Ridable miniature railway

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A ridable miniature railway (US: riding railroad or grand scale railroad) is a large scale, usually ground-level railway that hauls passengers using locomotives that are often models of full-sized railway locomotives (powered by diesel or petrol engines, live steam or electric motors).

Emerson Zooline Railroad's Chance Rides C.P. Huntington train in Saint Louis Zoo, one of hundreds of exact copies of this ride model in locations worldwide
Delicias station in Madrid, Spain

Overview

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Typically miniature railways have a rail track gauge between 5 in (127 mm) and under 15 in (381 mm), though both larger and smaller gauges are used.

At gauges of 5 in (127 mm) and less, the track is commonly raised above ground level. Flat cars are arranged with foot boards so that driver and passengers sit astride the track. The track is often multi-gauged, to accommodate 5 in (127 mm), 3+12 in (89 mm), and sometimes 2+12 in (64 mm) gauge locomotives.

The smaller gauges of miniature railway track can also be portable and is generally 3+12 in (89 mm)/5 in (127 mm) gauge on raised track or as 7+14 in (184 mm)/10+14 in (260 mm) on ground level. Typically portable track is used to carry passengers at temporary events such as fêtes and summer fairs.[1]

Typically miniature lines are operated by not for profit organisations - often model engineering societies - though some are entirely in private grounds and others operate commercially.

There are many national organisations representing and providing guidance on miniature railway operations including the Australian Association of Live Steamers and Southern Federation of Model Engineering Societies.

In the United Kingdom

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The first miniature railroads were built in the United Kingdom, as actual methods of transportation, such as the Jaywick railroad.

Railroads built in 19th century

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The Duffield Bank Railway was built by Sir Arthur Percival Heywood in the grounds of his house on a hillside overlooking Duffield, Derbyshire in 1874. Although the Ordnance Survey map circa 1880 does not show the railway itself, it does show two tunnels and two signal posts. However, the online map archive of the National Library of Scotland includes a map of 1914 from the 25 inches to the foot series (Derbyshire XLV.9) that shows the full extent of the railway. Sir Arthur wished to explore the possibilities of minimum gauge railways for mining, quarrying, agriculture etc. He believed that they would be relatively easy to build, and to move. He saw possibilities for military railways behind the lines carrying ammunition and supplies.

 
Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway

The original Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway was a 3 ft (914 mm) line opened on 24 May 1875 to transport hematite iron ore from three mines near and around the village of Boot to the Furness Railway standard gauge line at Ravenglass.[2][3] In the early 1880s, a tramway was built between Beckfoot and another mine at Gill Force.[4] Locals and railway enthusiasts formed Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway Preservation Society to save the line, with financial backing by Sir Wavell Wakefield, Member of Parliament (MP) for Marylebone and owner of the Ullswater Steamers. In September 1960, the society made the winning bid and saved the railway from closure. Control of the railway passed to a new private company, with the backing of the preservation society, an arrangement that is still in place. [5][6]

Railroads built in 20th century

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The Downs Light Railway is the world's oldest private miniature railway,[7] with a track gauge of 9+12 in (241 mm). The railway was built and opened in 1925 under the guidance of Geoffrey Hoyland (Headmaster) as a 7+14 in (184 mm) gauge railway, for the principal purpose of education. The railway is located within the grounds of The Downs Malvern, a private school in Colwall, near the town of Malvern, Worcestershire in the English Midlands. It is owned by the 'Downs Light Railway Trust. It is maintained and operated principally by the school children, aged between 7 and 13 years. It is part of the Heritage Railway Association membership.[8]

The Jaywick Miniature Railway was built by FC Stedman, who owned the Jaywick Sands Estate on the Essex coast just south of Clacton-on-Sea. This railroad was built in order to transpoirt indiviudal potential buyers to view the homes for sale. [9] It was built in 1935, by Miniature Railway & Specialists Engineering, of Terminus Road, Eastbourne.[9]

 
Stapleford Miniature Railway

Stapleford Miniature Railway is an historic steam locomotive-hauled 10+14 in (260 mm) gauge railway at Stapleford Park, Stapleford near Melton Mowbray in Leicestershire, England.[10] Considered one of the finest examples of its type,[citation needed] the railway is now private but still attracts thousands of visitors from the UK and abroad during its two public charity events each year.

Distinctions between model, miniature, and minimum-gauge railway

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This is a 4-4-0 live steam locomotive. Thought to be the oldest surviving 10¼" 'Garden Railway' Locomotive in the world. Built in Birmingham, 1900, by Grimshaw for Capt. Holder's Pitmaston Moor Green Railway.
 
A minimum-gauge locomotive Northern Rock on the Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway

A 'model railway' is one where the gauge is too small for people to ride on the trains. Due to the use of mixed gauge tracks, passengers may ride on a miniature railway which shares the same gauge as, and is pulled by, a large model locomotive on a smaller model gauge, although this is rare.

