Moses Benson (1738 – 6 June 1806) was a British West Indies merchant, who became heavily engaged in the Liverpool slave trade.
Origins
editBenson was the son of John Benson (1684–1766), a salt dealer of Mansriggs, near Ulverston, in Furness.[1][2]
Career
editIn the 1760s, Benson became a captain in the West India trade for Abraham Rawlinson, a Lancaster merchant, and acted as Rawlinson's agent in Jamaica, before commencing trade in the West Indies on his own account.[1]
Having acquired a significant fortune, Benson returned to Liverpool, where in 1775 he entered the slave trade. Between 1775 and his death in 1806, he can be associated with no fewer than 67 slaving ventures.[1]
He bought a large house in Duke Street in Liverpool, which occupied an entire block between Cornwallis Street, Kent Street and St. James's Street.[3]
In 1797, Benson was appointed to the committee charged with conducting the arrangements for the defence of Liverpool.[4]
In 1802 he built and endowed St. James's School, in St. James's Road, for poor children.[5] By 1835, the school was educating nearly 200 boys and about 100 girls.[6]
Benson died on 5 June 1806. In 1807, the trustees of his estate bought an estate at Lutwyche, in Shropshire, which then passed to his heirs.[7] Alternatively, according to historian Jane Longmore, Benson bought the Lutwyche estate himself in the 1780s.[8]
Benson's will was a controversial document. It identified his four children as his children or “reputed” children and made no mention of their mother (Judith Powell) whom he never married. According to records in Jamaican archives, Judith Powell was a "free mustee", indicating she was of partly black ancestry. Despite the apparent de facto relationship, Judith accompanied Moses and their children on his return Liverpool and remained there until her death. A bequest of £15,000 to his daughter Mary was revoked in the event that she married a native of Ireland. The complications of administering his estate were such as to lead to a private Act of Parliament some 24 years after his death, in 1830.[9]
Family
editBenson had four children who survived him:[2]
- Ralph Benson (died October 1845), who married Barbara, the daughter of Thomas Lewin, and was MP for Stafford
- Moses Benson (1780–1837), who married Margaret Kendall, the daughter of Capt. John Kendall of Liverpool & the 'Molly', a slave vessel, and Margaret Ward
- Mary Benson, who married the Rev. Charles Gladwin
- Jane-Dorothea Benson, who married Richard Elmshirst of West Ashby, Lincolnshire
References
edit- ^ a b c Richardson, Schwarz and Tibbles, Liverpool and Transatlantic Slavery (Liverpool University Press, 2007)
- ^ a b John Burke, A genealogical and heraldic dictionary of the landed gentry of Great Britain & Ireland (Henry Colburn, London, 1850)
- ^ Rev. James Aspinall, Liverpool a few years since (1852), at page 37
- ^ Richard Brooke, Liverpool as it was during the last quarter of the eighteenth century (J. Mawdsley and Son, Liverpool, 1853), at page 420
- ^ The Stranger in Liverpool (3rd edition, Liverpool, 1812), at page 126
- ^ The picture of Liverpool (1835), at page 153
- ^ Victoria County History, A History of the County of Shropshire, volume 10 (1998)
- ^ Slavery and the British country house. Dresser, Madge., Hann, Andrew. Swindon: English Heritage. 2013. ISBN 978-1-84802-064-1. OCLC 796755629.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Journal of the House of Commons, volume 85 (1830)