. – 1920. (in Serbian). Retrieved June 22, 2023.
- ^ a b "Анђелковић Миливоје Кајафа". Prvi svetski rat (in Serbian). Retrieved June 23, 2023.
Bibliography
edit- Encyclopedia of Yugoslavia. Vol. 1. Zagreb. 1980. p. 148.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Politikin Zabavnik. December 5, 2014.