'Miniature railways' are railways that can be ridden by people and are used for pleasure/as a pastime for their constructors and passengers. In the US, miniature railways are also known as 'riding railroads' or 'grand scale railroads'. The track gauges recognised as being miniature railways vary by country, but in the UK the maximum gauge is 350 mm (13+2532 in).[11]

A 'minimum-gauge railway', which generally starts at 15 in (381 mm) gauge, is one that was originally conceived as a commercial railway with small gauge track, with a working function as an estate railway, an industrial railway, or a provider of public transport links, such as the Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway, Fairbourne Railway or the Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway.

In the UK, a gauge of 350 mm (13+2532 in) [or above] or crossing a carriageway are the criteria used by the Office of Rail and Road (ORR), at which a railway is no longer classed as miniature and is therefore subject to formal regulation: they may be minor railways and/or heritage railways; the concept of minimum gauge is not recognised for the purposes of regulation.

Gauge

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There are over 1,000 miniature railways open to the public around the world, not counting private railways, with 7+14 in (184 mm) gauge being by far the most numerous. Many layouts have dual-gauge track combing two, three or even more different gauges.

Miniature railways

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Name Gauge Country Location Notes
Great Northern & Cascade Railway   US Skykomish, Washington [12]
Burton upon Trent Model Engineering Society. Mixed gauges:

3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

  UK Burton upon Trent, Staffordshire Raised track: 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm)
Ground level: dual gauge 5 in (127 mm) and 7+14 in (184 mm)[13]
Canterbury Society of Model and Experimental Engineers Mixed gauges:
2+12 in (64 mm)
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  New Zealand Halswell Domain, Christchurch Canterbury Society of Model and Experimental Engineers.[14][15][16] Host of 2006 CANMOD International Convention.
West Wiltshire Society of Model Engineers Mixed gauges:

3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)

  UK Westbury, Wiltshire Primarily a Model Engineering society with regular open days for the public.
Kapiti Miniature Railway and Model Engineering Society Inc Mixed gauges:

2+12 in (64 mm)
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

  New Zealand Paraparaumu
Maidstone Model Engineering Society Mixed gauges:

2+12 in (64 mm)
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)

  New Zealand Maidstone Park
Upper Hutt
Nelson Society of Modellers Mixed gauges:
2+12 in (64 mm)
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
6+14 in (159 mm)[17]
7+14 in (184 mm)
  New Zealand Nelson
New Plymouth Society of Model and Experimental Engineers Mixed gauges:

2+12 in (64 mm)
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)

  New Zealand New Plymouth
Tauranga Model Marine and Engineering Clubs Mixed gauges:

2+12 in (64 mm)
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)

  New Zealand Tauranga
Wirral Model Engineers Society Mixed gauges:

2+12 in (64 mm)
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)[18]

  UK Royden Park, Wirral
Canberra Miniature Railway 3+12 in (89 mm)   Australia Canberra, Australia [19]
S.A.S.M.E.E. Park 3+12 in (89 mm)   Australia Adelaide, Australia [20]
Hamilton Model Engineers Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  New Zealand Minogue Park, Hamilton Founded 1931. At Minogue Park since 1983.[21]
Hawkes Bay Model Engineering Society Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
  New Zealand Napier
Hutt Valley Model Engineering Society Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  New Zealand Lower Hutt
Manukau Live Steamers Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  New Zealand Manukau
Abbeydale miniature railway Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Sheffield Raised track: triple 3+12 in (89 mm), 5 in (127 mm) and 7+14 in (184 mm)
Ground level: dual gauge 5 in (127 mm) and 7+14 in (184 mm) in[22]
Ashton Court Railway Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Bristol Raised track: 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm)
Ground level: dual gauge 5 in (127 mm) and 7+14 in (184 mm)[13]
Barton House Railway Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Wroxham, Norfolk
Bridgend Miniature Railway Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Bridgend [23]
Caldecotte Miniature Railway Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire Caldecotte Miniature Railway has a specially built disabled carriage.[24]
Canvey Railway and Model Engineering Club 3+12 in (89 mm)   UK Canvey Island, Essex Raised track dual gauge 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm)
Chelmsford City Miniature Railway Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Chelmsford Operated by Chelmsford Society of Model Engineers
Cinderbarrow Miniature Railway Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Yealand Redmayne, Lancashire [25]
Crowborough Miniature Railway 3+12 in (89 mm)   UK East Sussex [26] Raised track & Ground Track (formally) dual gauge 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm)
Cutteslowe Park Miniature Railway 3+12 in (89 mm)   UK Oxford, Oxfordshire [27]
Derwen Fawr Miniature Railway Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
  UK Swansea, Wales Operated by the Swansea Society of Model Engineers[28]

[29]

Keighley & District Model Engineering Society Marley Railway (KDMES) Mixed gauges:

3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)

