Minqin County (Chinese: 民勤县; pinyin: Mínqín Xiàn) is a county of Gansu province, China. It is under the jurisdiction of Wuwei City. Its postal code is 733300, and its population in 1999 was 281,826 people.
Minqin County
民勤县 | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Minqin Location of the seat in Gansu | |
| Coordinates: 38°37′26″N 103°05′38″E / 38.624°N 103.094°E | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Gansu |
| Prefecture-level city | Wuwei |
| County seat | Sanlei |
| Area | |
| • Total | 15,900 km2 (6,100 sq mi) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | 241,400 |
| • Density | 15/km2 (39/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 733300 |
In older literature, today's Minqin is referred to as Zhenfan (Chinese: 镇番; Wade–Giles: Chen-fan).[1] According to Pyotr Kozlov, the Mongol name for the city was Sogo Khoto.[2]
Geographically, Minqin county occupies one of Gansu's panhandles, bordering in the north, east, and southeast on the Alashan League of Inner Mongolia.
History
editHistorically, Chinese agricultural settlement in the area was made possible by the Shiyang River, flowing from the Qilian Mountains.[3] However, the livelihood of Chinese farmers here was often precarious; in the 1920s it was considered as somewhat of a regular famine district.[1] Large number of Zhenfan people, nicknamed "Sand-hollow Mice", worked as "camel-pullers" with caravans owned by Mongols from the adjacent Alashan, or moved—temporarily or permanently—to Xinjiang. For example, as of 1926, the main population of the small oasis of Santanghu (now, officially, Santanghu (三塘湖乡) in what's today Barkol Kazakh Autonomous County of Xinjiang were migrants from Minqin (Zhenfan) and their descendants.[4]
By the late 20th century, the environmental situation in the Minqin area deteriorated, as smaller amounts of the Shiyang River water reached the area, due to the increased irrigation of use of it upstream. Ground water levels fell, and desertification became a serious threat.[3] Minqin is now identified as one of the major sources of sandstorms in China.[3][5]
Climate
edit| Climate data for Minqin, elevation 1,368 m (4,488 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.0 (57.2) |
22.9 (73.2) |
26.5 (79.7) |
33.9 (93.0) |
34.8 (94.6) |
37.1 (98.8) |
41.7 (107.1) |
38.0 (100.4) |
35.4 (95.7) |
27.5 (81.5) |
22.0 (71.6) |
17.3 (63.1) |
41.7 (107.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −0.5 (31.1) |
4.6 (40.3) |
11.7 (53.1) |
19.4 (66.9) |
24.9 (76.8) |
29.4 (84.9) |
31.2 (88.2) |
29.4 (84.9) |
23.9 (75.0) |
16.9 (62.4) |
8.6 (47.5) |
1.2 (34.2) |
16.7 (62.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −8.0 (17.6) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
4.1 (39.4) |
11.8 (53.2) |
17.7 (63.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
24.1 (75.4) |
22.4 (72.3) |
16.7 (62.1) |
9.0 (48.2) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
9.3 (48.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −14.3 (6.3) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
4.5 (40.1) |
10.3 (50.5) |
15.3 (59.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
16.1 (61.0) |
10.5 (50.9) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
2.8 (37.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −29.4 (−20.9) |
−29.5 (−21.1) |
−20.9 (−5.6) |
−9.4 (15.1) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
4.8 (40.6) |
8.1 (46.6) |
6.3 (43.3) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
−12.9 (8.8) |
−19.7 (−3.5) |
−26.9 (−16.4) |
−29.5 (−21.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.4 (0.06) |
0.8 (0.03) |
2.7 (0.11) |
6.1 (0.24) |
13.1 (0.52) |
14.6 (0.57) |
26.6 (1.05) |
25.2 (0.99) |
21.6 (0.85) |
7.0 (0.28) |
1.3 (0.05) |
0.5 (0.02) |
120.9 (4.77) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 4.2 | 5.1 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 2.9 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 40.4 |
| Average snowy days | 3.2 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 13.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 48 | 40 | 34 | 30 | 33 | 39 | 48 | 51 | 53 | 48 | 47 | 49 | 43 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 237.1 | 230.9 | 267.6 | 279.2 | 310.9 | 302.3 | 301.7 | 284.8 | 244.2 | 258.7 | 238.1 | 233.8 | 3,189.3 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 78 | 75 | 72 | 70 | 70 | 68 | 67 | 68 | 66 | 76 | 80 | 80 | 73 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[6][7][8] | |||||||||||||
Administrative divisions
editMinqin County is divided to 18 towns.[9]
- Towns
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|
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See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Owen Lattimore, The Desert Road to Turkestan. London, Methuen, 1928.
- ^ P.K.Kozlov, "Монголия и Кам. Трехлетнее путешествие по Монголии и Тибету (1899—1901 гг.) (Mongolia and Kham. Three years' travel in Mongolia and Tibet (1899–1901). (in Russian)
- ^ a b c Will the Desert Claim Minqin?
- ^ Lattimore (1928), p. 274
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-08-15. Retrieved 2011-05-28.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
- ^ 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2010-05-25.
- ^ "统计用区划代码 www.stats.gov.cn" (in Chinese). XZQH. Retrieved 2020-12-27.