Multifocal diffractive lens

For eyeglass lenses, see Progressive lens.

A multifocal diffractive lens is a diffractive optical element (DOE) that allows a single incident beam to be focused simultaneously at several positions along the propagation axis.

Example of multifocal peak intensity distribution along optical axis.(Courtesy of Holo/Or)

Intensity distribution of multifocal lens 5 foci in Z-X plane

Principle of operation

An incident laser beam is deflected by grooved diffraction pattern into axial diffraction orders along its optical axis. The foci appear around the far field position. With an additional focusing lens, foci from multifocal lens will appear at certain distances from the focal point of the lens.

Theory

The multifocal spots location is a function of refractive focal length f_Refractive and predetermined diffractive focal length f_Diffractive The focal spot at the "zero" order refers to the refractive focal length of the lens being used.

The distance between the focal spots can be described by the equation

${\frac {1}{f_{m}}}={\frac {1}{f_{\mathrm {Refractive} }}}+{\frac {m}{f_{\mathrm {Diffractive} }}},\ \mathrm {for} \ m=\pm 1,\pm 2,\pm 3...$,

where f_m is the focal length for the mth diffractive order,

f_Refractive is the focal length of the refractive lens, and

f_Diffractive is the focal length of the diffractive lens.

Applications

• Laser cutting
• Laser drilling
• Microscopy
• Ophthalmology: Multifocal contact lenses and multifocal intraocular lenses

External links

• HOLOOR Application note for Multifocal Lenses
• Interactive Optical calculator for Multifocal Lenses
• Beam Propagation through multifocal lens (Movie)