 UK Keighley, West Yorkshire The KDMES trains[30] operate a 1,200 ft (370 m) scenic oval raised level track located at the Marley Activity Centre in Keighley.[31] The railway is open for public rides during the summer, and available for private functions[32] and corporate events.[33]
Leyland Society of Model Engineers 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm) on raised level, and 7+14 in (184 mm) ground level   UK Lancashire [34]
Maidstone Model Engineering Society 3+12 in (89 mm)   UK Mote Park, Maidstone, Kent [35]
Malden and District Society of Model Engineers Ltd Mixed Gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Thames Ditton, Surrey [36]
Mid Cheshire Society of Model Engineers Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Sandiway, Cheshire [37]
North London Society of Model Engineers (NLSME) 3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Hertfordshire [38]
Pembrey Miniature Railway Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Pembrey Country Park, Carmarthenshire [39]
Polegate & District Model Engineering Club (PADMEC) Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
  UK Polegate, East Sussex Raised track: dual gauge 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm)[40]
Ridgeway Park light railway 3+12 in (89 mm)   UK Chingford, London
Roxbourne Railway Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Roxbourne Park, Field End Rd, Ruislip HA4 9PB Operated by Harrow and Wembley Society of Model Engineers
Gilling Railway Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Gilling East, Yorkshire Operated by Ryedale Society of Model Engineers Limited.[41]
Spenborough Model & Experimental Engineers Ltd 3+12 in (89 mm)   UK Cleckheaton, West Yorkshire, BD19 5LL [42]
Staines Society of Model Engineers Mixed gauges:
2+12 in (64 mm)
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
  UK Staines Park, Staines, Surrey Raised track.[43][44]
Tonbridge Model Engineering Society 3+12 in (89 mm)   UK Kent
Tyneside Society of Model & Experimental Engineers Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK Exhibition Park, Newcastle upon Tyne [45]
Welling and District Model Engineering Society Mixed gauges:
3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
  United Kingdom Hall Place, Bexley Opening 2022.[46][47]
La Cañada Valley Railroad 4+34 in (121 mm)   US Flintridge, California Located at the home of Disney animator Ollie Johnston. Influenced the design of Walt Disney's Carolwood Pacific Railroad. Defunct.
Canberra Miniature Railway 5 in (127 mm)   Australia Canberra [19]
Hornsby Model Engineers, Galston, NSW 5 in (127 mm)   Australia Galston, New South Wales 5 in (127 mm)[48]
Illawarra Live Steamers 5 in (127 mm)   Australia North Wollongong The ground level track is 5 in (127 mm). The elevated track is 5 in (127 mm), 3+12 in (89 mm) and 2+12 in (64 mm). There is also a garden gauge track inside the elevated track.[49]
Northern Districts Model Engineering Society 5 in (127 mm)   Australia Balcatta, Western Australia 2+12 in (64 mm), 3+12 in (89 mm), 5 in (127 mm) and 7+14 in (184 mm)
Portarlington Miniature Railway 5 in (127 mm)   Australia Victoria 5 in (127 mm) and 7+14 in (184 mm)[50]
S.A.S.M.E.E. Park 5 in (127 mm)   Australia Adelaide [51]
Sydney Live Steam Locomotive Society 5 in (127 mm)   Australia West Ryde, New South Wales 5 in / 127 mm and 89 mm / 3+12 in and 64 mm / 2+12 in[52]
Willans Hill Miniature Railway 5 in (127 mm)   Australia Wagga Wagga, NSW Located in Wagga Wagga Botanic Gardens.[53] Includes spiral based on Bethungra Spiral.
Petit Train à Vapeur de Forest Mixed gauges:
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  Belgium Brussels [54]
Stoomgroep Turnhout 5 in (127 mm)   Belgium Turnhout 5 in (127 mm) ground track[55]
Mini train des marais Mixed gauge:

5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

  France Saint-Lô [56]
Petit train des Templiers Mixed gauge:

5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

  France Épinay-sur-Orge Two circuits of 350 meters in 5 in (127 mm) and 7+14 in (184 mm). Nine electric locomotives and diesel. Mainly French locomotives. Open some Sundays from March to November.[57]
Anyoji Garden Railway 5 in (127 mm)   Japan Toyoura, Yamaguchi, Shimonoseki City 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm)[58]
Hakuba Mini Train Park 5 in (127 mm)   Japan Hakuba, Nagano [59]
Ichikawa Live Steamers 5 in (127 mm)   Japan Ichikawa, Chiba, Tokyo [59]
Sakuragi Railway 5 in (127 mm)   Japan Kumamoto City, Kumamoto 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm)
Hitoyoshi Live Steam Club 5 in (127 mm)   Japan Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto Mixed gauges:

3+12 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

Stoomgroep West Zuiderpark 5 in (127 mm)   Netherlands The Hague 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm) mixed raised oval.[55]
Eastern Bay of Plenty Model Engineering Society Mixed gauges:

5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

  New Zealand Whakatane
Havelock North and Live Steamers Associated Mixed gauges:

5 in (127 mm)

  New Zealand Havelock North, Hastings
Hawkes Bay Model Engineering Society 5 in (127 mm)   New Zealand Anderson Park, Napier 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm)
Palmerston North Model Engineering Club Inc Mixed gauges:

