Alhaji Mudi Sipikin (1930–19 February 2013) was a Nigerian poet and founding member of the Northern Elements Progressive Union (NEPU), the radical political party that was the main opposition in the Northern Region during the Nigerian First Republic. He got his surname 'Sipikin' from when he was a clerk for NEPU, owing to his habit of mispronouncing "This is Mudi speaking" instead answering "This is Mudi sipikin". While the majority of his works were written in Hausa, under the supervision of Richard Ali, efforts have been undertaken by the Poetry Translation Centre to preserve and translate these literary works into English.[1]
Mudi Sipikin | |
|---|---|
| Born | Mahmud Muhammad 1930 |
| Died | February 19, 2013 (aged 82–83) |
| Occupation(s) | Poet, businessman, politician |
| Notable work | Arewa Jamhuriya Kawai |
| Political party | Northern People's Congress |
| Other political affiliations | Askianist Movement
|
| Children | 23 |
Life
editMudi Sipikin was born in the Darma quarters of the city of Kano in 1930. During the 19th-century, his grandfather migrated from Auyo in Hadejia (in present-day Jigawa State) to Kano. One of his first teachers was his father, Muhammadu Buwa, who taught him Arabic and Islamic literature from an early age. To further his Islamic studies, he attended a Qur'anic school overseen by Mallam Umaru Badamagare of Damagaram. Sipikin never attended a formal Western school but, later in life, he studied under his more educated friends like Sa'adu Zungur, Maitama Sule and Aminu Kano. In the 1960s, he was informally educated through a correspondence course with a British school, and later attended a series of adult education and literacy classes in Kano.[2]: 246–247 [3]
At about the age of 18, Spikin published his first poem, which "showed concern with the welfare of the poor". During the 1950s, he gained popularity through his poems which were published in Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo.[4] His most well known poem from his pre-independence days was Arewa Jumhuriya Kawai ("The North, a Republic Pure and Simple"), a reply to Sa'adu Zungur's Arewa Jumhuniya ko Mulkiya ("The North: Republic or Monarchy?"). Zungur's poem urged the Emirs of the North to align with Nigeria's rapid modernisation while preserving its Islamic identity. Sipikin rejected this position as indicated in his reply, calling for the abolition of the emirate system in favor of embracing Republican ideals in the North.[5][6][7] He published about 300 poems, which were on various topics such as religion, politics, economic life, science and "the conditions of living of the population". In 1964, he founded the influential Hikima Kulob ('Wisdom club'), a poet's circle based in Kano and Kaduna. The club focused on the creation, declamation, and dissemination of poems on current events. The club's poems were broadcast over radio stations as a way to keep the general populace informed. Although majority of its members were men, some of the most renowned female Hausa poets from this period were members of the club, like Hauwa Gwaram and Hajiya 'Yar Shehu.[8][9]
During the late 1940s and early 1950s, Sipikin helped establish the Northern Elements Progressive Union (NEPU). In March 1951, he founded the Askianist Movement which, until its collapse in 1955 due to financial irregularities, acted as an off-shoot of NEPU. It takes its name from Muhammad Askia, who usurped the throne of the medieval Songhai Empire and ushered in what is generally considered the empire's golden age. Followers of the movement hailed Aminu Kano, leader of NEPU, as the modern Askia; who was going to lead the party in replacing the ruling government–Native Authority, British colonialists, and the ruling Northern People's Congress–and, like Muhammad Askia, usher in a golden age. In 1954, members of the movement raised funds to construct a school but later discovered irregularities in the accounting of the fund. Consequently, Sipikin was removed as president and expelled from the movement. The disillusionment among members resulting from this incident led to the party's disbandment a year later.[10][11]
Before founding the Askianist Movement, he attended the 1953 London Constitutional Conference as an Action Group delegate.[12] Between 1980 and 1983, he was the chairman of the newly established Kano State Agency for Mass Education to improve education and eradicate illeracy in the state. In 1981, the agency won the UNESCO trophy for achievement.[13]
References
edit- ^ "PTC Online Workshops: Nigerian Hausa poet Mudi Sipikin". Poetry Translation Centre. 2021-04-20. Retrieved 2024-02-04.
- ^ Literatures in African languages : theoretical issues and sample surveys. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press. 1985. ISBN 978-0-521-25646-9.
- ^ Garba, Ismail Bala (2006), "Complexly Intertwined': Poetry and Politics", IFRA Special Research Issue Vol. 2, African Dynamics, Ibadan: IFRA-Nigeria, pp. 103–113, ISBN 979-10-92312-21-8, retrieved 2024-02-04
- ^ Klíma, Vladimír (1976). Black Africa : literature and language. Dordrecht, Holland ; Boston: D. Reidel Pub. Co. pp. 173–174. ISBN 978-90-277-0531-0.
- ^ Irele, Abiola (2004). The Cambridge history of African and Caribbean literature. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 354. ISBN 978-0-521-59434-9.
- ^ Kane, Ousmane Oumar, ed. (2016). Beyond Timbuktu An Intellectual History Of Muslim West Africa. Havard University Press. p. 36.
- ^ Sullivan, Joanna (2009). "From Poetry to Prose: The Modern Hausa Novel". Comparative Literature Studies. 46 (2): 311–337. doi:10.2307/25659718. ISSN 0010-4132. JSTOR 25659718.
- ^ Mack, Beverly B. (2022-12-21), "Women in Muslim Northern Nigeria", Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History, doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.1353, ISBN 978-0-19-027773-4, retrieved 2024-02-04
- ^ Mack, Beverly (2023-07-11). Equals in Learning and Piety: Muslim Women Scholars in Nigeria and North America. University of Wisconsin Pres. p. 89. ISBN 978-0-299-34260-9.
- ^ Whitaker, C. S. (C Sylvester) (1970). The politics of tradition continuity and change in Northern Nigeria, 1946-1966. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. p. 394. ISBN 978-0-691-03079-1.
- ^ Richard L Sklar (1963-01-01). Nigerian political parties;: Power in an emergent African nation. Princeton University Press. p. 420.
- ^ Dambatta, Salisu Na'inna (28 February 2013). "Mudi Sipikin - the Poet Goes Silent". Daily Trust. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
- ^ Adamu, Adamu (15 March 2013). "On Sipikin On Chavez". Daily Trust. Retrieved 4 February 2024.