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Ministers' money

Ministers' money was a tax payable by householders in certain cities and towns in Ireland to fund the local Church of Ireland minister.[1][2] It was introduced in 1665,[3] modified in 1827,[4] and abolished in 1857.[1][5] The cities and towns affected were Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Waterford, Drogheda, Kilkenny, Clonmel, and Kinsale.[1][2] It was levied as a rate of up to one shilling in the pound (i.e. 5%) on the property's rateable value. The valuation, to a maximum of £60, was done by commissioners appointed by the Lord Lieutenant.[2] Churchwardens appointed by the local minister collected ministers' money on the quarter days: Christmas, Lady Day, St John's Day, and Michaelmas.[2][6] The 1689 Irish Parliament, which the Catholic James II summoned during the Williamite War, abolished minister's money;[7] after James lost the war, William and Mary's 1695 Parliament annulled the 1689 one.[8] A 1723 act[9] provided that, in Dublin, the same valuation could be used both for ministers' money and for calculating cess, a separate local rate used for public works and poor relief.[6][10] Thereafter, cess rates were often expressed in terms of pence per shilling of minister's money.

Ministers' money was resented because it was a regressive tax and applied only in towns with a Catholic majority.[11] In rural areas, tithes were a similar grievance, and the 1830s Tithe War ended when the Tithe Commutation Act 1838 replaced tithes with "tithe-rentcharges"; but this did not apply to ministers' money. Church rate, separate from ministers' money and tithes, was abolished by Church Temporalities Act 1833 (3 & 4 Will. 4. c. 37). Another grievance was that the valuations for ministers' money were done infrequently and might not reflect recent improvements or decline in the property or its neighbourhood.[6] An 1838 proposal by Daniel O'Connell to bring ministers' money into the terms of the Irish Poor Law was withdrawn.[12] An 1848 committee of the Commons recommended its abolition,[11] and motions to that effect were proposed by MPs Francis Murphy (1842[13] and 1844[14]) and William Trant Fagan (six times 1847–54).[15] A petition of Cork residents was laid on the table of the Lords in 1846.[16] In 1854, Sir John Young, the Chief Secretary for Ireland, introduced an Act[17] which reduced the rated charge by one quarter and charged the municipal authority (borough corporation or town commissioners) rather than the minister with collecting it.[18] The Ecclesiastical Commissioners of Ireland forwarded the money from the municipality to the minister, making up the reduction from its own funds.[18] In 1857, Fagan and Francis Beamish introduced a private member's bill, which was successfully enacted, to replace ministers' money with a direct subvention of ministers by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners.[5][19] Some members of the Church of Ireland objected to the act as confiscation of church property, and saw it as a prelude to disestablishment, which eventually came under the Irish Church Act 1869.[18]

Sources

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  • Akenson, Donald H. (1971). The Church of Ireland : ecclesiastical reform and revolution, 1800-1885. Yale University Press. pp. 199–201. ISBN 978-0-300-01448-8.
  • Davis, Thomas Osborne (1893). Gavan Duffy, Charles (ed.). The Patriot Parliament of 1689: With Its Statutes, Votes, and Proceedings. T. Fisher Unwin.
  • Select Committee on Ministers' Money (Ireland) (28 July 1848). Report together with the minutes of evidence, appendix, and index. Sessional papers. Vol. HC 1847-8 xvii (559) 401. House of Commons.

References

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  1. ^ a b c Power, T. P. (1987). "A Minister's Money Account for Clonmel, 1703". Analecta Hibernica (34). The Irish Manuscripts Commission: 185. JSTOR 25512011.
  2. ^ a b c d Thom's Statistics of Ireland. Alexander Thom. 1853. p. 271. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  3. ^ Ireland (1794). "17th and 18th Charles II., c. 7: An Act for Provision of Ministers in Cities, Corporate Towns and making the Church of St. Andrews, in the Suburbs the City of Dublin, presentative for ever.". Statutes Passed in the Parliaments Held in Ireland. Vol. II: 1665-1712. George Grierson, printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. pp. 150–153. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  4. ^ "7 & 8 George IV c.34". The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. His Majesty's Statute and Law Printers. 1827. pp. 214–215. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  5. ^ a b "20 & 21 Vict c.8 "An Act to amend the Act 17 & 18 Vict. c. 11., with a view to the Abolition of Ministers Money in Ireland."". Statutes at Large. London: George Edward Eyre & William Spottiswoode. 1857. pp. 11–12. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  6. ^ a b c Select Committee of the House of Commons on the local taxation of the city of Dublin (5 June 1822). "First Report". Sessional Papers. 7 (394): 1–3.
  7. ^ Davis 1893 pp. 48–49; "The History of the Church and Parish of St. Michael the Archangel, Dublin". Irish Builder and Engineer. 33 (755). Howard MacGarvey & Sons: 121. 1 June 1891.
  8. ^ Davis 1893 p. 54; "An Act declaring all Attainders, and all other Acts made in the late pretended Parliament, to be void". Statutes Passed in the Parliaments Held in Ireland. Vol. 2: 1665–1712. Dublin: George Grierson, printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 1794. pp. 241–243. 7 Will. III, c. 3 (1695).
  9. ^ "10 George I c.3 §19: An act For continuing and amending an act, entitled, an act for the better regulating of the parish-watches, and amending the highways in this kingdom, and for preventing misapplication of public money, and also for establishing a regular watch in the city of Dublin, and to prevent mischief which may happen by graving ships in river Liffey.". 2 George I, 1715 – 7 George II, 1733. Statutes Passed in the Parliaments Held in Ireland. Vol. III. G. Grierson, printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 1794. p. 234. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  10. ^ Dudley, Rowena (1999). "The Dublin Parishes and the Poor: 1660-1740". Archivium Hibernicum. 53. Catholic Historical Society of Ireland: 83. doi:10.2307/25484175. JSTOR 25484175. PMID 21174926.
  11. ^ a b Stowell, William Hendry (1854). "The Coalition Government and the Dissenters". The Eclectic Review. C. Taylor. pp. 615–616. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  12. ^ Barrow, John Henry (1838). "Friday 9 March 1838: Poor Relief (Ireland)". The Mirror of Parliament. Longman, Brown, Green & Longmans. pp. 2582–83. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  13. ^ "MINISTERS' MONEY (IRELAND)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 7 July 1842. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  14. ^ "MINISTERS' MONEY (IRELAND)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 3 July 1844. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  15. ^ "MINISTERS' MONEY. (IRELAND)". HC Deb. Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 9 March 1854. pp. vol 131 cc552–83. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  16. ^ "MINISTERS' MONEY (IRELAND)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 20 February 1846. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  17. ^ "c.11: An Act to amend the Laws relating to Ministers Money, and the Church Temporalities (Ireland) Act". The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. 17 & 18 Victoria. His Majesty's Statute and Law Printers. 1854. pp. 41–46. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  18. ^ a b c Scarlett, Duncan (1999). "Violating the Rubrick Introducing Politics into Divine Worship". Clogher Record. 16 (3). Clogher Historical Society: 31–32. doi:10.2307/27699434. JSTOR 27699434.
  19. ^ Ministers' Money (Ireland). Parliamentary papers. Vol. HC 1857 sess.2 III (18) 317. House of Commons. 14 May 1857.

Further reading

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