5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

  New Zealand Palmerston North
Thames Small Gauge Railway Society Mixed gauges:

5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

  New Zealand Thames Started in 1995[60] with a station on the site of the Grahamstown station of the Thames Branch.[61]
Whangarei Model Engineering Club Mixed gauges:

5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

  New Zealand Whangarei
Ferrocarril de las Delicias[62] 5 in (127 mm)   Spain Madrid Located inside Madrid's Railway Museum[63]
Swiss Vapeur Parc 5 in (127 mm)   Switzerland Le Bouveret Dual gauge: 7+14 in / 184 mm and 5 in / 127 mm.[64]
Beech Hurst Park Miniature Railway 5 in (127 mm)   UK Haywards Heath, West Sussex Raised track dual 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm)[65]
Bushey Miniature Railway 5 in (127 mm)
  UK Hertfordshire A 5 in (127 mm) gauge miniature railway in Bushey, Herts consisting of 230 ft or 70 m ground level track with various sidings and two bridges. A private railway, but viewing and rides are available by appointment.[66]
Canvey Railway and Model Engineering Club 5 in (127 mm)   UK Canvey Island, Essex Raised track dual gauge 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm)
Copsewood Miniature Railway 5 in (127 mm)   UK Copsewood Sports Ground, Binley, Coventry Also 3+12 in (89 mm) & 7+14 in (184 mm) gauges[67][68]
Cutteslowe Park Miniature Railway 5 in (127 mm)   UK Oxford, Oxfordshire Raised & ground level[27]
Dampf-Bahn-Club Sprockhövel Mixed gauges:
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  GER Sprockhövel-Haßlinghausen Includes steel bridge with underpass [69]
East Grinstead Model Engineering Society 5 in (127 mm)   UK East Grinstead, West Sussex Portable ground level[1]
Eaton Park Miniature Railway 5 in (127 mm)   UK Norwich Two lines, one 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm) gauge track, one mixed 5 in (127 mm) and 7+14 in (184 mm) inch gauge
Leyland Society of Model Engineers 5 in (127 mm)   UK Lancashire [34]
Maidstone Model Engineering Society 5 in (127 mm)   UK Mote Park, Maidstone, Kent [35]
Mount Edgcumbe House Railway 5 in (127 mm)   UK Mount Edgcumbe House, Cremyll, Cornwall [70]
Ribble Valley Live Steamers 5 in (127 mm)   UK Clitheroe, Lancashire Also 2+12 in (64 mm) & 3+12 in (89 mm) gauges[71]
Ridgeway Park light railway 5 in (127 mm)   UK Chingford, London
Riverside Miniature Railway Mixed gauges:
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  UK St Neots, Cambridgeshire [72]
Ryton Pools Miniature Railway 5 in (127 mm)   UK Ryton Pools Country Park Coventry Model Engineering Society. Also 3+12 in (89 mm) gauge.
Spenborough Model & Experimental Engineers Ltd 5 in (127 mm)   UK Cleckheaton, West Yorkshire BD19 5LL [42]
Wimbourne District Society of Model Engineers 5 in (127 mm)   UK Dorset 5 in (127 mm) and a short raised level | 3+12 in (89 mm) and | 2+12 in (64 mm) track
Modelbouwvereniging Hoekse Waard Mixed Gauges:
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)
  Netherlands Barendrecht, Zuid-Holland [73]
Altona Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Australia Victoria 5 in / 127 mm and 7+14 in / 184 mm[74]
Box Hill Miniature Steam Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Australia Victoria 5 in / 127 mm and 7+14 in / 184 mm[75]
Campbelltown Miniature Passenger Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Australia Victoria
Castledare Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Australia Wilson, Western Australia
Cohunu Park Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Australia Byford, Western Australia
Diamond Valley Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Australia Eltham Victoria 7+14 in / 184 mm[76]
Canberra Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Australia Canberra [19]
MVRail 7+14 in (184 mm)   Australia Morphett Vale Railway, Morphett vale, Weatsheaf Rd, South Australia [77]
Penwood Railroad Inc.   Australia Jaspers Brush, NSW [78]
Portarlington Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Australia Victoria 5 in (127 mm) and 7+14 in (184 mm)[50]
S.A.S.M.E.E. Park 7+14 in (184 mm)   Australia Adelaide [51]
Willans Hill Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Australia Wagga Wagga, NSW [53]
Stoomgroep Turnhout vzw 7+14 in (184 mm)   Belgium Turnhout [79]
Golden Horseshoe Live Steamers 7+14 in (184 mm)   Canada Hamilton, Ontario [80]
Roundhouse Park Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Canada Toronto Two locomotives (replica steam with tender and diesel-electric), four passenger cars and one caboose
Nábřeží paromilů dětská železnice 7+14 in (184 mm)   Czech Hradec Králové, Bohemia 7+14 in / 184 mm and 5 in / 127 mm dual gauge[81]
S.M.P.D. Parková dráha Olympia 7+14 in (184 mm)   Czech Brno, Moravia 7+14 in (184 mm) + 5 in (127 mm) dual gauge
Finnish Railway Museum 7+14 in (184 mm)   Finland Hyvinkää
Petit train de grenade 7+14 in (184 mm)   France Grenade 7 14 in (184 mm)[82]
Parkbahn Schmiden 7+14 in (184 mm)   Germany Fellbach
Hungarian Railway Museum 7+14 in (184 mm)   Hungary Budapest
John F. Kennedy Arboretum 7+14 in (184 mm)   Ireland Wexford [83]
Akubi Lightweight Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Japan Previously located in Bentengaoka[84]
Matsudayama Herb Garden 7+14 in (184 mm)   Japan Matsuda, Kanagawa Includes 1/6 scale Romancecar (Odakyu 10000 series HiSE) replica[85]
Lankelz Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   Luxembourg Esch-sur-Alzette, south-eastern Luxembourg [86]
Stoomgroep West Zuiderpark Ground level gauges:

