MtDNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia

Listed here are notable groups and populations from South Asia by human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups based on relevant studies. The samples are taken from individuals identified with linguistic designations (IE=Indo-European, Dr=Dravidian, AA=Austro-Asiatic and ST=Sino-Tibetan), the third column gives the sample size studied, and the other columns give the percentage of the particular haplogroup. The two most widespread MtDNA haplogroups in South Asia are Haplogroup M (of South Asian origin) and Haplogroup U (West Eurasian).[1]

Note: The converted frequencies from some old studies conducted in the first decade of the 21st century may lead to unsubstantial frequencies below.

Population Sample Size Language HVS-I haplotype diversity A L1–L3 M M2 M3 M5 MΔ9bp U H, V, T, J, N, X, K, W B, F, D, G R P Reference
Bengali in Bangladesh 86 IE 1.2 67.4 12.8 5.8 3.5 9.3 Rishishwar2017[2]
Chenchu (South Indian tribal) 96 Dr 0.87 0 97 18 1 19 3 0 0 0 1 Kivisild2003[3]
Gujarati Indian in Houston, Texas 106 IE 2.8 38.7 15.1 13.2 30.2 Rishishwar2017[2]
Gujaratis and Konkanastha Br. 111 IE 0.99 0 48 5 6 0 0 23 10 5 11 Kivisild2003[3]
Indian Telugu in the UK 103 Dr 59.2 13.6 14.6 12.6 Rishishwar2017[2]
Kerala/Karnataka 99 Dr 0.96 0 64 15 6 15 0 21 0 9 Kivisild2003[3]
Koyas 81 Dr 0.94 0 69 19 6 0 21 1 0 0 31 Kivisild2003[3]
Lambadis 86 IE 0.99 0 64 10 5 10 0 12 8 0 13 Kivisild2003[3]
Lobanas (Punjab) 62 IE 0.98 0 55 5 5 8 0 5 8 0 18 Kivisild2003[3]
Punjabi in Lahore, Pakistan 96 IE 57.3 11.5 14.6 5.2 11.5 Rishishwar2017[2]
Punjabis 112 IE 0.99 0 41 1 4 1 0 20 19 5 10 Kivisild2003[3]
Sri Lanka 132 Dr, IE 0.99 0 58 7 5 2 0 18 8 2 14 Kivisild2003[3]
Sinhalese 100 IE 42 21 6 7 20 2 Ranaweera2014[4]
Sinhalese 60 IE 51.7 Ranasinghe2015[5]
Vedda 75 IE 17.33 29.33 8 45.33 Ranaweera2014[4]
Vedda 30 IE 36.6 Ranasinghe2015[5]
Sri Lankan Tamil in the UK 103 Dr 1.0 48.5 13.6 15.5 21.4 Rishishwar2017[2]
Sri Lankan Tamil 39 Dr 43.59 15.38 20.51 7.69 7.69 5.13 Ranaweera2014[4]
Sri Lankan Tamil 30 Dr 53.5 Ranasinghe2015[5]
Indian Tamil in Sri Lanka 57 Dr 70.8 12.28 1.75 5.26 8.77 1.75 Ranaweera2014[4]
Indian Tamil in Sri Lanka 22 Dr 81.8 Ranasinghe2015[5]
Tamil Nadu tribal 49 Dr 0.96 0 71 2 24 0 0 16 0 0 12 Kivisild2003[3]
Telugu, lower 70 Dr 0.99 0 71 10 1 4 0 7 1 0 21 Kivisild2003[3]
Telugu, middle 114 Dr 0.99 0 64 6 4 4 0 10 5 0 21 Kivisild2003[3]
Telugu, upper 59 Dr 0.99 0 61 5 19 0 0 19 3 0 15 Kivisild2003[3]
Uttar Pradesh 139 IE 0.99 0 57 3 10 0 0 17 6 1 14 Kivisild2003[3]
Western Bengal tribal 34 IE 0.99 0 65 6 9 0 0 21 0 0 15 Kivisild2003[3]
Western Bengalis 106 IE 0.97 0 72 4 7 6 0 10 6 0 11 Kivisild2003[3]

U* = other derivatives of haplogroup U; R* = derivatives of haplogroup R that do not belong to HV, TJ, U, B, and F.

References

edit
  1. ^ Mukhtar Ahmed (29 May 2014). Ancient Pakistan - An Archaeological History: Volume I: The Stone Age. Amazon. pp. 245–. ISBN 978-1-4954-9047-7.
  2. ^ a b c d e Rishishwar, Lavanya; Jordan, I. King (2017). "Implications of human evolution and admixture for mitochondrial replacement therapy". BMC Genomics. 18 (1): 140. doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3539-3. ISSN 1471-2164. PMC 5299762. PMID 28178941.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Kivisild, T; Rootsi, S; Metspalu, M; Mastana, S; Kaldma, K; Parik, J; Metspalu, E; Adojaan, M; et al. (2003). "The Genetic Heritage of the Earliest Settlers Persists Both in Indian Tribal and Caste Populations". AJHG. 72 (2): 313–32. doi:10.1086/346068. PMC 379225. PMID 12536373.
  4. ^ a b c d Ranaweera, Lanka; Kaewsutthi, Supannee; Win Tun, Aung; Boonyarit, Hathaichanoke; Poolsuwan, Samerchai; Lertrit, Patcharee (January 2014). "Mitochondrial DNA history of Sri Lankan ethnic people: their relations within the island and with the Indian subcontinental populations". Journal of Human Genetics. 59 (1): 28–36. doi:10.1038/jhg.2013.112. PMID 24196378.
  5. ^ a b c d Ranasinghe, Ruwandi; Tennekoon, Kamani H.; Karunanayake, Eric H.; Lembring, Maria; Allen, Marie (November 2015). "A study of genetic polymorphisms in mitochondrial DNA hypervariable regions I and II of the five major ethnic groups and Vedda population in Sri Lanka". Legal Medicine. 17 (6): 539–546. doi:10.1016/j.legalmed.2015.05.007. PMID 26065620.