Modulus is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Modulidae.[3]
| Modulus | |
|---|---|
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| Shell of Modulus turbinoides (holotype at MNHN, Paris) | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Cerithioidea |
| Family: | Modulidae |
| Genus: | Modulus Gray, 1840[1] |
| Type species | |
| Trochus modulus Linnaeus, 1758
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Species
editSpecies within the genus Modulus include:[2]
- Modulus ambiguus Dautzenberg, 1910
- Modulus bayeri Petuch, 2001
- Modulus bermontianus Petuch, 1994
- Modulus cerodes A. Adams, 1851
- Modulus disculus (Philippi, 1846)
- Modulus guernei Dautzenberg, 1900
- Modulus hennequini Petuch, 2013
- Modulus honkerorum Petuch, 2013
- Modulus kaicherae Petuch, 1987
- Modulus lindae Petuch, 1987
- Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758) - the type species, known as the "button snail"
- Modulus nodosus Macsotay & Campos, 2001
- Modulus pacei Petuch, 1987
- Modulus turbinoides (Locard, 1897)
- Taxa inquirenda
- Modulus duplicatus A. Adams, 1851
- Modulus morleti P. Fischer, 1882
- Modulus obliquus A. Adams, 1851
- Modulus obtusatus (Philippi, 1847)
- Species brought into synonymy
- Modulus calusa Petuch, 1988: synonym of Trochomodulus calusa (Petuch, 1988) (original combination)
- Modulus canaliculatus Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Modulus candidus Petit de la Saussaye, 1853: synonym of Indomodulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791)
- Modulus carchedonius (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Trochomodulus carchedonius (Lamarck, 1822)
- Modulus catenulatus (Philippi, 1849): synonym of Trochomodulus catenulatus (Philippi, 1849)
- Modulus cidaris Reeve, 1848: synonym of Modulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Indomodulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791)
- Modulus convexior Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Modulus dorsuosus Gould, 1853: synonym of Modulus disculus (Philippi, 1846)
- Modulus floridanus Conrad, 1869: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Modulus krebsii Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Modulus lenticularis (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Modulus perlatus (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Modulus pisum Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Modulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Indomodulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791)
- Modulus trochiformis Souleyet, 1852: synonym of Trochomodulus catenulatus (Philippi, 1849)
References
edit- ^ Gray J. E. (1840). Syn. Cont. Brit. Mus., ed. 42, 147 [n.n.]; 1842, Syn. Brit. Mus., ed. 44, 60.
- ^ a b "Modulus". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- ^ Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). "Classification and Nomenclator of Gastropod Families". Malacologia. 47 (1–2).
- Landau B., Vermeij G. K. & Reich S. (2014). Classification of the Modulidae (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea), with new genera and new fossil species from the Neogene of tropical America and Indonesia. Basteria. 78(1-3): 1-29
External links
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Modulus.
- Gray, J. E. (1842). Molluscs. Pp. 48-92, in: Synopsis of the contents of the British Museum, edition 44. British Museum. London. iv + 308 p
- Rafinesque C.S. (1819). Prodrome. De 70 nouveaux genres d'animaux découverts dans l'intérieur des Etats-Unis d'Amérique, durant l'année 1818. Journal de Physique, de Chimie, d'Histoire Naturelle et des Arts. 88: 417-429.