7+14 in (184 mm) Mixed raised gauges: 3+12 in (89 mm) 5 in (127 mm)

  Netherlands The Hague A sizeable network in "Zuiderpark", a big city park[55] since 1975 in The Hague. The total length of the 7 1/4" gauge mainline routes combined is estimated at about 5 kilometers. Most of the track has working railway signalling, operated by signal boxes and a working full scale railroad crossing where the 7 1/4" tracks cross multiple (busy) public roads. The 3+12 in (89 mm) and 5 in (127 mm) gauges are mixed on a raised oval track.[55]
Cambridge Model Engineering Society Inc 7+14 in (184 mm)   New Zealand Cambridge
Kapiti Miniature Railway & Associates 7+14 in (184 mm)   New Zealand Raumati Marine Gardens, Raumati Beach 5 in / 127 mm and 7+14 in / 184 mm) dual gauge
Keirunga Park Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   New Zealand Havelock North [87]
Mana Ariki Railway Inc 7+14 in (184 mm)   New Zealand Taumaranui
Featherston Miniature Fell Society 7+14 in (184 mm)   New Zealand Featherston, Wairarapa
Pully 7+14 in (184 mm)   Switzerland [88]
Stainer Liliputbahn AG 7+14 in (184 mm)   Switzerland Stein am Rhein [89]
Swiss Vapeur Parc 7+14 in (184 mm)   Switzerland Le Bouveret Dual gauge: 7+14 in / 184 mm and 5 in / 127 mm[64]
There and Back Light Railway[90] 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK East Midlands This railway is entirely portable and can be set up almost anywhere flat. Can be seen at events across the country and uses a Bagnall steam locomotive on a 450 ft (137.2 m) ground level track.
Acton Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Acton London Transport Museum Depot, London [91]
Alexandra Park Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Alexandra Park, Hastings
Millerbeck Light Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Staveley-in-Cartmel, Cumbria Opened in 1985, privately owned, while opened to the public[92]
Barking Park Light Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Re-opened Easter 2009.[93]
Barnards Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK
Barton House Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Wroxham, Norfolk
Beamish Cog Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Beamish Museum, Durham
Beer Heights Light Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Devon
Bekonscot Light Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Buckinghamshire [94]
Bentley Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK [95]
Bents Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Warrington 1982–88[96]
Brockwell Park Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK South London 1951–1961 & 2003–present[97]
Brookside Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Poynton 1988–99;[96] closed[98] Now running again under new management.
Canvey Railway and Model Engineering Club 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Canvey Island, Essex Ground level
Coate Water Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Coate Water Country Park, Swindon Combined 7+14 in / 184 mm and 5 in / 127 mm
Conwy Valley Railway Museum Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Wales
Cutteslowe Park 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Oxford, Oxfordshire [27]
Danson Park 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Bexleyheath 1946–1948[99]
Dobwalls Forest Railroad 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Cornwall Closed
Dragon Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Marple, Greater Manchester [96]
Eastbourne Miniature Steam Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK East Sussex [100]
East Herts Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Great Amwell near Ware, Hertfordshire [101]
Echills Wood Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Kingsbury Water Park, Warwickshire [102]
Fancott Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Bedfordshire [103]
Foxfield Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Stoke-on-Trent [104]
Frimley Lodge Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK [105]
Great Cockcrow Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK [106]
Grosvenor Park Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Chester [107]
Guildford Model Engineering Society 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Surrey [108]
Halton Miniature Railway Society 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Runcorn, Cheshire [109]
High Legh Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK High Legh Garden Centre, Cheshire [110]
Hollycombe Garden Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Iron Hill, Liphook, Hampshire [111]
Ilford & West Essex Model Railway Club 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Chadwell Heath [112]
Leyland Society of Model Engineers 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Lancashire [34]
Little Orchard Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Suffolk [113]
Little Western Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Newquay, Cornwall [114]
Lodge Farm Park Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Romford
Mid Cheshire Society of Model Engineers 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Sandiway, Cheshire [37]
Fenn Bell Inn Zoo 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK St. Mary Hoo, Kent [115]
Mizens Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Woking, Surrey [116]
Moors Valley Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Dorset [117]
Mortocombe Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Chilton, Oxfordshire [118]
Museum of Power 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Langford, Essex
National Railway Museum 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK York
