Mrocza (Polish pronunciation: [ˈmrɔt͡ʂa]; German: Mrotschen, 1939-1942: Schönhausen, 1942-1945: Immenheim) is a town in Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, with 4,368 inhabitants (2010).[1] It is located in the ethnocultural region of Krajna.
Mrocza | |
|---|---|
 Town square | |
 Coat of arms | |
  Mrocza | |
| Coordinates: 53°14′33″N 17°35′56″E / 53.24250°N 17.59889°E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | Kuyavian-Pomeranian |
| County | Nakło |
| Gmina | Mrocza |
| Town rights | 1393 |
| Area | |
• Total | 4.32 km2 (1.67 sq mi) |
| Population (2010)[1] | |
• Total | 4,368 |
| • Density | 1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 89-115 |
| Vehicle registration | CNA |
| Website | http://www.mrocza.pl/ |
History
edit
Mrocza was granted town rights by Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło in 1393. It was a private town, administratively located in the Nakło County in the Kalisz Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province.[2]
Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the town was invaded and then occupied by Germany. In October–November 1939, as part of the Intelligenzaktion, the German gendarmerie and Selbstschutz carried out mass arrests of local Poles, including the town's mayor.[3] Arrested Poles were then murdered by the Germans in large massacres, including in nearby Paterek.[3] Two Poles from Mrocza were also murdered by the Russians in the large Katyn massacre in April–May 1940.[4] The Germans also carried out expulsions of Poles, and in 1942, they renamed the town Immenheim to erase traces of Polish origin, however the historic name was restored after the German occupation ended in 1945.
Demographics
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1921 | 2,016 | — |
| 1931 | 2,383 | +18.2% |
| 2010 | 4,368 | +83.3% |
| Source: [5][1] | ||
Sports
editTarpan Mrocza sports club is based in the town, with football, weightlifting and duplicate bridge sections.[6] It is the former club of Adrian Zieliński, 2012 Olympic champion in weightlifting.
References
edit- ^ a b c Stan i struktura ludności oraz ruch naturalny w przekroju terytorialnym w 2010 r. (PDF) (in Polish). Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 2011. p. 52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2011.
- ^ Atlas historyczny Polski. Wielkopolska w drugiej połowie XVI wieku. Część I. Mapy, plany (in Polish). Warszawa: Instytut Historii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2017. p. 1b.
- ^ a b Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 163.
- ^ "Dzień Pamięci - 80 rocznica Zbrodni Katyńskiej oraz 10 rocznica katastrofy lotniczej pod Smoleńskiem". Mrocza.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 20 March 2021.
- ^ Wiadomości Statystyczne Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego (in Polish). Vol. X. Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 1932. p. 201.
- ^ "O klubie". Tarpan Mrocza (in Polish). Retrieved 20 March 2021.
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