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Mirza Huseyn Afandi Qayibov

Mirza Huseyn Afandi Qayibov (Azerbaijani: میرزا حسین‌ افندی غائبوف, Mirzə Hüseyn Əfəndi Qayıbov) - Azerbaijani clergyman, literary critic, publicist, enlightener and Mufti of the Caucasus (1884-1917).[1] He was the author of 4-volume work on Azerbaijani literature.

Mufti
Mirza Huseyn Afandi Qayibov
Qayibov in 1915
TitleMufti of the Caucasus
Personal
Born(1830-04-24)24 April 1830
Aşağı Salahlı, Qazakh, Russian Empire
Died20 February 1917(1917-02-20) (aged 86)
Tiflis, Tiflis Governorate, Russian Empire
ReligionIslam
SchoolSunni
Occupationclergyman, literary critic, publicist, enlightener
Muslim leader
PredecessorAbdul Hamid Efendizadeh
SuccessorTitle abolished

Early life

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Mirza Huseyn was born in 1830, Ashaga-Salakhly village to a clerical family. His father Molla Yusuf was the village mullah. However, he was orphaned at an early age and grew up under the care of his uncle Ibrahim, a village mullah. Having received his primary education from teacher Mohammad Musazadeh, Huseyn was well versed in religious sciences, Arabic, Persian and Turkish, as well as Eastern literature and history. After graduating, he worked as a teacher from 1847 to 1857 in his native village.

Career

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He was employed by Mufti of Caucasus, Mahammad Afandi (1857-1872) on July 25, 1857, at the three-year Muslim clerical school in Tbilisi.[2] In February 1858, he began teaching Sharia and Oriental languages here. He befriended Akhundzadeh and Chavchavadze who were the prominent intellectuals of the Caucasus living in Tbilisi during this period. He rose to the rank of Governorate Secretary with seniority from January 31 of 1864 with 1858 ruble wage. He was sent to Erzurum at the disposal of the commander of the active corps to perform as Turkish language translator on February 16, 1878.[2]

He was later transferred to the Transcaucasian Teachers Seminary in 1879. As the first teacher of Arabic and Persian at the seminary, he opened a school for the poor in Tbilisi at his own expense, and later, in the early 20th century, expanded it to become a six-grade "Mufti-Islamic School". He awarded scholarships to 43 Azerbaijanis during his career until 1883.[3] He was relieved of teaching at the end of 1883 and appointed Mufti of Caucasus, a position he held until March 1917.

He died on 20 February 1917. After his death, the Spiritual Administration of the Caucasus lost its function due to the collapse of the imperial system. According to Aliagha Shikhlinski, he was "completely free from nationalist prejudices. Loving his people, he did not harbor any hostility towards other nations. As a believing Muslim, he knew how to respect someone else's religion, and had friends among the Russian, Georgian, and Armenian clergy."[4]

Works

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Qayibov was also known as the author of several articles and books. He prepared mathematics textbooks"Masaili-ammil-hesab" (General issues of arithmetic) and linguistic work "Mabdei-talimi-sibyan" (Beginning for teenagers) for newcomers to the Muslim madrasa. He wrote a 9-part book "Tövsiyyətnamə" (Recommendations), in which he collected many proverbs, riddles and words of wisdom.

He also collaborated with Adolf Berge on his 4 volume work on Azerbaijani literature. The book contains examples from the works of 109 Azerbaijani poets who lived in the 18th and 19th centuries. The book was published in 1868, Leipzig.[5] Other works by Qayibov include:

  • “Zübtədül-Əhkamuş-şəriyyə” (Selected Verdicts on Shariah)
  • “Nümuneyi-ləhceyi-Azərbaycan” (Examples of Azerbaijani dialects)
  • “Müqəddəs tarix və sərfnəhv” (Sacred history)[6]
 
Qayibov in 1896

Family

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Mirza Huseyn was married to Saadat Khanum, daughter of his kinsman Abdulkarim Qayibov with whom he had many issues:

Awards

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  • Order of St. Anna - 1st (15 January 1909), 2nd and 3rd classes
  • Order of St. Stanislaus for non-Christians - 1st (27 June 1896), 2nd (25 December 1875) and 3rd classes (5 January 1868)
  • Order of St. Vladimir - 3rd (1 January 1887) and 4th degrees (1 January 1883)
  • Medal "In memory of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878"
  • Medal of the Red Cross (1878)
  • Medal "In Commemoration of the Coronation of Emperor Alexander III" (1883)
  • Silver Medal Medal "In Commemoration of the Coronation of Emperor Nicholas II" (1896)
  • Dark bronze medal for works on the general population census of 1897
  • Immaculate Service Insignia (22 August 1898)
  • Order of the Lion and the Sun, 2nd degree with a star (18 May 1900)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Azerbaijan MOE (21 May 2011). "Təqvim 24-26 may". medeniyyet.az. Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  2. ^ a b "The record of the Transcaucasian Mufti and the staff supervisor of the Tiflis Muslim School Omarov teachings of the State Councilor Huseyn-Effendi Gaibov". Russian Perspectives on Islam. Retrieved 2021-06-23.
  3. ^ Mardanov, Misir (2011). Azərbaycan təhsil tarixi. Bakı: Təhsil.
  4. ^ ДЕМЧЕНКО, Анна. "Муфтий, совместивший веру и знания". www.anl.az. Retrieved 2021-06-23.
  5. ^ Bergé, Adolf (1868). Dichtungen transkaukasischer Sänger des XVIII. und XIX. Jahrhunderts in adserbeidshanischer Mundart. Leipzig: Metzger & Wittig. OCLC 248435349.
  6. ^ M.Sultanov (23 July 2011). "Şəmistan Nəzirli arxivlərinin sirri açılır". azkurs.org. Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  7. ^ "Zerkalo" (in Russian). Zerkalo.az. October 4, 2008. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved 2009-03-20.
  8. ^ "ИСТОРИЯ "БОГА АРТИЛЛЕРИИ" - ГЕНЕРАЛА АЛИ АГА ШИХЛИНСКОГО". www.bigcaucasus.com. Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
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