Ness Islands Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Inverness, Scotland
North London Society of Model Engineers (NLSME) 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK [38]
Parkland Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Hemsby, Norfolk
Pinewood Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Wokingham, Berkshire Combined 7+14 in (184 mm) and 5 in (127 mm)[119]
Plowman's Railroad 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Dorset
Porterswick Junction Light Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Hidden Valley Discovery Park, Cornwall [120]
Pugneys Light Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Wakefield [121]
Ridgeway Park light railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Chingford, London
Saltwood Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Kent [122]
Sanday Light Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Braeswick, Sanday, Orkney
Spenborough Model & Experimental Engineers Ltd 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Cleckheaton, West Yorkshire [42]
Strand Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Gillingham, Kent [123]
Swanley New Barn Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Kent
The Time Machine (Bosworth Line) 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Funtington, West Sussex po18-9dh
Thornes Park Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Wakefield, West Yorkshire
South Weber Railroad Club 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   USA South Weber, Utah, USA [124]
Thompson Park Railway 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   UK Burnley [125]
Wellington Country Park Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Berkshire [126][127]
Welsh Highland Heritage Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Porthmadog, Wales
Weston Park Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Shropshire [128]
Willen Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Milton Keynes
Willow Wood Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Stowupland, Suffolk
Woodseaves Miniature Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Shropshire [129][130]
Wolds Way Lavender Narrow Gauge Railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Wintringham, North Yorkshire Used to transport harvested lavender, logs and passengers
Wythall miniature railway 7+14 in (184 mm)   UK Worcestershire It has a multigauge track consisting of 7+14 in (184 mm), 5 inch and 3+12 in (89 mm) gauge track.[131]
Carolwood Pacific Railroad 7+14 in (184 mm)   US Holmby Hills, Los Angeles, California Located at the home of Walt Disney. Influenced the design of the Disneyland Railroad. Defunct.
Assiniboine Valley Railway 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   Canada Winnipeg, Manitoba
Burnaby Central Railway 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   Canada Burnaby, British Columbia [132]
Iron Horse Park Airdrie 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   Canada Airdrie, Alberta
Paradise Valley Railway 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   Canada Powell River, British Columbia [133]
Alaska Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Wasilla, Alaska
Annetta Valley & Western Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Annetta, Texas [134]
Adobe Mountain Desert Park 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Phoenix, Arizona
Carillon Park Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Carillon Historical Park, Dayton, Ohio [135][136]
Central Pasco & Gulf Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Crews Lake Wilderness Park, Shady Hills, Florida [137]
Colorado Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Byers, Colorado Primary gauge is 7 ½ in but also some 4 ¾ in on site [138]
Grand Concourse Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Shady Hills, Florida [139]
Great Lakes Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Royal Oak and Southgate, Michigan [140]
Hesston Steam Museum 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Hesston, Indiana [141]
Houston Area Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Hockley, Texas [142]
Illinois Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Chicago, Illinois [143]
Kitsap Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Port Orchard, Washington [144]
Lakes Park & Gulf Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Lakes Regional Park, Fort Myers, Florida [145]
Largo Central Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Largo Central Park, Largo, Florida [146]
Los Angeles Live Steamers Railroad Museum 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Los Angeles, California
North Georgia Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Conyers, Georgia [147]
Orange County Model Engineers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Costa Mesa, California [148]
Riverside Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Riverside, California [149]
Sacramento Valley Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Rancho Cordova, California 7+12 in (190.5 mm) gauge and 4+14 in (108 mm) gauge[150]
Sagebrush Short Line Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Ridgecrest, California [151]
Scottsdale Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US McCormick-Stillman Railroad Park, Scottsdale, Arizona
Sandy Ridge & Clear Lake Railway 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Battle Creek, Michigan
Shady Dell Pacific 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Pacific Northwest Live Steamers, Molalla, Oregon [152]
South Coast Railroad Museum 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Goleta Short Line, Goleta, California [153]
Southern California Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Wilson Park

