Mohamed Fayek (born 1929) is an Egyptian politician who held various cabinet posts from 1967 to 1971 during the presidency of Gamal Abdel Nasser. He was the minister of national guidance in 1967, the minister of information between 1968 and 1970 and the state minister for foreign affairs between 1970 and 1971. He was also elected as a deputy to the People's Assembly in 1968.
Mohamed Fayek | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister of State for Foreign Affairs | |
| In office April 1970 – May 1971 | |
| President | |
| Minister of Information | |
| In office 1968 – April 1970 | |
| President | Gamal Abdel Nasser |
| Succeeded by | Mohamed Hassanein Heikal |
| Minister of National Guidance | |
| In office 1967–1967 | |
| President | Gamal Abdel Nasser |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1929 (age 94–95) Cairo, Kingdom of Egypt |
| Children | 2 |
| Alma mater | Military Academy |
Early life and education
editFayek was born in Cairo in 1929.[1] He received a university degree[1] and was a graduate of the Military Academy.[2]
Career and arrest
editFayek worked as an intelligence officer[3] and was part of the Free Officers Movement which ended the reign of King Farouk in 1952.[4] Fayek headed the Bureau of Gamal Abdel Nasser after Nasser became the President of Egypt and was his legal adviser for African and Asian affairs.[5] Between 1955 and 1966 Fayek was the head of the African Affairs Bureau attached to the Presidency.[4] He also served as the vice-president of the Egyptian Committee for Afro-Asian Solidarity.[5]
In June 1967 Fayek was appointed minister of national guidance and headed the Egyptian delegation to the African Summit in September 1967.[1][6] He was elected to the People's Assembly in 1968 and served there for two terms representing the Kasr El Nil constituency of Cairo.[1][7] He became minister of information in 1968 which he held until April 1970.[1][8] When Fayek was in office the Six-Day War between the United Arab Republic (UAR) composed of Egypt, Jordan and Syria and Israel occurred, and the UAR was defeated which led to the resignation of Gamal Abdel Nasser.[9] Just before his resignation Nasser told Fayek that he would be tried and hanged in the middle of Cairo.[9] During the same period a Bureau of African Affairs was formed to support the African liberation movements against former colonial countries and headed by Fayek.[10] Mohamed Hassanein Heikal replaced Fayek as minister of information.[8]
Next Fayek served as the minister of state for foreign affairs between April 1970 and May 1971.[1][8] On 13 May 1971 Fayek resigned from the post with three other cabinet members.[3] President Anwar Sadat, successor of Nasser, was informed about their resignations by Ashraf Marwan, son-in-law of Gamal Abdel Nasser, at his home.[3] These officials are called the May group which was consisted of the Nasser supporters.[2] Fayek had been the head of Bureau of African Affairs during his tenure as the minister of state for foreign affairs.[10] He was removed from office by the President Sadat and was also arrested because of his alleged involvement in the planning of a coup against Sadat.[10] He was jailed for ten years.[11]
Following his release from the prison Fayek assumed various positions in the organizations such as Arab Organization for Human Rights.[7] One of his posts in the organization was the special rapporteur on refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced persons and migrants in Africa.[12] He also headed a publishing company entitled Dar Al Mustaqbal Al Arabi (Arabic: Arab Future Publishing House) which publishes work by liberal scholars and writers such as Galal Amin, Ismail Sabri Abdullah and Edwar al-Kharrat.[13]
As of 2011 Fayek was serving as the chairman of the Egyptian Ombudsman Office.[14] He was also the chairman of the board of directors of Al Arabi, a Nasserist newspaper.[7] He is the president of the Egyptian National Council for Human Rights, the chairman of the Nile Valley Family Association and a board member of the Boutros Ghali Foundation.[7]
Personal life and work
editFayek is married and has two children.[1] The Egyptian musician Nadya Shanab is his granddaughter.[15]
In 1984 Fayek's mémoire entitled Abdel Nasser wal Thawra Al-Afriqiyya (Arabic: Abdel Nasser and the African Revolution) was published by Dar Alwehda in Beirut, Lebanon.[10]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g Who's Who in the Arab World 2007-2008 (18th ed.). Beirut: Publitec Publications. 2011. p. 293. ISBN 978-3-11-093004-7.
- ^ a b Salwa Sharawi Gomaa (1986). Egyptian diplomacy in the seventies: a case study in leadership (PhD thesis). University of Pittsburgh. pp. 31, 33. ISBN 979-8-206-43008-0. ProQuest 303523652.
- ^ a b c Raymond H. Anderson (23 May 1971). "Showdown in Egypt: How Sadat Prevailed". The New York Times. Cairo. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ a b Reem Abou-El-Fadl (2022). "Building Egypt's Afro-Asian Hub: Infrastructures of Solidarity in 1950s Cairo". In Su Lin Lewis; Carolien Stolte (eds.). The Lives of Cold War Afro-Asianism. Leiden: Leiden University Press. p. 171. ISBN 9789400604346.
- ^ a b "Pan Africa School 2063 honors Mohamed Fayek". Egypt Today. Cairo. 24 December 2018. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ David Sadler (25 January 2023). "The departure of Sami Sharaf, the treasurer of Abdel Nasser.. and the prisoner of the Sadat era". Globe Echo. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Mr. Minister / Mohamed Fayek". Boutros Ghali Foundation. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ a b c Raymond H. Anderson (27 April 1970). "Nasser Names Editor-Adviser Chief of Information Services". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ a b Laura M. James (2006). Nasser at War. Arab Images of the Enemy. London: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 124. doi:10.1057/9780230626379. ISBN 978-0-230-62637-9.
- ^ a b c d Rawia Tawfik (2016). "Egypt and the Transformations of the Pan-African Movement: The Challenge of Adaptation". African Studies. 75 (3): 302, 305. doi:10.1080/00020184.2016.1193382. S2CID 148041875.
- ^ Fawaz Gerges (2018). Making the Arab World: Nasser, Qutb, and the Clash That Shaped the Middle East. Princeton, NJ; Oxford: Princeton University Press. p. 316. ISBN 9781400890071.
- ^ "Mohamed Fayek". African Commission on Human and People's Rights. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ Ragai N. Makar (1996). "Book Publishing in Egypt its Politics and Economics". MELA Notes (63): 23. JSTOR 29785635.
- ^ "Foreign Minister Westerwelle and Minister for Economic Cooperation and Development Niebel to visit Egypt" (Press release). Federal Foreign Office. 23 February 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ Rania Khallaf (26 September 2019). "'I aspire to reconnect Egypt with the rest of Africa on the musical front': Nadya Shanab". Ahram Online. Retrieved 4 November 2022.