Mount Toondina crater is an impact structure (or astrobleme), the eroded remnant of a former impact crater, located in northern South Australia in the locality of Allandale Station about 24 km (15 mi) south of the town of Oodnadatta.[2][1] Mount Toondina is the high point of a circular topographic feature rising out of an otherwise relatively flat desert area of the Eromanga Basin. An impact origin was first suggested in 1976, challenging the earlier diapir (salt dome) hypothesis,[3] and strongly supported by subsequent studies.[4] A geophysical survey using gravity methods indicates an internal structure typical of complex impact craters, including an uplifted centre, and suggests that the original crater was about 3–4 km in diameter.[5][6] The crater must be younger than the Early Cretaceous age of the rocks in which it is situated, but otherwise is not well dated. It has clearly undergone significant erosion since the impact event.
| Mount Toondina crater | |
|---|---|
 Landsat image of Mount Toondina crater; screen capture from the NASA World Wind | |
| Impact crater/structure | |
| Confidence | Confirmed |
| Diameter | 4 km (2.5 mi) |
| Rise | 114 m (374 ft)[1] |
| Age | <110 Ma <Early Cretaceous |
| Exposed | Yes |
| Drilled | No |
| Location | |
| Location | Eromanga Basin |
| Coordinates | 27°56′40″S 135°21′30″E / 27.94444°S 135.35833°E |
| Country | Australia |
| State | South Australia |
| District | Allandale Station |
  Location of the crater in South Australia | |
References
edit
- ^ a b "Search result for "Mount Toondina, Mt" using the following datasets - "Suburbs and Localities", "SA Government Regions", "Gazetteer" and "Pastoral Stations"". Location SA Map Viewer. Government of South Australia. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
- ^ "Mount Toondina". Earth Impact Database. Planetary and Space Science Centre University of New Brunswick Fredericton. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
- ^ Youles I.P. 1976. Mount Toondina impact structure. Geological Survey of South Australia Quarterly Geological Notes 60, 10–12.
- ^ Shoemaker E.M. & Shoemaker C.S. 1988. Impact Structures of Australia (1987). Lunar and Planetary Science Conference XIX, 1079–1080. Abstract
- ^ Plescia J.B., Shoemaker E.M. & Shoemaker C.S. 1991. Gravity survey of the Mt. Toondina impact structure, South Australia. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference XXII, 1079–1080. Abstract
- ^ Plescia J.B., Shoemaker E.M. & Shoemaker C.S. (1994). "Gravity survey of the Mount Toondina impact structure, South Australia". Journal of Geophysical Research. 99(E6) (E6): 13167–13179. Bibcode:1994JGR....9913167P. doi:10.1029/94JE00660.
Further reading
edit- Halihan, T., Dressler, A., Love, A., Xie, Y., Simmons, C. T., et al., Numerical and hydrogeophysical model of Mount Toonsina impact crater, South Australia. (Abstract). Geological Society of America, vol. 44, pp. 535. 2012
- Moorcroft, E., Geophysical investigation, Mt. Toondina area. Quarterly Geological Notes, The Geological Survey of South Australia, v. 12, pp. 3–6. 1964