Torrance, California

Adjacent to Wilson Park
Torrey Pacific Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Del Mar, California Private/defunct; owner died
Tradewinds & Atlantic Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Tradewinds Park, Coconut Creek, Florida [154]
Train Mountain Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Chiloquin, Oregon [155]
Triad Live Steamers 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Farmington and Harrisburg, North Carolina [156]
Wales West Light Railway 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Silverhill, Alabama [157]
White Creek Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US Michigan [158]
Willow Creek Railroad 7+12 in (190.5 mm)   US at Antique Powerland, Brooks, Oregon [159]
Holly Tree Railway 7+34 in (197 mm)   UK at the Holly Tree PH, Leytonstone, London [160]
Bankside Miniature Railway 8+14 in (210 mm)   UK Brambridge Park Garden Centre, Eastleigh, Hampshire [161]
Faversham Miniature Railway 9 in (229 mm)   UK Brogdale Farm, near Faversham, Kent
Torry Hill Park 9 in (229 mm)   UK Near Frinsted, Kent Private miniature railway
Becker Farm Railroad 9+716 in (240 mm)   US Roseland, New Jersey Defunct
Key Western Railroad 9+716 in (240 mm)   US Florida Defunct
Barking Park Miniature Railway 9+12 in (241 mm)   UK Barking, Essex Being relaid in 7+14 in (184 mm) gauge, scheduled to reopen Easter 2009[93]
Clevedon Miniature Railway 9+12 in (241 mm)   UK Clevedon, Somerset 1952–2013[162]
Danson Park 9+12 in (241 mm)   UK Bexleyheath, Kent 1942 (temporary line for Holidays at Home exhibition); 1949–1962[99]
Downs Light Railway 9+12 in (241 mm)   UK Colwall, Near Malvern, Worcestershire
East Ham Miniature Railway 9+12 in (241 mm)   UK East Ham, London 1945–1949
Hall Leys Park 9+12 in (241 mm)   UK Matlock, Derbyshire
Lakeshore Railroad 9+12 in (241 mm)   UK South Marine Park, South Shields, Tyne & Wear
Sidcup Miniature Railway 9+12 in (241 mm)   UK Sidcup, Kent 1945–1951
Fenglin Miniature Railway 254 mm   China Yingde, Guangdong [163]
Ferrocarril Piedra Baya 10+14 in (260 mm)   Argentina Province of San Luis [164]
Highfields Pioneer Village Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   Australia Highfields, QLD, 4352. [165]
Palmerston North Esplanade Scenic Railway Inc 10+14 in (260 mm)   New Zealand Palmerston North, Manawatu
Masterton Miniature Train Society 10+14 in (260 mm)   New Zealand Queen Elizabeth Park, Masterton
Wairarapa
Audley End Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Audley End, Saffron Walden, Essex [166]
Beale Park 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Pangbourne, Berkshire [167]
Berkeley Light Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Gloucestershire [168]
Bickington Steam Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Trago Mills, Liverton, Newton Abbot, Devon [169]
Brechin Castle Centre Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Haughmuir, Brechin, Scotland Defunct[170]
Bressingham Garden Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Norfolk [171]
Brooklands Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Brooklands Pleasure Park, Worthing, Sussex Closed September 2018[172][173]
Watford Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Cassiobury Park, Watford, Hertfordshire [174]
Chichester & District Society of Model Engineers 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Chichester, Sussex
Drayton Manor Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Drayton Manor Theme Park, Staffordshire Closed
Eastleigh Lakeside Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Hampshire [175]
Melton Mowbray Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Wilton Park, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire [176][177]
Exmouth Express 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Exmouth, Devon
Ferry Meadows Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Nene Park, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire
Happy Mount Park 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Bare, Morecambe, Lancashire
Hastings Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Hastings, Sussex
Isle of Mull Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Mull, Scotland
Kerr's Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK West Links Park, Arbroath, Scotland 1935–2020.[178]
Kirkby Green Light Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Sleaford, Lincolnshire Private with open days
Knebworth Park Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Hertfordshire
Ropley Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Mid-Hants Railway, Hampshire Opened 2015[179]
Manor Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Ingfield Manor, Billingshurst, Sussex
Mortocombe Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Chilton, Oxfordshire [118]
Newby Hall Miniature Railway North Yorkshire 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK
Paignton Zoo 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Paignton, Devon 1940–2021.[180]
Paradise Wildlife Park 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Broxbourne, Hertfordshire
Pettit's Animal Adventure Park 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Reedham, Norfolk
Poole Park Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Poole Park, Poole, Dorset 1949–2016,[181] reopened 2017[182]
Radwell Manor Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Radwell, Bedfordshire Closed
Rio Grande Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Selby Road, Garforth, Leeds, UK [183]
Royal Victoria Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Royal Victoria Country Park, Netley, Southampton, Hampshire [184]
Rudyard Lake Steam Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Rudyard, near Leek, Staffordshire [185]
Smokey Oak Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Woodland Park, Brokerswood, Westbury, Wiltshire
South Downs Light Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Pulborough, Sussex
Southsea Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Southsea, Hampshire Closed 1989[186]
St. Anne's Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK St. Annes-on-Sea, Lancashire
Stapleford Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Stapleford Park, Leicestershire Private but opens mid-June and August each year[187]
Sutton Hall Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Rochford, Essex [188]
Vanstone Woodland Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Vanstone Park Garden Centre, Codicote, Hertfordshire [189]
Wat Tyler Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Wat Tyler Country Park, Pitsea, Basildon [190]
Wells and Walsingham Light Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Smallest gauge used on a minimum gauge railway authorised by a Light Railway Order.[191]
Weymouth Bay Miniature Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Lodmoor, Weymouth, Dorset[citation needed]
Wells Harbour Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   UK Wells-next-the-Sea, Norfolk Closed September 2021,[192][193]
Wenatchee Riverfront Railway 10+14 in (260 mm)   US Wenatchee, Washington [194]
Ruislip Lido Railway 12 in (305 mm)   UK Greater London [195]
Argyle & Eastern Railroad at The Toy Train Barn 12 in (305 mm)   US Argyle, Wisconsin
Atchison & Western Railroad 12 in (305 mm)   US Atchison Rail Museum, Atchison, Kansas [196]
C&H Railroad 12 in (305 mm)   US Tecumseh, Kansas [197]
Casey's Silver Streak at Estes Park Ride-A-Kart 12 in (305 mm)   US Estes Park, Colorado
Central Park (San Mateo) Mini Train 12 in (305 mm)   US San Mateo, California [198][199][200][201][202]
Emerald Hills Railway 12 in (305 mm)   US Emerald Hills, California [203]
Fairview Line at Fair Oaks 12 in (305 mm)   US Gadsden, Alabama Private
Folsom Valley Railway 12 in (305 mm)   US Folsom, California [204]
Little Falls Railroad and Doll Museum 12 in (305 mm)   US Sparta, Wisconsin Private
Midway Shortline Railroad 12 in (305 mm)   US S & S Shortline Railroad Park and Museum, Farmington, Utah
Northview and Frisco Railroad 12 in (305 mm)   US Northview, Missouri Private
Rails of Fun 12 in (305 mm)   US St. Louis, Missouri Portable amusement business for events
Rothwell Park Railroad 12 in (305 mm)   US Moberly, Missouri Club/members only
Poco Loco Railroad 12 in (305 mm)   US LaPorte, Indiana
Sierra Rainier Railroad 12 in (305 mm)   US Orting, Washington Defunct/closed. Private. Very few records exist.
Sonora Short Line Railway 12 in (305 mm)   US Tuolumne, California Defunct/closed. Private. Very few records exist.
Wabash Frisco & Pacific Railway 12 in (305 mm)   US Missouri [205]
Washington Stage Theater 12 in (305 mm)   US La Porte, Indiana Private
Watson Steam Train & Depot 12 in (305 mm)   US Missouri Valley, IA
Zilker Zephyr 12 in (305 mm)   US Zilker Park, Austin, Texas Damaged by storms and without a current operator; subject of lawsuits[206]
Exbury Gardens Steam Railway 12+14 in (311 mm)   UK Beaulieu, Hampshire
Exmoor Steam Railway 12+14 in (311 mm)   UK Bratton Fleming, Devon Closed to the public in 2001[207]
Fairbourne Railway 12+14 in (311 mm)   UK Gwynedd, Wales Originally 15 in gauge
Hotham Park Miniature Railway 12+14 in (311 mm)   UK Bognor Regis, West Sussex [208]
Littlehampton Miniature Railway 12+14 in (311 mm)   UK Littlehampton, West Sussex [209]
Newchapel, Horne & Burstow Grand Junction Railway 12+14 in (311 mm)   UK Horne, Horley, Surrey
Mease Valley Light Railway 12+14 in (311 mm)   UK Tamworth, Staffordshire Opened in 2023 at the Statfold Barn Railway.[210]
Midland Beach Railway Company 12+58 in (321 mm)   US Midland Beach, Staten Island, New York Defunct
Zoo Train, DierenPark Amersfoort 13+38 in (340 mm)   Netherlands
Adventure City Express Train 14 in (356 mm)   US Adventure City, Anaheim, California [211]
Hesston Steam Museum 14 in (356 mm)   US Hesston, Indiana [141]
Kiddieland Limited 14 in (356 mm)   US Kiddieland Amusement Park, Melrose Park, Illinois Defunct
Riverside Express 14 in (356 mm)   US Castle Park, Riverside, California [212]
Pine Valley Miniature Railway Mixed Gauge:

212 in (64 mm)
312 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

  Australia Warner, Queensland [213]
Model Park Denmark 7+14 in (184 mm)   Denmark Modelparken Danmark, Viby J, Egå [214][215]
Brandhøjbanendk, at Hedeland veteran railwaydk Mixed Gauge:

5 in (127 mm)
5132(145 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

  Denmark Hedeland veteran railway, Hedehusene, Høje-Taastrup ,[216][217] there are also one at Denmark’s railway museum in Odense[218][219][220] and one at the Tramway Museum Skjoldenæsholm[221] and many other model-miniature railways in Denmark[222][223][224][225] and Model lane Europe[226] and many others.[227][228][229][230]
Ascot Locomotive Society Mixed Gauge:

212 in (64 mm)
312 in (89 mm)
5 in (127 mm)
7+14 in (184 mm)

  UK Ascot, Berkshire Large track layout with working turntable adjacent to Ascot Racecourse
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Fifteen-inch railways

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Minimum-gauge railways

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Large amusement railways

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See also

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References

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Bibliography

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